x-fonts.html

FreeBSD操作系统的详细使用手册

are properly closed. The file begins with the usual XML header followed by a DOCTYPE
definition, and then the <var class="LITERAL">&lt;fontconfig&gt;</var> tag:</p>

<pre class="PROGRAMLISTING">
      &lt;?xml version="1.0"?&gt;
      &lt;!DOCTYPE fontconfig SYSTEM "fonts.dtd"&gt;
      &lt;fontconfig&gt;
   
</pre>

<p>As previously stated, all fonts in <tt class="FILENAME">/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/</tt>
as well as <tt class="FILENAME">~/.fonts/</tt> are already made available to Xft-aware
applications. If you wish to add another directory outside of these two directory trees,
add a line similar to the following to <tt
class="FILENAME">/usr/X11R6/etc/fonts/local.conf</tt>:</p>

<pre class="PROGRAMLISTING">
&lt;dir&gt;/path/to/my/fonts&lt;/dir&gt;
</pre>

<p>After adding new fonts, and especially new font directories, you should run the
following command to rebuild the font caches:</p>

<pre class="SCREEN">
<samp class="PROMPT">#</samp> <kbd class="USERINPUT">fc-cache -f</kbd>
</pre>

<p>Anti-aliasing makes borders slightly fuzzy, which makes very small text more readable
and removes ``staircases'' from large text, but can cause eyestrain if applied to normal
text. To exclude font sizes smaller than 14 point from anti-aliasing, include these
lines:</p>

<pre class="PROGRAMLISTING">
        &lt;match target="font"&gt;
            &lt;test name="size" compare="less"&gt;
                &lt;double&gt;14&lt;/double&gt;
            &lt;/test&gt;
            &lt;edit name="antialias" mode="assign"&gt;
                &lt;bool&gt;false&lt;/bool&gt;
            &lt;/edit&gt;
        &lt;/match&gt;
        &lt;match target="font"&gt;
            &lt;test name="pixelsize" compare="less" qual="any"&gt;
                &lt;double&gt;14&lt;/double&gt;
            &lt;/test&gt;
            &lt;edit mode="assign" name="antialias"&gt;
                &lt;bool&gt;false&lt;/bool&gt;
            &lt;/edit&gt;
        &lt;/match&gt;
</pre>

<p>Spacing for some monospaced fonts may also be inappropriate with anti-aliasing. This
seems to be an issue with <b class="APPLICATION">KDE</b>, in particular. One possible fix
for this is to force the spacing for such fonts to be 100. Add the following lines:</p>

<pre class="PROGRAMLISTING">
       &lt;match target="pattern" name="family"&gt;
           &lt;test qual="any" name="family"&gt;
               &lt;string&gt;fixed&lt;/string&gt;
           &lt;/test&gt;
           &lt;edit name="family" mode="assign"&gt;
               &lt;string&gt;mono&lt;/string&gt;
           &lt;/edit&gt;
        &lt;/match&gt;
        &lt;match target="pattern" name="family"&gt;
            &lt;test qual="any" name="family"&gt;
                &lt;string&gt;console&lt;/string&gt;
            &lt;/test&gt;
            &lt;edit name="family" mode="assign"&gt;
                &lt;string&gt;mono&lt;/string&gt;
            &lt;/edit&gt;
        &lt;/match&gt;
</pre>

<p>(this aliases the other common names for fixed fonts as <var
class="LITERAL">"mono"</var>), and then add:</p>

<pre class="PROGRAMLISTING">
         &lt;match target="pattern" name="family"&gt;
             &lt;test qual="any" name="family"&gt;
                 &lt;string&gt;mono&lt;/string&gt;
             &lt;/test&gt;
             &lt;edit name="spacing" mode="assign"&gt;
                 &lt;int&gt;100&lt;/int&gt;
             &lt;/edit&gt;
         &lt;/match&gt;     
</pre>

<p>Certain fonts, such as Helvetica, may have a problem when anti-aliased. Usually this
manifests itself as a font that seems cut in half vertically. At worst, it may cause
applications such as <b class="APPLICATION">Mozilla</b> to crash. To avoid this, consider
adding the following to <tt class="FILENAME">local.conf</tt>:</p>

<pre class="PROGRAMLISTING">
         &lt;match target="pattern" name="family"&gt;
             &lt;test qual="any" name="family"&gt;
                 &lt;string&gt;Helvetica&lt;/string&gt;
             &lt;/test&gt;
             &lt;edit name="family" mode="assign"&gt;
                 &lt;string&gt;sans-serif&lt;/string&gt;
             &lt;/edit&gt;
         &lt;/match&gt;       
</pre>

