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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta name="generator" content="HTML Tidy, see www.w3.org" /><title>Post-installation</title><meta name="GENERATOR" content="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.7" /><link rel="HOME" title="FreeBSD Handbook" href="index.html" /><link rel="UP" title="Installing FreeBSD" href="install.html" /><link rel="PREVIOUS" title="Committing to the Installation"href="install-final-warning.html" /><link rel="NEXT" title="Supported Hardware" href="install-supported-hardware.html" /><link rel="STYLESHEET" type="text/css" href="docbook.css" /></head><body class="SECT1" bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084"alink="#0000FF"><div class="NAVHEADER"><table summary="Header navigation table" width="100%" border="0" cellpadding="0"cellspacing="0"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">FreeBSD Handbook</th></tr><tr><td width="10%" align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="install-final-warning.html"accesskey="P">Prev</a></td><td width="80%" align="center" valign="bottom">Chapter 2 Installing FreeBSD</td><td width="10%" align="right" valign="bottom"><a href="install-supported-hardware.html"accesskey="N">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr align="LEFT" width="100%" /></div><div class="SECT1"><h1 class="SECT1"><a id="INSTALL-POST" name="INSTALL-POST">2.9 Post-installation</a></h1><p>Configuration of various options follows the successful installation. An option can beconfigured by re-entering the configuration options before booting the new FreeBSD systemor after installation using <tt class="COMMAND">/stand/sysinstall</tt> and selecting<span class="GUIMENUITEM">Configure</span>.</p><div class="SECT2"><h2 class="SECT2"><a id="INST-NETWORK-DEV" name="INST-NETWORK-DEV">2.9.1 Network DeviceConfiguration</a></h2><p>If you previously configured PPP for an FTP install, this screen will not display andcan be configured later as described above.</p><p>For detailed information on Local Area Networks and configuring FreeBSD as agateway/router refer to the <a href="advanced-networking.html">Advanced Networking</a>chapter.</p><pre class="SCREEN"> User Confirmation Requested Would you like to configure any Ethernet or SLIP/PPP network devices? [ Yes ] No</pre><p>To configure a network device, select <span class="GUIBUTTON">[ Yes ]</span>and press <b class="KEYCAP">Enter</b>. Otherwise, select <spanclass="GUIBUTTON">[ No ]</span> to continue.</p><div class="FIGURE"><a id="ED-CONFIG1" name="ED-CONFIG1"></a><p><b>Figure 2-31. Selecting an Ethernet Device</b></p><p><img src="install/ed0-conf.png" /></p></div><p>Select the interface to be configured with the arrow keys and press <bclass="KEYCAP">Enter</b>.</p><pre class="SCREEN"> User Confirmation Requested Do you want to try IPv6 configuration of the interface? Yes [ No ]</pre><p>In this private local area network, the current Internet type protocol (<acronymclass="ACRONYM">IPv4</acronym>) was sufficient and <spanclass="GUIBUTTON">[ No ]</span> was selected with the arrow keys and <bclass="KEYCAP">Enter</b> pressed.</p><p>If you are connected to an existing <acronym class="ACRONYM">IPv6</acronym> networkwith an <acronym class="ACRONYM">RA</acronym> server, then choose <spanclass="GUIBUTTON">[ Yes ]</span> and press <b class="KEYCAP">Enter</b>. It willtake several seconds to scan for RA servers.</p><pre class="SCREEN"> User Confirmation Requested Do you want to try DHCP configuration of the interface? Yes [ No ]</pre><p>If DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) is not required select <spanclass="GUIBUTTON">[ No ]</span> with the arrow keys and press <bclass="KEYCAP">Enter</b>.</p><p>Selecting <span class="GUIBUTTON">[ Yes ]</span> will execute <bclass="APPLICATION">dhclient</b>, and if successful, will fill in the networkconfiguration information automatically. Refer to <a href="network-dhcp.html">Section23.5</a> for more information.</p><p>The following Network Configuration screen shows the configuration of the Ethernetdevice for a system that will act as the gateway for a Local Area Network.</p><div class="FIGURE"><a id="ED-CONFIG2" name="ED-CONFIG2"></a><p><b>Figure 2-32. Set Network Configuration for ed0</b></p><p><img src="install/ed0-conf2.png" /></p></div><p>Use <b class="KEYCAP">Tab</b> to select the information fields and fill in appropriateinformation:</p><div class="VARIABLELIST"><dl><dt>Host</dt><dd><p>The fully-qualified hostname, such as <tt class="HOSTID">k6-2.example.com</tt> in thiscase.</p></dd><dt>Domain</dt><dd><p>The name of the domain that your machine is in, such as <ttclass="HOSTID">example.com</tt> for this case.</p></dd><dt>IPv4 Gateway</dt><dd><p>IP address of host forwarding packets to non-local destinations. You must fill this inif the machine is a node on the network. <span class="emphasis"><i class="EMPHASIS">Leavethis field blank</i></span> if the machine is the gateway to the Internet for thenetwork. The IPv4 Gateway is also known as the default gateway or default route.</p></dd><dt>Name server</dt><dd><p>IP address of your local DNS server. There is no local DNS server on this privatelocal area network so the IP address of the provider's DNS server (<ttclass="HOSTID">208.163.10.2</tt>) was used.