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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta name="generator" content="HTML Tidy, see www.w3.org" /><title>FreeBSD-CURRENT vs. FreeBSD-STABLE</title><meta name="GENERATOR" content="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.7" /><link rel="HOME" title="FreeBSD Handbook" href="index.html" /><link rel="UP" title="The Cutting Edge" href="cutting-edge.html" /><link rel="PREVIOUS" title="The Cutting Edge" href="cutting-edge.html" /><link rel="NEXT" title="Synchronizing Your Source" href="synching.html" /><link rel="STYLESHEET" type="text/css" href="docbook.css" /></head><body class="SECT1" bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084"alink="#0000FF"><div class="NAVHEADER"><table summary="Header navigation table" width="100%" border="0" cellpadding="0"cellspacing="0"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">FreeBSD Handbook</th></tr><tr><td width="10%" align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="cutting-edge.html"accesskey="P">Prev</a></td><td width="80%" align="center" valign="bottom">Chapter 19 The Cutting Edge</td><td width="10%" align="right" valign="bottom"><a href="synching.html"accesskey="N">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr align="LEFT" width="100%" /></div><div class="SECT1"><h1 class="SECT1"><a id="CURRENT-STABLE" name="CURRENT-STABLE">19.2 FreeBSD-CURRENT vs.FreeBSD-STABLE</a></h1><p>There are two development branches to FreeBSD: FreeBSD-CURRENT and FreeBSD-STABLE.This section will explain a bit about each and describe how to keep your systemup-to-date with each respective tree. FreeBSD-CURRENT will be discussed first, thenFreeBSD-STABLE.</p><div class="SECT2"><h2 class="SECT2"><a id="CURRENT" name="CURRENT">19.2.1 Staying Current withFreeBSD</a></h2><p>As you read this, keep in mind that FreeBSD-CURRENT is the ``bleeding edge'' ofFreeBSD development. FreeBSD-CURRENT users are expected to have a high degree oftechnical skill, and should be capable of solving difficult system problems on their own.If you are new to FreeBSD, think twice before installing it.</p><div class="SECT3"><h3 class="SECT3"><a id="AEN27215" name="AEN27215">19.2.1.1 What IsFreeBSD-CURRENT?</a></h3><p>FreeBSD-CURRENT is the latest working sources for FreeBSD. This includes work inprogress, experimental changes, and transitional mechanisms that might or might not bepresent in the next official release of the software. While many FreeBSD developerscompile the FreeBSD-CURRENT source code daily, there are periods of time when the sourcesare not buildable. These problems are resolved as expeditiously as possible, but whetheror not FreeBSD-CURRENT brings disaster or greatly desired functionality can be a matterof which exact moment you grabbed the source code in!</p></div><div class="SECT3"><h3 class="SECT3"><a id="AEN27220" name="AEN27220">19.2.1.2 Who NeedsFreeBSD-CURRENT?</a></h3><p>FreeBSD-CURRENT is made available for 3 primary interest groups:</p><ol type="1"><li><p>Members of the FreeBSD community who are actively working on some part of the sourcetree and for whom keeping ``current'' is an absolute requirement.</p></li><li><p>Members of the FreeBSD community who are active testers, willing to spend time solvingproblems in order to ensure that FreeBSD-CURRENT remains as sane as possible. These arealso people who wish to make topical suggestions on changes and the general direction ofFreeBSD, and submit patches to implement them.</p></li><li><p>Those who merely wish to keep an eye on things, or to use the current sources forreference purposes (e.g. for <span class="emphasis"><iclass="EMPHASIS">reading</i></span>, not running). These people also make the occasionalcomment or contribute code.</p></li></ol></div><div class="SECT3"><h3 class="SECT3"><a id="AEN27232" name="AEN27232">19.2.1.3 What Is FreeBSD-CURRENT <spanclass="emphasis"><i class="EMPHASIS">Not</i></span>?</a></h3><ol type="1"><li><p>A fast-track to getting pre-release bits because you heard there is some cool newfeature in there and you want to be the first on your block to have it. Being the firston the block to get the new feature means that you're the first on the block to get thenew bugs.