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<div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>Apache模块 mod_dav</h1>
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" bordercolor="#AAAAAA" class="module">
<tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Description">说明</a></th><td>允许Apache提供<a href="http://www.webdav.org/">DAV</a>协议支持</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Status">状态</a></th><td>扩展(E)</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#ModuleIdentifier">模块名</a></th><td>dav_module</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#SourceFile">源文件</a></th><td>mod_dav.c</td></tr>
</table>
<h3>概述</h3>
<p>This module provides class 1 and class 2 <a href="http://www.webdav.org">WebDAV</a> ('Web-based Distributed
Authoring and Versioning') functionality for Apache. This
extension to the HTTP protocol allows creating, moving,
copying, and deleting resources and collections on a remote web
server.</p>
</div>
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="example" id="example">Enabling WebDAV</a></h2>
<p>To enable <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_dav.html">mod_dav</a></code>, add the following to a
container in your <code>httpd.conf</code> file:</p>
<div class="example"><p><code>Dav On</code></p></div>
<p>This enables the DAV file system provider, which is implemented
by the <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_dav_fs.html">mod_dav_fs</a></code> module. Therefore, that module
must be compiled into the server or loaded at runtime using the
<code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_so.html#loadmodule">LoadModule</a></code> directive.</p>
<p>In addition, a location for the DAV lock database must be
specified in the global section of your <code>httpd.conf</code>
file using the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_dav_fs.html#davlockdb">DavLockDB</a></code>
directive:</p>
<div class="example"><p><code>
DavLockDB /usr/local/apache2/var/DavLock
</code></p></div>
<p>The directory containing the lock database file must be
writable by the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mpm_common.html#user">User</a></code>和<code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mpm_common.html#group">Group</a></code> under which
Apache is running.</p>
<p>You may wish to add a <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#limit"><Limit></a></code> clause inside the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#location"><Location></a></code> directive to limit access to
DAV-enabled locations. If you want to set the maximum amount of
bytes that a DAV client can send at one request, you have to use
the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#limitxmlrequestbody">LimitXMLRequestBody</a></code>
directive. The "normal" <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#limitrequestbody">LimitRequestBody</a></code> directive has no effect on DAV
requests.</p>
<div class="example"><h3>Full Example</h3><p><code>
DavLockDB /usr/local/apache2/var/DavLock<br />
<br />
<Location /foo><br />
<span class="indent">
Dav On<br />
<br />
AuthType Basic<br />
AuthName DAV<br />
AuthUserFile user.passwd<br />
<br />
<LimitExcept GET OPTIONS><br />
<span class="indent">
require user admin<br />
</span>
</LimitExcept><br />
</span>
</Location><br />
</code></p></div>
<p><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_dav.html">mod_dav</a></code> is a descendent of Greg Stein's <a href="http://www.webdav.org/mod_dav/">mod_dav for Apache 1.3</a>. More
information about the module is available from that site.</p>
</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="security" id="security">安全问题</a></h2>
<p>Since DAV access methods allow remote clients to manipulate
files on the server, you must take particular care to assure that
your server is secure before enabling <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_dav.html">mod_dav</a></code>.</p>
<p>Any location on the server where DAV is enabled should be
protected by authentication. The use of HTTP Basic Authentication
is not recommended. You should use at least HTTP Digest
Authentication, which is provided by the
<code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_auth_digest.html">mod_auth_digest</a></code> module. Nearly all WebDAV clients
support this authentication method. An alternative is Basic
Authentication over an <a href="../ssl/index.html">SSL</a> enabled
connection.</p>
<p>In order for <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_dav.html">mod_dav</a></code> to manage files, it must
be able to write to the directories and files under its control
using the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mpm_common.html#user">User</a></code>和<code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mpm_common.html#group">Group</a></code> under which
Apache is running. New files created will also be owned by this
<code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mpm_common.html#user">User</a></code>和<code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mpm_common.html#group">Group</a></code>. For this reason, it is
important to control access to this account. The DAV repository
is considered private to Apache; modifying files outside of Apache
(for example using FTP or filesystem-level tools) should not be
allowed.</p>
<p><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_dav.html">mod_dav</a></code> may be subject to various kinds of
denial-of-service attacks. The <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#limitxmlrequestbody">LimitXMLRequestBody</a></code> directive can be
used to limit the amount of memory consumed in parsing large DAV
requests. The <code class="directive"><a href="#davdepthinfinity">DavDepthInfinity</a></code> directive can be
used to prevent <code>PROPFIND</code> requests on a very large
repository from consuming large amounts of memory. Another
