file.c

linux 内核源代码

/*
 * fs/sysfs/file.c - sysfs regular (text) file implementation
 *
 * Copyright (c) 2001-3 Patrick Mochel
 * Copyright (c) 2007 SUSE Linux Products GmbH
 * Copyright (c) 2007 Tejun Heo <[e-mail]>
 *
 * This file is released under the GPLv2.
 *
 * Please see Documentation/filesystems/sysfs.txt for more information.
 */

#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/kobject.h>
#include <linux/namei.h>
#include <linux/poll.h>
#include <linux/list.h>
#include <linux/mutex.h>
#include <asm/uaccess.h>

#include "sysfs.h"

#define to_sattr(a) container_of(a,struct subsys_attribute, attr)

/*
 * Subsystem file operations.
 * These operations allow subsystems to have files that can be 
 * read/written. 
 */
static ssize_t 
subsys_attr_show(struct kobject * kobj, struct attribute * attr, char * page)
{
	struct kset *kset = to_kset(kobj);
	struct subsys_attribute * sattr = to_sattr(attr);
	ssize_t ret = -EIO;

	if (sattr->show)
		ret = sattr->show(kset, page);
	return ret;
}

static ssize_t 
subsys_attr_store(struct kobject * kobj, struct attribute * attr, 
		  const char * page, size_t count)
{
	struct kset *kset = to_kset(kobj);
	struct subsys_attribute * sattr = to_sattr(attr);
	ssize_t ret = -EIO;

	if (sattr->store)
		ret = sattr->store(kset, page, count);
	return ret;
}

static struct sysfs_ops subsys_sysfs_ops = {
	.show	= subsys_attr_show,
	.store	= subsys_attr_store,
};

/*
 * There's one sysfs_buffer for each open file and one
 * sysfs_open_dirent for each sysfs_dirent with one or more open
 * files.
 *
 * filp->private_data points to sysfs_buffer and
 * sysfs_dirent->s_attr.open points to sysfs_open_dirent.  s_attr.open
 * is protected by sysfs_open_dirent_lock.
 */
static spinlock_t sysfs_open_dirent_lock = SPIN_LOCK_UNLOCKED;

struct sysfs_open_dirent {
	atomic_t		refcnt;
	atomic_t		event;
	wait_queue_head_t	poll;
	struct list_head	buffers; /* goes through sysfs_buffer.list */
};

struct sysfs_buffer {
	size_t			count;
	loff_t			pos;
	char			* page;
	struct sysfs_ops	* ops;
	struct mutex		mutex;
	int			needs_read_fill;
	int			event;
	struct list_head	list;
};

/**
 *	fill_read_buffer - allocate and fill buffer from object.
 *	@dentry:	dentry pointer.
 *	@buffer:	data buffer for file.
 *
 *	Allocate @buffer->page, if it hasn't been already, then call the
 *	kobject's show() method to fill the buffer with this attribute's 
 *	data. 
 *	This is called only once, on the file's first read unless an error
 *	is returned.
 */
static int fill_read_buffer(struct dentry * dentry, struct sysfs_buffer * buffer)
{
	struct sysfs_dirent *attr_sd = dentry->d_fsdata;
	struct kobject *kobj = attr_sd->s_parent->s_dir.kobj;
	struct sysfs_ops * ops = buffer->ops;
	int ret = 0;
	ssize_t count;

	if (!buffer->page)
		buffer->page = (char *) get_zeroed_page(GFP_KERNEL);
	if (!buffer->page)
		return -ENOMEM;

	/* need attr_sd for attr and ops, its parent for kobj */
	if (!sysfs_get_active_two(attr_sd))
		return -ENODEV;

	buffer->event = atomic_read(&attr_sd->s_attr.open->event);
	count = ops->show(kobj, attr_sd->s_attr.attr, buffer->page);

	sysfs_put_active_two(attr_sd);

