📄 ctm.html
字号:
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta name="generator" content="HTML Tidy, see www.w3.org" /><title>Using CTM</title><meta name="GENERATOR" content="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.7" /><link rel="HOME" title="FreeBSD Handbook" href="index.html" /><link rel="UP" title="Obtaining FreeBSD" href="mirrors.html" /><link rel="PREVIOUS" title="Anonymous CVS" href="anoncvs.html" /><link rel="NEXT" title="Using CVSup" href="cvsup.html" /><link rel="STYLESHEET" type="text/css" href="docbook.css" /></head><body class="SECT1" bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084"alink="#0000FF"><div class="NAVHEADER"><table summary="Header navigation table" width="100%" border="0" cellpadding="0"cellspacing="0"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">FreeBSD Handbook</th></tr><tr><td width="10%" align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="anoncvs.html"accesskey="P">Prev</a></td><td width="80%" align="center" valign="bottom">Appendix A. Obtaining FreeBSD</td><td width="10%" align="right" valign="bottom"><a href="cvsup.html"accesskey="N">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr align="LEFT" width="100%" /></div><div class="SECT1"><h1 class="SECT1"><a id="CTM" name="CTM">A.4 Using CTM</a></h1><p><b class="APPLICATION">CTM</b> is a method for keeping a remote directory tree in syncwith a central one. It has been developed for usage with FreeBSD's source trees, thoughother people may find it useful for other purposes as time goes by. Little, if any,documentation currently exists at this time on the process of creating deltas, so contactthe <a href="http://lists.FreeBSD.org/mailman/listinfo/ctm-users"target="_top">ctm-users</a> mailing list for more information and if you wish to use <bclass="APPLICATION">CTM</b> for other things.</p><div class="SECT2"><h2 class="SECT2"><a id="AEN39657" name="AEN39657">A.4.1 Why Should I Use <bclass="APPLICATION">CTM</b>?</a></h2><p><b class="APPLICATION">CTM</b> will give you a local copy of the FreeBSD source trees.There are a number of ``flavors'' of the tree available. Whether you wish to track theentire CVS tree or just one of the branches, <b class="APPLICATION">CTM</b> can provideyou the information. If you are an active developer on FreeBSD, but have lousy ornon-existent TCP/IP connectivity, or simply wish to have the changes automatically sentto you, <b class="APPLICATION">CTM</b> was made for you. You will need to obtain up tothree deltas per day for the most active branches. However, you should consider havingthem sent by automatic email. The sizes of the updates are always kept as small aspossible. This is typically less than 5K, with an occasional (one in ten) being 10-50Kand every now and then a large 100K+ or more coming around.</p><p>You will also need to make yourself aware of the various caveats related to workingdirectly from the development sources rather than a pre-packaged release. This isparticularly true if you choose the ``current'' sources. It is recommended that you read<a href="current-stable.html#CURRENT">Staying current with FreeBSD</a>.</p></div><div class="SECT2"><h2 class="SECT2"><a id="AEN39668" name="AEN39668">A.4.2 What Do I Need to Use <bclass="APPLICATION">CTM</b>?</a></h2><p>You will need two things: The <b class="APPLICATION">CTM</b> program, and the initialdeltas to feed it (to get up to ``current'' levels).</p><p>The <b class="APPLICATION">CTM</b> program has been part of FreeBSD ever since version2.0 was released, and lives in <tt class="FILENAME">/usr/src/usr.sbin/ctm</tt> if youhave a copy of the source available.</p><p>If you are running a pre-2.0 version of FreeBSD, you can fetch the current <bclass="APPLICATION">CTM</b> sources directly from:</p><p><a href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/cvsweb.cgi/src/usr.sbin/ctm/"target="_top">http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/cvsweb.cgi/src/usr.sbin/ctm/</a></p><p>The ``deltas'' you feed <b class="APPLICATION">CTM</b> can be had two ways, FTP oremail. If you have general FTP access to the Internet then the following FTP sitessupport access to <b class="APPLICATION">CTM</b>:</p><p><a href="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/CTM/"target="_top">ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/CTM/</a></p><p>or see section <a href="ctm.html#MIRRORS-CTM">mirrors</a>.</p><p>FTP the relevant directory and fetch the <tt class="FILENAME">README</tt> file,starting from there.