install-post.html

FreeBSD操作系统的详细使用手册

group indicator, etc.)? n
</pre>

<p>Next, we proceed to the configuration for the monitor. Do not exceed the ratings of
your monitor. Damage could occur. If you have any doubts, do the configuration after you
have the information.</p>

<pre class="SCREEN">
Now we want to set the specifications of the monitor. The two critical
parameters are the vertical refresh rate, which is the rate at which the
whole screen is refreshed, and most importantly the horizontal sync rate,
which is the rate at which scanlines are displayed.

The valid range for horizontal sync and vertical sync should be documented
in the manual of your monitor. If in doubt, check the monitor database
/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/doc/Monitors to see if your monitor is there.

Press enter to continue, or ctrl-c to abort.



You must indicate the horizontal sync range of your monitor. You can either
select one of the predefined ranges below that correspond to industry-
standard monitor types, or give a specific range.

It is VERY IMPORTANT that you do not specify a monitor type with a horizontal
sync range that is beyond the capabilities of your monitor. If in doubt,
choose a conservative setting.

    hsync in kHz; monitor type with characteristic modes
 1  31.5; Standard VGA, 640x480 @ 60 Hz
 2  31.5 - 35.1; Super VGA, 800x600 @ 56 Hz
 3  31.5, 35.5; 8514 Compatible, 1024x768 @ 87 Hz interlaced (no 800x600)
 4  31.5, 35.15, 35.5; Super VGA, 1024x768 @ 87 Hz interlaced, 800x600 @ 56 Hz
 5  31.5 - 37.9; Extended Super VGA, 800x600 @ 60 Hz, 640x480 @ 72 Hz
 6  31.5 - 48.5; Non-Interlaced SVGA, 1024x768 @ 60 Hz, 800x600 @ 72 Hz
 7  31.5 - 57.0; High Frequency SVGA, 1024x768 @ 70 Hz
 8  31.5 - 64.3; Monitor that can do 1280x1024 @ 60 Hz
 9  31.5 - 79.0; Monitor that can do 1280x1024 @ 74 Hz
10  31.5 - 82.0; Monitor that can do 1280x1024 @ 76 Hz
11  Enter your own horizontal sync range

Enter your choice (1-11): 6

You must indicate the vertical sync range of your monitor. You can either
select one of the predefined ranges below that correspond to industry-
standard monitor types, or give a specific range. For interlaced modes,
the number that counts is the high one (e.g. 87 Hz rather than 43 Hz).

 1  50-70
 2  50-90
 3  50-100
 4  40-150
 5  Enter your own vertical sync range

Enter your choice: 2

You must now enter a few identification/description strings, namely an
identifier, a vendor name, and a model name. Just pressing enter will fill
in default names.

The strings are free-form, spaces are allowed.
Enter an identifier for your monitor definition: Hitachi
</pre>

<p>The selection of a video card driver from a list is next. If you pass your card on the
list, continue to press <b class="KEYCAP">Enter</b> and the list will repeat. Only an
excerpt from the list is shown:</p>

<pre class="SCREEN">
Now we must configure video card specific settings. At this point you can
choose to make a selection out of a database of video card definitions.
Because there can be variation in Ramdacs and clock generators even
between cards of the same model, it is not sensible to blindly copy
the settings (e.g. a Device section). For this reason, after you make a
selection, you will still be asked about the components of the card, with
the settings from the chosen database entry presented as a strong hint.

The database entries include information about the chipset, what driver to
run, the Ramdac and ClockChip, and comments that will be included in the
Device section. However, a lot of definitions only hint about what driver
to run (based on the chipset the card uses) and are untested.

If you can't find your card in the database, there's nothing to worry about.
You should only choose a database entry that is exactly the same model as
your card; choosing one that looks similar is just a bad idea (e.g. a
GemStone Snail 64 may be as different from a GemStone Snail 64+ in terms of
hardware as can be).