	/*
	 * The code works fine with PAGE_SIZE return but it's likely to
	 * indicate truncated result or overflow in normal use cases.
	 */
	BUG_ON(count >= (ssize_t)PAGE_SIZE);
	if (count >= 0) {
		buffer->needs_read_fill = 0;
		buffer->count = count;
	} else {
		ret = count;
	}
	return ret;
}

/**
 *	sysfs_read_file - read an attribute. 
 *	@file:	file pointer.
 *	@buf:	buffer to fill.
 *	@count:	number of bytes to read.
 *	@ppos:	starting offset in file.
 *
 *	Userspace wants to read an attribute file. The attribute descriptor
 *	is in the file's ->d_fsdata. The target object is in the directory's
 *	->d_fsdata.
 *
 *	We call fill_read_buffer() to allocate and fill the buffer from the
 *	object's show() method exactly once (if the read is happening from
 *	the beginning of the file). That should fill the entire buffer with
 *	all the data the object has to offer for that attribute.
 *	We then call flush_read_buffer() to copy the buffer to userspace
 *	in the increments specified.
 */

static ssize_t
sysfs_read_file(struct file *file, char __user *buf, size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
{
	struct sysfs_buffer * buffer = file->private_data;
	ssize_t retval = 0;

	mutex_lock(&buffer->mutex);
	if (buffer->needs_read_fill) {
		retval = fill_read_buffer(file->f_path.dentry,buffer);
		if (retval)
			goto out;
	}
	pr_debug("%s: count = %zd, ppos = %lld, buf = %s\n",
		 __FUNCTION__, count, *ppos, buffer->page);
	retval = simple_read_from_buffer(buf, count, ppos, buffer->page,
					 buffer->count);
out:
	mutex_unlock(&buffer->mutex);
	return retval;
}

/**
 *	fill_write_buffer - copy buffer from userspace.
 *	@buffer:	data buffer for file.
 *	@buf:		data from user.
 *	@count:		number of bytes in @userbuf.
 *
 *	Allocate @buffer->page if it hasn't been already, then
 *	copy the user-supplied buffer into it.
 */

static int 
fill_write_buffer(struct sysfs_buffer * buffer, const char __user * buf, size_t count)
{
	int error;

	if (!buffer->page)
		buffer->page = (char *)get_zeroed_page(GFP_KERNEL);
	if (!buffer->page)
		return -ENOMEM;

	if (count >= PAGE_SIZE)
		count = PAGE_SIZE - 1;
	error = copy_from_user(buffer->page,buf,count);
	buffer->needs_read_fill = 1;
	/* if buf is assumed to contain a string, terminate it by \0,
	   so e.g. sscanf() can scan the string easily */
	buffer->page[count] = 0;
	return error ? -EFAULT : count;
}


/**
 *	flush_write_buffer - push buffer to kobject.
 *	@dentry:	dentry to the attribute
 *	@buffer:	data buffer for file.
 *	@count:		number of bytes
 *
 *	Get the correct pointers for the kobject and the attribute we're
 *	dealing with, then call the store() method for the attribute, 
 *	passing the buffer that we acquired in fill_write_buffer().
 */

static int
flush_write_buffer(struct dentry * dentry, struct sysfs_buffer * buffer, size_t count)
{
	struct sysfs_dirent *attr_sd = dentry->d_fsdata;
	struct kobject *kobj = attr_sd->s_parent->s_dir.kobj;
	struct sysfs_ops * ops = buffer->ops;
	int rc;