</p></dd><dt>IPv4 address</dt><dd><p>The IP address to be used for this interface was <ttclass="HOSTID">192.168.0.1</tt></p></dd><dt>Netmask</dt><dd><p>The address block being used for this local area network is a Class C block (<ttclass="HOSTID">192.168.0.0</tt> - <tt class="HOSTID">192.168.255.255</tt>). The defaultnetmask is for a Class C network (<tt class="HOSTID">255.255.255.0</tt>).</p></dd><dt>Extra options to ifconfig</dt><dd><p>Any interface-specific options to <tt class="COMMAND">ifconfig</tt> you would like toadd. There were none in this case.</p></dd></dl></div><p>Use <b class="KEYCAP">Tab</b> to select <spanclass="GUIBUTTON">[ OK ]</span> when finished and press <bclass="KEYCAP">Enter</b>.</p><pre class="SCREEN"> User Confirmation Requested Would you like to Bring Up the ed0 interface right now? [ Yes ] No</pre><p>Choosing <span class="GUIBUTTON">[ Yes ]</span> and pressing <bclass="KEYCAP">Enter</b> will bring the machine up on the network and be ready for use.However, this does not accomplish much during installation, since the machine still needsto be rebooted.</p></div><div class="SECT2"><h2 class="SECT2"><a id="GATEWAY" name="GATEWAY">2.9.2 Configure Gateway</a></h2><pre class="SCREEN"> User Confirmation Requested Do you want this machine to function as a network gateway? [ Yes ] No</pre><p>If the machine will be acting as the gateway for a local area network and forwardingpackets between other machines then select <spanclass="GUIBUTTON">[ Yes ]</span> and press <b class="KEYCAP">Enter</b>. If themachine is a node on a network then select <spanclass="GUIBUTTON">[ No ]</span> and press <b class="KEYCAP">Enter</b> tocontinue.</p></div><div class="SECT2"><h2 class="SECT2"><a id="INETD-SERVICES" name="INETD-SERVICES">2.9.3 Configure InternetServices</a></h2><pre class="SCREEN"> User Confirmation RequestedDo you want to configure inetd and the network services that it provides? Yes [ No ]</pre><p>If <span class="GUIBUTTON">[ No ]</span> is selected, various services such<b class="APPLICATION">telnetd</b> will not be enabled. This means that remote users willnot be able to <b class="APPLICATION">telnet</b> into this machine. Local users will bestill be able to access remote machines with <b class="APPLICATION">telnet</b>.</p><p>These services can be enabled after installation by editing <ttclass="FILENAME">/etc/inetd.conf</tt> with your favorite text editor. See <ahref="network-inetd.html#NETWORK-INETD-OVERVIEW">Section 23.2.1</a> for moreinformation.</p><p>Select <span class="GUIBUTTON">[ Yes ]</span> if you wish to configure theseservices during install. An additional confirmation will display:</p><pre class="SCREEN"> User Confirmation RequestedThe Internet Super Server (inetd) allows a number of simple Internetservices to be enabled, including finger, ftp and telnetd. Enablingthese services may increase risk of security problems by increasingthe exposure of your system.With this in mind, do you wish to enable inetd? [ Yes ] No</pre><p>Select <span class="GUIBUTTON">[ Yes ]</span> to continue.</p><pre class="SCREEN"> User Confirmation Requestedinetd(8) relies on its configuration file, /etc/inetd.conf, to determinewhich of its Internet services will be available. The default FreeBSDinetd.conf(5) leaves all services disabled by default, so they must bespecifically enabled in the configuration file before they willfunction, even once inetd(8) is enabled. Note that services forIPv6 must be separately enabled from IPv4 services.Select [Yes] now to invoke an editor on /etc/inetd.conf, or [No] touse the current settings. [ Yes ] No</pre><p>Selecting <span class="GUIBUTTON">[ Yes ]</span> will allow adding servicesby deleting the <var class="LITERAL">#</var> at the beginning of a line.</p><div class="FIGURE"><a id="INETD-EDIT" name="INETD-EDIT"></a><p><b>Figure 2-33. Editing <tt class="FILENAME">inetd.conf</tt></b></p><p><img src="install/edit-inetd-conf.png" /></p></div><p>After adding the desired services, pressing <b class="KEYCAP">Esc</b> will display amenu which will allow exiting and saving the changes.</p></div><div class="SECT2"><h2 class="SECT2"><a id="FTPANON" name="FTPANON">2.9.4 Anonymous FTP</a></h2><pre class="SCREEN"> User Confirmation Requested Do you want to have anonymous FTP access to this machine? Yes [ No ]</pre><div class="SECT3"><h3 class="SECT3"><a id="DENY-ANON" name="DENY-ANON">2.9.4.1 Deny Anonymous FTP</a></h3><p>Selecting the default <span class="GUIBUTTON">[ No ]</span> and pressing <bclass="KEYCAP">Enter</b> will still allow users who have accounts with passwords to useFTP to access the machine.</p></div><div class="SECT3"><h3 class="SECT3"><a id="FTPALLOW" name="FTPALLOW">2.9.4.2 Allow Anonymous FTP</a></h3><p>Anyone can access your machine if you elect to allow anonymous FTP connections. Thesecurity implications should be considered before enabling this option. For moreinformation about security see <a href="security.html">Chapter 14</a>.</p><p>To allow anonymous FTP, use the arrow keys to select <spanclass="GUIBUTTON">[ Yes ]</span> and press <b class="KEYCAP">Enter</b>. Thefollowing screen (or similar) will display:</p><div class="FIGURE"><a id="ANON-FTP2" name="ANON-FTP2"></a><p><b>Figure 2-34. Default Anonymous FTP Configuration</b></p><p><img src="install/ftp-anon1.png" /></p></div><p>Pressing <b class="KEYCAP">F1</b> will display the help:</p><pre class="SCREEN">This screen allows you to configure the anonymous FTP user.The following configuration values are editable:UID: The user ID you wish to assign to the anonymous FTP user.⌨️ 快捷键说明
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