<p>Once you have finished editing <tt class="FILENAME">local.conf</tt> make sure you end
the file with the <var class="LITERAL">&lt;/fontconfig&gt;</var> tag. Not doing this will
cause your changes to be ignored.</p>

<p>The default font set that comes with X11 is not very desirable when it comes to
anti-aliasing. A much better set of default fonts can be found in the <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/url.cgi?ports/x11-fonts/bitstream-vera/pkg-descr"><tt
class="FILENAME">x11-fonts/bitstream-vera</tt></a> port. This port will install a <tt
class="FILENAME">/usr/X11R6/etc/fonts/local.conf</tt> file if one does not exist already.
If the file does exist, the port will create a <tt
class="FILENAME">/usr/X11R6/etc/fonts/local.conf-vera</tt> file. Merge the contents of
this file into <tt class="FILENAME">/usr/X11R6/etc/fonts/local.conf</tt>, and the
Bitstream fonts will automatically replace the default X11 Serif, Sans Serif, and
Monospaced fonts.</p>

<p>Finally, users can add their own settings via their personal <tt
class="FILENAME">.fonts.conf</tt> files. To do this, each user should simply create a <tt
class="FILENAME">~/.fonts.conf</tt>. This file must also be in XML format.</p>

<p>One last point: with an LCD screen, sub-pixel sampling may be desired. This basically
treats the (horizontally separated) red, green and blue components separately to improve
the horizontal resolution; the results can be dramatic. To enable this, add the line
somewhere in the <tt class="FILENAME">local.conf</tt> file:</p>

<pre class="PROGRAMLISTING">
         &lt;match target="font"&gt;
             &lt;test qual="all" name="rgba"&gt;
                 &lt;const&gt;unknown&lt;/const&gt;
             &lt;/test&gt;
             &lt;edit name="rgba" mode="assign"&gt;
                 &lt;const&gt;rgb&lt;/const&gt;
             &lt;/edit&gt;
         &lt;/match&gt;
      
</pre>

<div class="NOTE">
<blockquote class="NOTE">
<p><b>Note:</b> Depending on the sort of display, <var class="LITERAL">rgb</var> may need
to be changed to <var class="LITERAL">bgr</var>, <var class="LITERAL">vrgb</var> or <var
class="LITERAL">vbgr</var>: experiment and see which works best.</p>
</blockquote>
</div>

<p>Anti-aliasing should be enabled the next time the X server is started. However,
programs must know how to take advantage of it. At present, the Qt toolkit does, so the
entire <b class="APPLICATION">KDE</b> environment can use anti-aliased fonts (see <a
href="x11-wm.html#X11-WM-KDE-ANTIALIAS">Section 5.7.3.2</a> on <b
class="APPLICATION">KDE</b> for details). GTK+ and <b class="APPLICATION">GNOME</b> can
also be made to use anti-aliasing via the ``Font'' capplet (see <a
href="x11-wm.html#X11-WM-GNOME-ANTIALIAS">Section 5.7.1.3</a> for details). By default,
<b class="APPLICATION">Mozilla</b> 1.2 and greater will automatically use anti-aliasing.
To disable this, rebuild <b class="APPLICATION">Mozilla</b> with the <tt
class="MAKEVAR">-DWITHOUT_XFT</tt> flag.</p>
</div>
</div>

<div class="NAVFOOTER">
<hr align="LEFT" width="100%" />
<table summary="Footer navigation table" width="100%" border="0" cellpadding="0"
cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td width="33%" align="left" valign="top"><a href="x-config.html"
accesskey="P">Prev</a></td>
<td width="34%" align="center" valign="top"><a href="index.html"
accesskey="H">Home</a></td>
<td width="33%" align="right" valign="top"><a href="x-xdm.html"
accesskey="N">Next</a></td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td width="33%" align="left" valign="top">X11 Configuration</td>
<td width="34%" align="center" valign="top"><a href="x11.html" accesskey="U">Up</a></td>
<td width="33%" align="right" valign="top">The X Display Manager</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>

<p align="center"><small>This, and other documents, can be downloaded from <a
href="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/doc/">ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/doc/</a>.</small></p>

<p align="center"><small>For questions about FreeBSD, read the <a
href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/docs.html">documentation</a> before contacting &#60;<a
href="mailto:[e-mail]">[e-mail]</a>&#62;.<br />
For questions about this documentation, e-mail &#60;<a
href="mailto:[e-mail]">[e-mail]</a>&#62;.</small></p>
</body>
</html>