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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta name="generator" content="HTML Tidy, see www.w3.org" /><title>Finding Your Application</title><meta name="GENERATOR" content="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.7" /><link rel="HOME" title="FreeBSD Handbook" href="index.html" /><link rel="UP" title="Installing Applications: Packages and Ports" href="ports.html" /><link rel="PREVIOUS" title="Overview of Software Installation"href="ports-overview.html" /><link rel="NEXT" title="Using the Packages System" href="packages-using.html" /><link rel="STYLESHEET" type="text/css" href="docbook.css" /></head><body class="SECT1" bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084"alink="#0000FF"><div class="NAVHEADER"><table summary="Header navigation table" width="100%" border="0" cellpadding="0"cellspacing="0"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">FreeBSD Handbook</th></tr><tr><td width="10%" align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="ports-overview.html"accesskey="P">Prev</a></td><td width="80%" align="center" valign="bottom">Chapter 4 Installing Applications:Packages and Ports</td><td width="10%" align="right" valign="bottom"><a href="packages-using.html"accesskey="N">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr align="LEFT" width="100%" /></div><div class="SECT1"><h1 class="SECT1"><a id="PORTS-FINDING-APPLICATIONS"name="PORTS-FINDING-APPLICATIONS">4.3 Finding Your Application</a></h1><p>Before you can install any applications you need to know what you want, and what theapplication is called.</p><p>FreeBSD's list of available applications is growing all the time. Fortunately, thereare a number of ways to find what you want:</p><ul><li><p>The FreeBSD web site maintains an up-to-date searchable list of all the availableapplications, at <a href="../../../../ports/index.html"target="_top">http://www.FreeBSD.org/ports/</a>. The ports are divided into categories,and you may either search for an application by name (if you know it), or see all theapplications available in a category.</p></li><li><p>Dan Langille maintains FreshPorts, at <a href="http://www.FreshPorts.org/"target="_top">http://www.FreshPorts.org/</a>. FreshPorts tracks changes to theapplications in the ports tree as they happen, allows you to ``watch'' one or more ports,and can send you email when they are updated.</p></li><li><p>If you do not know the name of the application you want, try using a site likeFreshMeat (<a href="http://www.freshmeat.net/"target="_top">http://www.freshmeat.net/</a>) to find an application, then check back atthe FreeBSD site to see if the application has been ported yet.</p></li><li><p>If you know the exact name of the port, but just need to find out which category it isin, you can use the <ahref="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=whereis&sektion=1"><spanclass="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">whereis</span>(1)</span></a> command.Simply type <tt class="COMMAND">whereis <var class="REPLACEABLE">file</var></tt>, where<var class="REPLACEABLE">file</var> is the program you want to install. If it is found onyour system, you will be told where it is, as follows:</p><pre class="SCREEN"><samp class="PROMPT">#</samp> <kbd class="USERINPUT">whereis lsof</kbd>lsof: /usr/ports/sysutils/lsof</pre><p>This tells us that <tt class="COMMAND">lsof</tt> (a system utility) can be found inthe <tt class="FILENAME">/usr/ports/sysutils/lsof</tt> directory.</p></li><li><p>Yet another way to find a particular port is by using the ports collection's built-insearch mechanism. To use the search feature, you will need to be in the <ttclass="FILENAME">/usr/ports</tt> directory. Once in that directory, run <ttclass="COMMAND">make search name=<var class="REPLACEABLE">program-name</var></tt> where<var class="REPLACEABLE">program-name</var> is the name of the program you want to find.For example, if you were looking for <tt class="COMMAND">lsof</tt>:</p><pre class="SCREEN"><samp class="PROMPT">#</samp> <kbd class="USERINPUT">cd /usr/ports</kbd><samp class="PROMPT">#</samp> <kbd class="USERINPUT">make search name=lsof</kbd>Port: lsof-4.56.4Path: /usr/ports/sysutils/lsofInfo: Lists information about open files (similar to fstat(1))Maint: obrien@FreeBSD.orgIndex: sysutilsB-deps: R-deps:</pre><p>The part of the output you want to pay particular attention to is the ``Path:'' line,since that tells you where to find the port. The other information provided is not neededin order to install the port, so it will not be covered here.</p><p>For more in-depth searching you can also use <tt class="COMMAND">make search key=<varclass="REPLACEABLE">string</var></tt> where <var class="REPLACEABLE">string</var> is sometext to search for. This searches port names, comments, descriptions and dependencies andcan be used to find ports which relate to a particular subject if you don't know the nameof the program you are looking for.</p><p>In both of these cases, the search string is case-insensitive. Searching for ``LSOF''will yield the same results as searching for ``lsof''.</p></li></ul></div><div class="NAVFOOTER"><hr align="LEFT" width="100%" /><table summary="Footer navigation table" width="100%" border="0" cellpadding="0"cellspacing="0"><tr><td width="33%" align="left" valign="top"><a href="ports-overview.html"accesskey="P">Prev</a></td><td width="34%" align="center" valign="top"><a href="index.html"accesskey="H">Home</a></td><td width="33%" align="right" valign="top"><a href="packages-using.html"accesskey="N">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="33%" align="left" valign="top">Overview of Software Installation</td><td width="34%" align="center" valign="top"><a href="ports.html"accesskey="U">Up</a></td><td width="33%" align="right" valign="top">Using the Packages System</td></tr></table></div><p align="center"><small>This, and other documents, can be downloaded from <ahref="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/doc/">ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/doc/</a>.</small></p><p align="center"><small>For questions about FreeBSD, read the <ahref="http://www.FreeBSD.org/docs.html">documentation</a> before contacting <<ahref="mailto:questions@FreeBSD.org">questions@FreeBSD.org</a>>.<br />For questions about this documentation, e-mail <<ahref="mailto:doc@FreeBSD.org">doc@FreeBSD.org</a>>.</small></p></body></html>⌨️ 快捷键说明
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