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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta name="generator" content="HTML Tidy, see www.w3.org" /><title>The FreeBSD Booting Process</title><meta name="GENERATOR" content="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.7" /><link rel="HOME" title="FreeBSD Handbook" href="index.html" /><link rel="UP" title="System Administration" href="system-administration.html" /><link rel="PREVIOUS" title="Using and Debugging FreeBSD ACPI" href="acpi-debug.html" /><link rel="NEXT" title="The Booting Problem" href="boot-introduction.html" /><link rel="STYLESHEET" type="text/css" href="docbook.css" /></head><body class="CHAPTER" bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084"alink="#0000FF"><div class="NAVHEADER"><table summary="Header navigation table" width="100%" border="0" cellpadding="0"cellspacing="0"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">FreeBSD Handbook</th></tr><tr><td width="10%" align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="acpi-debug.html"accesskey="P">Prev</a></td><td width="80%" align="center" valign="bottom"></td><td width="10%" align="right" valign="bottom"><a href="boot-introduction.html"accesskey="N">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr align="LEFT" width="100%" /></div><div class="CHAPTER"><h1><a id="BOOT" name="BOOT"></a>Chapter 12 The FreeBSD Booting Process</h1><div class="TOC"><dl><dt><b>Table of Contents</b></dt><dt>12.1 <a href="boot.html#BOOT-SYNOPSIS">Synopsis</a></dt><dt>12.2 <a href="boot-introduction.html">The Booting Problem</a></dt><dt>12.3 <a href="boot-blocks.html">The MBR, and Boot Stages One, Two, and Three</a></dt><dt>12.4 <a href="boot-kernel.html">Kernel Interaction During Boot</a></dt><dt>12.5 <a href="device-hints.html">Device Hints</a></dt><dt>12.6 <a href="boot-init.html">Init: Process Control Initialization</a></dt><dt>12.7 <a href="boot-shutdown.html">Shutdown Sequence</a></dt></dl></div><div class="SECT1"><h1 class="SECT1"><a id="BOOT-SYNOPSIS" name="BOOT-SYNOPSIS">12.1 Synopsis</a></h1><p>The process of starting a computer and loading the operating system is referred to as``the bootstrap process'', or simply ``booting''. FreeBSD's boot process provides a greatdeal of flexibility in customizing what happens when you start the system, allowing youto select from different operating systems installed on the same computer, or evendifferent versions of the same operating system or installed kernel.</p><p>This chapter details the configuration options you can set and how to customize theFreeBSD boot process. This includes everything that happens until the FreeBSD kernel hasstarted, probed for devices, and started <ahref="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=init&sektion=8"><spanclass="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">init</span>(8)</span></a>. If you arenot quite sure when this happens, it occurs when the text color changes from bright whiteto grey.</p><p>After reading this chapter, you will know:</p><ul><li><p>What the components of the FreeBSD bootstrap system are, and how they interact.</p></li><li><p>The options you can give to the components in the FreeBSD bootstrap to control theboot process.</p></li><li><p>The basics of <ahref="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=device.hints&sektion=5&manpath=FreeBSD+6-current"><span class="CITEREFENTRY"><spanclass="REFENTRYTITLE">device.hints</span>(5)</span></a>.</p></li></ul><div class="NOTE"><blockquote class="NOTE"><p><b>x86 Only:</b> This chapter only describes the boot process for FreeBSD running onIntel x86 systems.</p></blockquote></div></div></div><div class="NAVFOOTER"><hr align="LEFT" width="100%" /><table summary="Footer navigation table" width="100%" border="0" cellpadding="0"cellspacing="0"><tr><td width="33%" align="left" valign="top"><a href="acpi-debug.html"accesskey="P">Prev</a></td><td width="34%" align="center" valign="top"><a href="index.html"accesskey="H">Home</a></td><td width="33%" align="right" valign="top"><a href="boot-introduction.html"accesskey="N">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="33%" align="left" valign="top">Using and Debugging FreeBSD <acronymclass="ACRONYM">ACPI</acronym></td><td width="34%" align="center" valign="top"><a href="system-administration.html"accesskey="U">Up</a></td><td width="33%" align="right" valign="top">The Booting Problem</td></tr></table></div><p align="center"><small>This, and other documents, can be downloaded from <ahref="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/doc/">ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/doc/</a>.</small></p><p align="center"><small>For questions about FreeBSD, read the <ahref="http://www.FreeBSD.org/docs.html">documentation</a> before contacting <<ahref="mailto:questions@FreeBSD.org">questions@FreeBSD.org</a>>.<br />For questions about this documentation, e-mail <<ahref="mailto:doc@FreeBSD.org">doc@FreeBSD.org</a>>.</small></p></body></html>⌨️ 快捷键说明
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