possible denial-of-service attack involves a client simply filling
up all available disk space with many large files. There is no
direct way to prevent this in Apache, so you should avoid giving
DAV access to untrusted users.</p>
</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="complex" id="complex">Complex Configurations</a></h2>
<p>One common request is to use <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_dav.html">mod_dav</a></code> to
manipulate dynamic files (PHP scripts, CGI scripts, etc). This is
difficult because a <code>GET</code> request will always run the
script, rather than downloading its contents. One way to avoid
this is to map two different URLs to the content, one of which
will run the script, and one of which will allow it to be
downloaded and manipulated with DAV.</p>
<div class="example"><p><code>
Alias /phparea /home/gstein/php_files<br />
Alias /php-source /home/gstein/php_files<br />
<Location /php-source>
<span class="indent">
DAV On<br />
ForceType text/plain<br />
</span>
</Location>
</code></p></div>
<p>With this setup, <code>http://example.com/phparea</code> can be
used to access the output of the PHP scripts, and
<code>http://example.com/php-source</code> can be used with a DAV
client to manipulate them.</p>
</div>
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="Dav" id="Dav">Dav</a> <a name="dav" id="dav">指令</a></h2>
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" bordercolor="#AAAAAA" class="directive">
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">说明</a></th><td>Enable WebDAV HTTP methods</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">语法</a></th><td><code>Dav On|Off|<var>provider-name</var></code></td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">默认值</a></th><td><code>Dav Off</code></td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">作用域</a></th><td>directory</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">状态</a></th><td>扩展(E)</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">模块</a></th><td>mod_dav</td></tr>
</table>
<p>Use the <code class="directive">Dav</code> directive to enable the
WebDAV HTTP methods for the given container:</p>
<div class="example"><p><code>
<Location /foo><br />
<span class="indent">
Dav On<br />
</span>
</Location>
</code></p></div>
<p>The value <code>On</code> is actually an alias for the default
provider <code>filesystem</code> which is served by the <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_dav_fs.html">mod_dav_fs</a></code> module. Note, that once you have DAV enabled
for some location, it <em>cannot</em> be disabled for sublocations.
For a complete configuration example have a look at the <a href="#example">section above</a>.</p>
<div class="warning">
Do not enable WebDAV until you have secured your server. Otherwise
everyone will be able to distribute files on your system.
</div>
</div>
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="DavDepthInfinity" id="DavDepthInfinity">DavDepthInfinity</a> <a name="davdepthinfinity" id="davdepthinfinity">指令</a></h2>
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" bordercolor="#AAAAAA" class="directive">
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">说明</a></th><td>Allow PROPFIND, Depth: Infinity requests</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">语法</a></th><td><code>DavDepthInfinity on|off</code></td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">默认值</a></th><td><code>DavDepthInfinity off</code></td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">作用域</a></th><td>server config, virtual host, directory</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">状态</a></th><td>扩展(E)</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">模块</a></th><td>mod_dav</td></tr>
</table>
<p>Use the <code class="directive">DavDepthInfinity</code> directive to
allow the processing of <code>PROPFIND</code> requests containing the
header 'Depth: Infinity'. Because this type of request could constitute
a denial-of-service attack, by default it is not allowed.</p>
</div>
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="DavMinTimeout" id="DavMinTimeout">DavMinTimeout</a> <a name="davmintimeout" id="davmintimeout">指令</a></h2>
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" bordercolor="#AAAAAA" class="directive">
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">说明</a></th><td>Minimum amount of time the server holds a lock on
a DAV resource</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">语法</a></th><td><code>DavMinTimeout <var>seconds</var></code></td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">默认值</a></th><td><code>DavMinTimeout 0</code></td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">作用域</a></th><td>server config, virtual host, directory</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">状态</a></th><td>扩展(E)</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">模块</a></th><td>mod_dav</td></tr>
</table>
<p>When a client requests a DAV resource lock, it can also
specify a time when the lock will be automatically removed by
the server. This value is only a request, and the server can
ignore it or inform the client of an arbitrary value.</p>
<p>Use the <code class="directive">DavMinTimeout</code> directive to specify, in
seconds, the minimum lock timeout to return to a client.
Microsoft Web Folders defaults to a timeout of 120 seconds; the
<code class="directive">DavMinTimeout</code> can override this to a higher value
(like 600 seconds) to reduce the chance of the client losing
the lock due to network latency.</p>
<div class="example"><h3>示例</h3><p><code>
<Location /MSWord><br />
<span class="indent">
DavMinTimeout 600<br />
</span>
</Location>
</code></p></div>
</div>
</div>
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<p class="apache">本文允许自由使用、分发、转载，但必须保留译者署名；详见：<a href="../translator_announcement.html#announcement">译者声明</a>。</p>
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