random.c

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		.ctl_name	= RANDOM_ENTROPY_COUNT,
		.procname	= "entropy_avail",
		.maxlen		= sizeof(int),
		.mode		= 0444,
		.proc_handler	= &proc_dointvec,
		.data		= &input_pool.entropy_count,
	},
	{
		.ctl_name	= RANDOM_READ_THRESH,
		.procname	= "read_wakeup_threshold",
		.data		= &random_read_wakeup_thresh,
		.maxlen		= sizeof(int),
		.mode		= 0644,
		.proc_handler	= &proc_dointvec_minmax,
		.strategy	= &sysctl_intvec,
		.extra1		= &min_read_thresh,
		.extra2		= &max_read_thresh,
	},
	{
		.ctl_name	= RANDOM_WRITE_THRESH,
		.procname	= "write_wakeup_threshold",
		.data		= &random_write_wakeup_thresh,
		.maxlen		= sizeof(int),
		.mode		= 0644,
		.proc_handler	= &proc_dointvec_minmax,
		.strategy	= &sysctl_intvec,
		.extra1		= &min_write_thresh,
		.extra2		= &max_write_thresh,
	},
	{
		.ctl_name	= RANDOM_BOOT_ID,
		.procname	= "boot_id",
		.data		= &sysctl_bootid,
		.maxlen		= 16,
		.mode		= 0444,
		.proc_handler	= &proc_do_uuid,
		.strategy	= &uuid_strategy,
	},
	{
		.ctl_name	= RANDOM_UUID,
		.procname	= "uuid",
		.maxlen		= 16,
		.mode		= 0444,
		.proc_handler	= &proc_do_uuid,
		.strategy	= &uuid_strategy,
	},
	{ .ctl_name = 0 }
};
#endif 	/* CONFIG_SYSCTL */

/********************************************************************
 *
 * Random funtions for networking
 *
 ********************************************************************/

/*
 * TCP initial sequence number picking.  This uses the random number
 * generator to pick an initial secret value.  This value is hashed
 * along with the TCP endpoint information to provide a unique
 * starting point for each pair of TCP endpoints.  This defeats
 * attacks which rely on guessing the initial TCP sequence number.
 * This algorithm was suggested by Steve Bellovin.
 *
 * Using a very strong hash was taking an appreciable amount of the total
 * TCP connection establishment time, so this is a weaker hash,
 * compensated for by changing the secret periodically.
 */

/* F, G and H are basic MD4 functions: selection, majority, parity */
#define F(x, y, z) ((z) ^ ((x) & ((y) ^ (z))))
#define G(x, y, z) (((x) & (y)) + (((x) ^ (y)) & (z)))
#define H(x, y, z) ((x) ^ (y) ^ (z))

/*
 * The generic round function.  The application is so specific that
 * we don't bother protecting all the arguments with parens, as is generally
 * good macro practice, in favor of extra legibility.
 * Rotation is separate from addition to prevent recomputation
 */
#define ROUND(f, a, b, c, d, x, s)	\
	(a += f(b, c, d) + x, a = (a << s) | (a >> (32 - s)))
#define K1 0
#define K2 013240474631UL
#define K3 015666365641UL

#if defined(CONFIG_IPV6) || defined(CONFIG_IPV6_MODULE)

static __u32 twothirdsMD4Transform (__u32 const buf[4], __u32 const in[12])
{
	__u32 a = buf[0], b = buf[1], c = buf[2], d = buf[3];

	/* Round 1 */
	ROUND(F, a, b, c, d, in[ 0] + K1,  3);
	ROUND(F, d, a, b, c, in[ 1] + K1,  7);
	ROUND(F, c, d, a, b, in[ 2] + K1, 11);
	ROUND(F, b, c, d, a, in[ 3] + K1, 19);
	ROUND(F, a, b, c, d, in[ 4] + K1,  3);
	ROUND(F, d, a, b, c, in[ 5] + K1,  7);
	ROUND(F, c, d, a, b, in[ 6] + K1, 11);
	ROUND(F, b, c, d, a, in[ 7] + K1, 19);
	ROUND(F, a, b, c, d, in[ 8] + K1,  3);
	ROUND(F, d, a, b, c, in[ 9] + K1,  7);
	ROUND(F, c, d, a, b, in[10] + K1, 11);
	ROUND(F, b, c, d, a, in[11] + K1, 19);