	/* need attr_sd for attr and ops, its parent for kobj */
	if (!sysfs_get_active_two(attr_sd))
		return -ENODEV;

	rc = ops->store(kobj, attr_sd->s_attr.attr, buffer->page, count);

	sysfs_put_active_two(attr_sd);

	return rc;
}


/**
 *	sysfs_write_file - write an attribute.
 *	@file:	file pointer
 *	@buf:	data to write
 *	@count:	number of bytes
 *	@ppos:	starting offset
 *
 *	Similar to sysfs_read_file(), though working in the opposite direction.
 *	We allocate and fill the data from the user in fill_write_buffer(),
 *	then push it to the kobject in flush_write_buffer().
 *	There is no easy way for us to know if userspace is only doing a partial
 *	write, so we don't support them. We expect the entire buffer to come
 *	on the first write. 
 *	Hint: if you're writing a value, first read the file, modify only the
 *	the value you're changing, then write entire buffer back. 
 */

static ssize_t
sysfs_write_file(struct file *file, const char __user *buf, size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
{
	struct sysfs_buffer * buffer = file->private_data;
	ssize_t len;

	mutex_lock(&buffer->mutex);
	len = fill_write_buffer(buffer, buf, count);
	if (len > 0)
		len = flush_write_buffer(file->f_path.dentry, buffer, len);
	if (len > 0)
		*ppos += len;
	mutex_unlock(&buffer->mutex);
	return len;
}

/**
 *	sysfs_get_open_dirent - get or create sysfs_open_dirent
 *	@sd: target sysfs_dirent
 *	@buffer: sysfs_buffer for this instance of open
 *
 *	If @sd->s_attr.open exists, increment its reference count;
 *	otherwise, create one.  @buffer is chained to the buffers
 *	list.
 *
 *	LOCKING:
 *	Kernel thread context (may sleep).
 *
 *	RETURNS:
 *	0 on success, -errno on failure.
 */
static int sysfs_get_open_dirent(struct sysfs_dirent *sd,
				 struct sysfs_buffer *buffer)
{
	struct sysfs_open_dirent *od, *new_od = NULL;

 retry:
	spin_lock(&sysfs_open_dirent_lock);

	if (!sd->s_attr.open && new_od) {
		sd->s_attr.open = new_od;
		new_od = NULL;
	}

	od = sd->s_attr.open;
	if (od) {
		atomic_inc(&od->refcnt);
		list_add_tail(&buffer->list, &od->buffers);
	}

	spin_unlock(&sysfs_open_dirent_lock);

	if (od) {
		kfree(new_od);
		return 0;
	}

	/* not there, initialize a new one and retry */
	new_od = kmalloc(sizeof(*new_od), GFP_KERNEL);
	if (!new_od)
		return -ENOMEM;

	atomic_set(&new_od->refcnt, 0);
	atomic_set(&new_od->event, 1);
	init_waitqueue_head(&new_od->poll);
	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&new_od->buffers);
	goto retry;
}

/**
 *	sysfs_put_open_dirent - put sysfs_open_dirent
 *	@sd: target sysfs_dirent
 *	@buffer: associated sysfs_buffer
 *
 *	Put @sd->s_attr.open and unlink @buffer from the buffers list.
 *	If reference count reaches zero, disassociate and free it.
 *
 *	LOCKING:
 *	None.
 */
static void sysfs_put_open_dirent(struct sysfs_dirent *sd,
				  struct sysfs_buffer *buffer)
{
	struct sysfs_open_dirent *od = sd->s_attr.open;

	spin_lock(&sysfs_open_dirent_lock);

	list_del(&buffer->list);
	if (atomic_dec_and_test(&od->refcnt))
		sd->s_attr.open = NULL;
	else
		od = NULL;

	spin_unlock(&sysfs_open_dirent_lock);

	kfree(od);
}

static int sysfs_open_file(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
	struct sysfs_dirent *attr_sd = file->f_path.dentry->d_fsdata;
	struct kobject *kobj = attr_sd->s_parent->s_dir.kobj;
	struct sysfs_buffer * buffer;
	struct sysfs_ops * ops = NULL;
	int error;

	/* need attr_sd for attr and ops, its parent for kobj */
	if (!sysfs_get_active_two(attr_sd))
		return -ENODEV;

	/* if the kobject has no ktype, then we assume that it is a subsystem
	 * itself, and use ops for it.