</p><p>If you wish to get your deltas via email:</p><p>Subscribe to one of the <b class="APPLICATION">CTM</b> distribution lists. <ahref="http://lists.FreeBSD.org/mailman/listinfo/ctm-cvs-cur"target="_top">ctm-cvs-cur</a> supports the entire CVS tree. <ahref="http://lists.FreeBSD.org/mailman/listinfo/ctm-src-cur"target="_top">ctm-src-cur</a> supports the head of the development branch. <ahref="http://lists.FreeBSD.org/mailman/listinfo/ctm-src-4" target="_top">ctm-src-4</a>supports the 4.X release branch, etc.. (If you do not know how to subscribe yourself to alist, click on the list name above or go to <ahref="http://lists.FreeBSD.org/mailman/listinfo"target="_top">http://lists.FreeBSD.org/mailman/listinfo</a> and click on the list thatyou wish to subscribe to. The list page should contain all of the necessary subscriptioninstructions.)</p><p>When you begin receiving your <b class="APPLICATION">CTM</b> updates in the mail, youmay use the <tt class="COMMAND">ctm_rmail</tt> program to unpack and apply them. You canactually use the <tt class="COMMAND">ctm_rmail</tt> program directly from a entry in <ttclass="FILENAME">/etc/aliases</tt> if you want to have the process run in a fullyautomated fashion. Check the <tt class="COMMAND">ctm_rmail</tt> manual page for moredetails.</p><div class="NOTE"><blockquote class="NOTE"><p><b>Note:</b> No matter what method you use to get the <b class="APPLICATION">CTM</b>deltas, you should subscribe to the <ahref="http://lists.FreeBSD.org/mailman/listinfo/ctm-announce"target="_top">ctm-announce</a> mailing list. In the future, this will be the only placewhere announcements concerning the operations of the <b class="APPLICATION">CTM</b>system will be posted. Click on the list name above and follow the instructions tosubscribe to the list.</p></blockquote></div></div><div class="SECT2"><h2 class="SECT2"><a id="AEN39709" name="AEN39709">A.4.3 Using <bclass="APPLICATION">CTM</b> for the First Time</a></h2><p>Before you can start using <b class="APPLICATION">CTM</b> deltas, you will need to getto a starting point for the deltas produced subsequently to it.</p><p>First you should determine what you already have. Everyone can start from an ``empty''directory. You must use an initial ``Empty'' delta to start off your <bclass="APPLICATION">CTM</b> supported tree. At some point it is intended that one ofthese ``started'' deltas be distributed on the CD for your convenience, however, thisdoes not currently happen.</p><p>Since the trees are many tens of megabytes, you should prefer to start from somethingalready at hand. If you have a -RELEASE CD, you can copy or extract an initial sourcefrom it. This will save a significant transfer of data.</p><p>You can recognize these ``starter'' deltas by the <var class="LITERAL">X</var>appended to the number (<tt class="FILENAME">src-cur.3210XEmpty.gz</tt> for instance).The designation following the <var class="LITERAL">X</var> corresponds to the origin ofyour initial ``seed''. <tt class="FILENAME">Empty</tt> is an empty directory. As a rule abase transition from <var class="LITERAL">Empty</var> is produced every 100 deltas. Bythe way, they are large! 70 to 80 Megabytes of <tt class="COMMAND">gzip</tt>'d data iscommon for the <tt class="FILENAME">XEmpty</tt> deltas.</p><p>Once you have picked a base delta to start from, you will also need all deltas withhigher numbers following it.</p></div><div class="SECT2"><h2 class="SECT2"><a id="AEN39731" name="AEN39731">A.4.4 Using <bclass="APPLICATION">CTM</b> in Your Daily Life</a></h2><p>To apply the deltas, simply say:</p><pre class="SCREEN"><samp class="PROMPT">#</samp> <kbdclass="USERINPUT">cd /where/ever/you/want/the/stuff</kbd><samp class="PROMPT">#</samp> <kbdclass="USERINPUT">ctm -v -v /where/you/store/your/deltas/src-xxx.*</kbd></pre><p><b class="APPLICATION">CTM</b> understands deltas which have been put through <ttclass="COMMAND">gzip</tt>, so you do not need to <tt class="COMMAND">gunzip</tt> themfirst, this saves disk space.</p><p>Unless it feels very secure about the entire process, <b class="APPLICATION">CTM</b>will not touch your tree. To verify a delta you can also use the <varclass="OPTION">-c</var> flag and <b class="APPLICATION">CTM</b> will not actually touchyour tree; it will merely verify the integrity of the delta and see if it would applycleanly to your current tree.</p><p>There are other options to <b class="APPLICATION">CTM</b> as well, see the manualpages or look in the sources for more information.</p><p>That is really all there is to it. Every time you get a new delta, just run it through<b class="APPLICATION">CTM</b> to keep your sources up to date.</p><p>Do not remove the deltas if they are hard to download again. You just might want tokeep them around in case something bad happens. Even if you only have floppy disks,consider using <tt class="COMMAND">fdwrite</tt> to make a copy.</p></div><div class="SECT2"><h2 class="SECT2"><a id="AEN39754" name="AEN39754">A.4.5 Keeping Your LocalChanges</a></h2>⌨️ 快捷键说明
复制代码
Ctrl + C
搜索代码
Ctrl + F
全屏模式
F11
切换主题
Ctrl + Shift + D
显示快捷键
?
增大字号
Ctrl + =
减小字号
Ctrl + -