	/* Round 2 */
	ROUND(G, a, b, c, d, in[ 1] + K2,  3);
	ROUND(G, d, a, b, c, in[ 3] + K2,  5);
	ROUND(G, c, d, a, b, in[ 5] + K2,  9);
	ROUND(G, b, c, d, a, in[ 7] + K2, 13);
	ROUND(G, a, b, c, d, in[ 9] + K2,  3);
	ROUND(G, d, a, b, c, in[11] + K2,  5);
	ROUND(G, c, d, a, b, in[ 0] + K2,  9);
	ROUND(G, b, c, d, a, in[ 2] + K2, 13);
	ROUND(G, a, b, c, d, in[ 4] + K2,  3);
	ROUND(G, d, a, b, c, in[ 6] + K2,  5);
	ROUND(G, c, d, a, b, in[ 8] + K2,  9);
	ROUND(G, b, c, d, a, in[10] + K2, 13);

	/* Round 3 */
	ROUND(H, a, b, c, d, in[ 3] + K3,  3);
	ROUND(H, d, a, b, c, in[ 7] + K3,  9);
	ROUND(H, c, d, a, b, in[11] + K3, 11);
	ROUND(H, b, c, d, a, in[ 2] + K3, 15);
	ROUND(H, a, b, c, d, in[ 6] + K3,  3);
	ROUND(H, d, a, b, c, in[10] + K3,  9);
	ROUND(H, c, d, a, b, in[ 1] + K3, 11);
	ROUND(H, b, c, d, a, in[ 5] + K3, 15);
	ROUND(H, a, b, c, d, in[ 9] + K3,  3);
	ROUND(H, d, a, b, c, in[ 0] + K3,  9);
	ROUND(H, c, d, a, b, in[ 4] + K3, 11);
	ROUND(H, b, c, d, a, in[ 8] + K3, 15);

	return buf[1] + b; /* "most hashed" word */
	/* Alternative: return sum of all words? */
}
#endif

#undef ROUND
#undef F
#undef G
#undef H
#undef K1
#undef K2
#undef K3

/* This should not be decreased so low that ISNs wrap too fast. */
#define REKEY_INTERVAL (300 * HZ)
/*
 * Bit layout of the tcp sequence numbers (before adding current time):
 * bit 24-31: increased after every key exchange
 * bit 0-23: hash(source,dest)
 *
 * The implementation is similar to the algorithm described
 * in the Appendix of RFC 1185, except that
 * - it uses a 1 MHz clock instead of a 250 kHz clock
 * - it performs a rekey every 5 minutes, which is equivalent
 * 	to a (source,dest) tulple dependent forward jump of the
 * 	clock by 0..2^(HASH_BITS+1)
 *
 * Thus the average ISN wraparound time is 68 minutes instead of
 * 4.55 hours.
 *
 * SMP cleanup and lock avoidance with poor man's RCU.
 * 			Manfred Spraul <[e-mail]>
 *
 */
#define COUNT_BITS 8
#define COUNT_MASK ((1 << COUNT_BITS) - 1)
#define HASH_BITS 24
#define HASH_MASK ((1 << HASH_BITS) - 1)

static struct keydata {
	__u32 count; /* already shifted to the final position */
	__u32 secret[12];
} ____cacheline_aligned ip_keydata[2];

static unsigned int ip_cnt;

static void rekey_seq_generator(struct work_struct *work);

static DECLARE_DELAYED_WORK(rekey_work, rekey_seq_generator);