</p></li><li><p>A quick way of getting bug fixes. Any given version of FreeBSD-CURRENT is just aslikely to introduce new bugs as to fix existing ones.</p></li><li><p>In any way ``officially supported''. We do our best to help people genuinely in one ofthe 3 ``legitimate'' FreeBSD-CURRENT groups, but we simply <span class="emphasis"><iclass="EMPHASIS">do not have the time</i></span> to provide tech support. This is notbecause we are mean and nasty people who do not like helping people out (we would noteven be doing FreeBSD if we were). We simply cannot answer hundreds messages a day <spanclass="emphasis"><i class="EMPHASIS">and</i></span> work on FreeBSD! Given the choicebetween improving FreeBSD and answering lots of questions on experimental code, thedevelopers opt for the former.</p></li></ol></div><div class="SECT3"><h3 class="SECT3"><a id="AEN27246" name="AEN27246">19.2.1.4 UsingFreeBSD-CURRENT</a></h3><ol type="1"><li><p>Join the <a href="http://lists.FreeBSD.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-current"target="_top">freebsd-current</a> and the <ahref="http://lists.FreeBSD.org/mailman/listinfo/cvs-all" target="_top">cvs-all</a> lists.This is not just a good idea, it is <span class="emphasis"><iclass="EMPHASIS">essential</i></span>. If you are not on the <span class="emphasis"><iclass="EMPHASIS"><a href="http://lists.FreeBSD.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-current"target="_top">freebsd-current</a></i></span> list, you will not see the comments thatpeople are making about the current state of the system and thus will probably end upstumbling over a lot of problems that others have already found and solved. Even moreimportantly, you will miss out on important bulletins which may be critical to yoursystem's continued health.</p><p>The <a href="http://lists.FreeBSD.org/mailman/listinfo/cvs-all"target="_top">cvs-all</a> list will allow you to see the commit log entry for each changeas it is made along with any pertinent information on possible side-effects.</p><p>To join these lists, or one of the others available go to <ahref="http://lists.FreeBSD.org/mailman/listinfo"target="_top">http://lists.FreeBSD.org/mailman/listinfo</a> and click on the list thatyou wish to subscribe to. Instructions on the rest of the procedure are availablethere.</p></li><li><p>Grab the sources from a FreeBSD <a href="mirrors.html">mirror site</a>. You can dothis in one of two ways:</p><ol type="a"><li><p>Use the <a href="cvsup.html">cvsup</a> program with the <ttclass="FILENAME">supfile</tt> named <tt class="FILENAME">standard-supfile</tt> availablefrom <tt class="FILENAME">/usr/share/examples/cvsup</tt>. This is the most recommendedmethod, since it allows you to grab the entire collection once and then only what haschanged from then on. Many people run <tt class="COMMAND">cvsup</tt> from <ttclass="COMMAND">cron</tt> and keep their sources up-to-date automatically. You have tocustomize the sample <tt class="FILENAME">supfile</tt> above, and configure <ahref="cvsup.html">cvsup</a> for your environment.</p></li><li><p>Use the <b class="APPLICATION"><a href="ctm.html">CTM</a></b> facility. If you havevery bad connectivity (high price connections or only email access) <bclass="APPLICATION">CTM</b> is an option. However, it is a lot of hassle and can give youbroken files. This leads to it being rarely used, which again increases the chance of itnot working for fairly long periods of time. We recommend using <b class="APPLICATION"><ahref="cvsup.html">CVSup</a></b> for anybody with a 9600 bps modem or fasterconnection.</p></li></ol></li><li><p>If you are grabbing the sources to run, and not just look at, then grab <spanclass="emphasis"><i class="EMPHASIS">all</i></span> of FreeBSD-CURRENT, not just selectedportions. The reason for this is that various parts of the source depend on updateselsewhere, and trying to compile just a subset is almost guaranteed to get you intotrouble.</p><p>Before compiling FreeBSD-CURRENT, read the <tt class="FILENAME">Makefile</tt> in <ttclass="FILENAME">/usr/src</tt> carefully. You should at least <ahref="makeworld.html">install a new kernel and rebuild the world</a> the first time⌨️ 快捷键说明
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