Do you want to look at the card database? y



288  Matrox Millennium G200 8MB                        mgag200
289  Matrox Millennium G200 SD 16MB                    mgag200
290  Matrox Millennium G200 SD 4MB                     mgag200
291  Matrox Millennium G200 SD 8MB                     mgag200
292  Matrox Millennium G400                            mgag400
293  Matrox Millennium II 16MB                         mga2164w
294  Matrox Millennium II 4MB                          mga2164w
295  Matrox Millennium II 8MB                          mga2164w
296  Matrox Mystique                                   mga1064sg
297  Matrox Mystique G200 16MB                         mgag200
298  Matrox Mystique G200 4MB                          mgag200
299  Matrox Mystique G200 8MB                          mgag200
300  Matrox Productiva G100 4MB                        mgag100
301  Matrox Productiva G100 8MB                        mgag100
302  MediaGX                                           mediagx
303  MediaVision Proaxcel 128                          ET6000
304  Mirage Z-128                                      ET6000
305  Miro CRYSTAL VRX                                  Verite 1000

Enter a number to choose the corresponding card definition.
Press enter for the next page, q to continue configuration.

288

Your selected card definition:

Identifier: Matrox Millennium G200 8MB
Chipset:    mgag200
Driver:     mga
Do NOT probe clocks or use any Clocks line.

Press enter to continue, or ctrl-c to abort.



Now you must give information about your video card. This will be used for
the "Device" section of your video card in XF86Config.

You must indicate how much video memory you have. It is probably a good
idea to use the same approximate amount as that detected by the server you
intend to use. If you encounter problems that are due to the used server
not supporting the amount memory you have (e.g. ATI Mach64 is limited to
1024K with the SVGA server), specify the maximum amount supported by the
server.

How much video memory do you have on your video card:

 1  256K
 2  512K
 3  1024K
 4  2048K
 5  4096K
 6  Other

Enter your choice: 6

Amount of video memory in Kbytes: 8192

You must now enter a few identification/description strings, namely an
identifier, a vendor name, and a model name. Just pressing enter will fill
in default names (possibly from a card definition).

Your card definition is Matrox Millennium G200 8MB.

The strings are free-form, spaces are allowed.
Enter an identifier for your video card definition:
</pre>

<p>Next, the video modes are set for the resolutions desired. Typically, useful ranges
are 640x480, 800x600, and 1024x768 but those are a function of video card capability,
monitor size, and eye comfort. When selecting a color depth, select the highest mode that
your card will support.</p>

<pre class="SCREEN">
For each depth, a list of modes (resolutions) is defined. The default
resolution that the server will start-up with will be the first listed
mode that can be supported by the monitor and card.
Currently it is set to:

"640x480" "800x600" "1024x768" "1280x1024" for 8-bit
"640x480" "800x600" "1024x768" "1280x1024" for 16-bit
"640x480" "800x600" "1024x768" "1280x1024" for 24-bit

Modes that cannot be supported due to monitor or clock constraints will
be automatically skipped by the server.

 1  Change the modes for 8-bit (256 colors)
 2  Change the modes for 16-bit (32K/64K colors)
 3  Change the modes for 24-bit (24-bit color)
 4  The modes are OK, continue.

Enter your choice: 2

Select modes from the following list:

 1  "640x400"
 2  "640x480"
 3  "800x600"
 4  "1024x768"
 5  "1280x1024"
 6  "320x200"
 7  "320x240"
 8  "400x300"
 9  "1152x864"
 a  "1600x1200"
 b  "1800x1400"
 c  "512x384"

Please type the digits corresponding to the modes that you want to select.
For example, 432 selects "1024x768" "800x600" "640x480", with a
default mode of 1024x768.

Which modes? 432

You can have a virtual screen (desktop), which is screen area that is larger
than the physical screen and which is panned by moving the mouse to the edge
of the screen. If you don't want virtual desktop at a certain resolution,
you cannot have modes listed that are larger. Each color depth can have a
differently-sized virtual screen

Please answer the following question with either 'y' or 'n'.
Do you want a virtual screen that is larger than the physical screen? n



For each depth, a list of modes (resolutions) is defined. The default
resolution that the server will start-up with will be the first listed
mode that can be supported by the monitor and card.
Currently it is set to:

"640x480" "800x600" "1024x768" "1280x1024" for 8-bit
"1024x768" "800x600" "640x480" for 16-bit
"640x480" "800x600" "1024x768" "1280x1024" for 24-bit

Modes that cannot be supported due to monitor or clock constraints will
be automatically skipped by the server.