/*
 * Lock avoidance:
 * The ISN generation runs lockless - it's just a hash over random data.
 * State changes happen every 5 minutes when the random key is replaced.
 * Synchronization is performed by having two copies of the hash function
 * state and rekey_seq_generator always updates the inactive copy.
 * The copy is then activated by updating ip_cnt.
 * The implementation breaks down if someone blocks the thread
 * that processes SYN requests for more than 5 minutes. Should never
 * happen, and even if that happens only a not perfectly compliant
 * ISN is generated, nothing fatal.
 */
static void rekey_seq_generator(struct work_struct *work)
{
	struct keydata *keyptr = &ip_keydata[1 ^ (ip_cnt & 1)];

	get_random_bytes(keyptr->secret, sizeof(keyptr->secret));
	keyptr->count = (ip_cnt & COUNT_MASK) << HASH_BITS;
	smp_wmb();
	ip_cnt++;
	schedule_delayed_work(&rekey_work, REKEY_INTERVAL);
}

static inline struct keydata *get_keyptr(void)
{
	struct keydata *keyptr = &ip_keydata[ip_cnt & 1];

	smp_rmb();

	return keyptr;
}

static __init int seqgen_init(void)
{
	rekey_seq_generator(NULL);
	return 0;
}
late_initcall(seqgen_init);

#if defined(CONFIG_IPV6) || defined(CONFIG_IPV6_MODULE)
__u32 secure_tcpv6_sequence_number(__be32 *saddr, __be32 *daddr,
				   __be16 sport, __be16 dport)
{
	__u32 seq;
	__u32 hash[12];
	struct keydata *keyptr = get_keyptr();

	/* The procedure is the same as for IPv4, but addresses are longer.
	 * Thus we must use twothirdsMD4Transform.
	 */

	memcpy(hash, saddr, 16);
	hash[4]=((__force u16)sport << 16) + (__force u16)dport;
	memcpy(&hash[5],keyptr->secret,sizeof(__u32) * 7);

	seq = twothirdsMD4Transform((const __u32 *)daddr, hash) & HASH_MASK;
	seq += keyptr->count;

	seq += ktime_to_ns(ktime_get_real());

	return seq;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(secure_tcpv6_sequence_number);
#endif

/*  The code below is shamelessly stolen from secure_tcp_sequence_number().
 *  All blames to Andrey V. Savochkin <[e-mail]>.
 */
__u32 secure_ip_id(__be32 daddr)
{
	struct keydata *keyptr;
	__u32 hash[4];

	keyptr = get_keyptr();

	/*
	 *  Pick a unique starting offset for each IP destination.
	 *  The dest ip address is placed in the starting vector,
	 *  which is then hashed with random data.
	 */
	hash[0] = (__force __u32)daddr;
	hash[1] = keyptr->secret[9];
	hash[2] = keyptr->secret[10];
	hash[3] = keyptr->secret[11];

	return half_md4_transform(hash, keyptr->secret);
}

#ifdef CONFIG_INET

__u32 secure_tcp_sequence_number(__be32 saddr, __be32 daddr,
				 __be16 sport, __be16 dport)
{
	__u32 seq;
	__u32 hash[4];
	struct keydata *keyptr = get_keyptr();

	/*
	 *  Pick a unique starting offset for each TCP connection endpoints
	 *  (saddr, daddr, sport, dport).
	 *  Note that the words are placed into the starting vector, which is
	 *  then mixed with a partial MD4 over random data.
	 */
	hash[0]=(__force u32)saddr;
	hash[1]=(__force u32)daddr;
	hash[2]=((__force u16)sport << 16) + (__force u16)dport;
	hash[3]=keyptr->secret[11];

	seq = half_md4_transform(hash, keyptr->secret) & HASH_MASK;
	seq += keyptr->count;
	/*
	 *	As close as possible to RFC 793, which
	 *	suggests using a 250 kHz clock.
	 *	Further reading shows this assumes 2 Mb/s networks.
	 *	For 10 Mb/s Ethernet, a 1 MHz clock is appropriate.
	 *	For 10 Gb/s Ethernet, a 1 GHz clock should be ok, but
	 *	we also need to limit the resolution so that the u32 seq
	 *	overlaps less than one time per MSL (2 minutes).
	 *	Choosing a clock of 64 ns period is OK. (period of 274 s)
	 */
	seq += ktime_to_ns(ktime_get_real()) >> 6;
#if 0
	printk("init_seq(%lx, %lx, %d, %d) = %d\n",
	       saddr, daddr, sport, dport, seq);
#endif
	return seq;
}

/* Generate secure starting point for ephemeral IPV4 transport port search */
u32 secure_ipv4_port_ephemeral(__be32 saddr, __be32 daddr, __be16 dport)
{
	struct keydata *keyptr = get_keyptr();
	u32 hash[4];

	/*
	 *  Pick a unique starting offset for each ephemeral port search
	 *  (saddr, daddr, dport) and 48bits of random data.
	 */
	hash[0] = (__force u32)saddr;
	hash[1] = (__force u32)daddr;
	hash[2] = (__force u32)dport ^ keyptr->secret[10];
	hash[3] = keyptr->secret[11];

	return half_md4_transform(hash, keyptr->secret);
}

#if defined(CONFIG_IPV6) || defined(CONFIG_IPV6_MODULE)
u32 secure_ipv6_port_ephemeral(const __be32 *saddr, const __be32 *daddr, __be16 dport)
{
	struct keydata *keyptr = get_keyptr();
	u32 hash[12];

	memcpy(hash, saddr, 16);
	hash[4] = (__force u32)dport;
	memcpy(&hash[5],keyptr->secret,sizeof(__u32) * 7);

	return twothirdsMD4Transform((const __u32 *)daddr, hash);
}
#endif

#if defined(CONFIG_IP_DCCP) || defined(CONFIG_IP_DCCP_MODULE)
/* Similar to secure_tcp_sequence_number but generate a 48 bit value
 * bit's 32-47 increase every key exchange
 *       0-31  hash(source, dest)
 */
u64 secure_dccp_sequence_number(__be32 saddr, __be32 daddr,
				__be16 sport, __be16 dport)
{
	u64 seq;
	__u32 hash[4];
	struct keydata *keyptr = get_keyptr();

	hash[0] = (__force u32)saddr;
	hash[1] = (__force u32)daddr;
	hash[2] = ((__force u16)sport << 16) + (__force u16)dport;
	hash[3] = keyptr->secret[11];

	seq = half_md4_transform(hash, keyptr->secret);
	seq |= ((u64)keyptr->count) << (32 - HASH_BITS);

	seq += ktime_to_ns(ktime_get_real());
	seq &= (1ull << 48) - 1;
#if 0
	printk("dccp init_seq(%lx, %lx, %d, %d) = %d\n",
	       saddr, daddr, sport, dport, seq);
#endif
	return seq;
}

EXPORT_SYMBOL(secure_dccp_sequence_number);
#endif

#endif /* CONFIG_INET */


/*
 * Get a random word for internal kernel use only. Similar to urandom but
 * with the goal of minimal entropy pool depletion. As a result, the random
 * value is not cryptographically secure but for several uses the cost of
 * depleting entropy is too high
 */
unsigned int get_random_int(void)
{
	/*
	 * Use IP's RNG. It suits our purpose perfectly: it re-keys itself
	 * every second, from the entropy pool (and thus creates a limited
	 * drain on it), and uses halfMD4Transform within the second. We
	 * also mix it with jiffies and the PID:
	 */
	return secure_ip_id((__force __be32)(current->pid + jiffies));
}

/*
 * randomize_range() returns a start address such that
 *
 *    [...... <range> .....]
 *  start                  end
 *
 * a <range> with size "len" starting at the return value is inside in the
 * area defined by [start, end], but is otherwise randomized.
 */
unsigned long
randomize_range(unsigned long start, unsigned long end, unsigned long len)
{
	unsigned long range = end - len - start;

	if (end <= start + len)
		return 0;
	return PAGE_ALIGN(get_random_int() % range + start);
}