 1  Change the modes for 8-bit (256 colors)
 2  Change the modes for 16-bit (32K/64K colors)
 3  Change the modes for 24-bit (24-bit color)
 4  The modes are OK, continue.

Enter your choice: 4



Please specify which color depth you want to use by default:

  1  1 bit (monochrome)                                
  2  4 bits (16 colors)                                
  3  8 bits (256 colors)                               
  4  16 bits (65536 colors)                            
  5  24 bits (16 million colors)                       

Enter a number to choose the default depth.

4
</pre>

<p>Finally, the configuration needs to be saved. Be sure to enter <tt
class="FILENAME">/etc/XF86Config</tt> as the location for saving the configuration.</p>

<pre class="SCREEN">
I am going to write the XF86Config file now. Make sure you don't accidently
overwrite a previously configured one.

Shall I write it to /etc/X11/XF86Config? y
</pre>

<p>If the configuration fails, you can try the configuration again by selecting <span
class="GUIBUTTON">[&nbsp;Yes&nbsp;]</span> when the following message appears:</p>

<pre class="SCREEN">
          User Confirmation Requested
The XFree86 configuration process seems to have
failed.  Would you like to try again?

             [ Yes ]         No
</pre>

<p>If you have trouble configuring <b class="APPLICATION"><span
class="TRADEMARK">XFree86</span></b>, select <span
class="GUIBUTTON">[&nbsp;No&nbsp;]</span> and press <b class="KEYCAP">Enter</b> and
continue with the installation process. After installation you can use <tt
class="COMMAND">xf86cfg -textmode</tt> or <tt class="COMMAND">xf86config</tt> to access
the command line configuration utilities as <tt class="USERNAME">root</tt>. There is an
additional method for configuring <b class="APPLICATION"><span
class="TRADEMARK">XFree86</span></b> described in <a href="x11.html">Chapter 5</a>. If
you choose not to configure <b class="APPLICATION"><span
class="TRADEMARK">XFree86</span></b> at this time the next menu will be for package
selection.</p>

<p>The default setting which allows the server to be killed is the hotkey sequence <b
class="KEYCAP">Ctrl</b>+<b class="KEYCAP">Alt</b>+<b class="KEYCAP">Backspace</b>. This
can be executed if something is wrong with the server settings and prevent hardware
damage.</p>

<p>The default setting that allows video mode switching will permit changing of the mode
while running X with the hotkey sequence <b class="KEYCAP">Ctrl</b>+<b
class="KEYCAP">Alt</b>+<b class="KEYCAP">+</b> or <b class="KEYCAP">Ctrl</b>+<b
class="KEYCAP">Alt</b>+<b class="KEYCAP">-</b>.</p>

<p>After you have <b class="APPLICATION"><span class="TRADEMARK">XFree86</span></b>
running, the display can be adjusted for height, width, or centering by using <b
class="APPLICATION">xvidtune</b>.</p>

<p>There are warnings that improper settings can damage your equipment. Heed them. If in
doubt, do not do it. Instead, use the monitor controls to adjust the display for X
Window. There may be some display differences when switching back to text mode, but it is
better than damaging equipment.</p>

<p>Read the <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=xvidtune&sektion=1&manpath=XFree86+4.4.0"><span
 class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">xvidtune</span>(1)</span></a> manual
page before making any adjustments.</p>

<p>Following a successful <b class="APPLICATION"><span
class="TRADEMARK">XFree86</span></b> configuration, it will proceed to the selection of a
default desktop.</p>
</div>

<div class="SECT2">
<h2 class="SECT2"><a id="DEFAULT-DESKTOP" name="DEFAULT-DESKTOP">2.9.13 Select Default X
Desktop</a></h2>

<p>There are a variety of window managers available. They range from very basic
environments to full desktop envir