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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta name="generator" content="HTML Tidy, see www.w3.org" /><title>Preface</title><meta name="GENERATOR" content="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.7" /><link rel="HOME" title="FreeBSD Handbook" href="index.html" /><link rel="PREVIOUS" title="FreeBSD Handbook" href="index.html" /><link rel="NEXT" title="Getting Started" href="getting-started.html" /><link rel="STYLESHEET" type="text/css" href="docbook.css" /></head><body class="PREFACE" bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084"alink="#0000FF"><div class="NAVHEADER"><table summary="Header navigation table" width="100%" border="0" cellpadding="0"cellspacing="0"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">FreeBSD Handbook</th></tr><tr><td width="10%" align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="index.html"accesskey="P">Prev</a></td><td width="80%" align="center" valign="bottom"></td><td width="10%" align="right" valign="bottom"><a href="getting-started.html"accesskey="N">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr align="LEFT" width="100%" /></div><div class="PREFACE"><h1><a id="BOOK-PREFACE" name="BOOK-PREFACE"></a>Preface</h1><h1 class="BRIDGEHEAD"><a id="PREFACE-AUDIENCE" name="PREFACE-AUDIENCE"></a>IntendedAudience</h1><p>The FreeBSD newcomer will find that the first section of this book guides the userthrough the FreeBSD installation process and gently introduces the concepts andconventions that underpin <span class="TRADEMARK">UNIX</span>®. Working through thissection requires little more than the desire to explore, and the ability to take on boardnew concepts as they are introduced.</p><p>Once you have traveled this far, the second, far larger, section of the Handbook is acomprehensive reference to all manner of topics of interest to FreeBSD systemadministrators. Some of these chapters may recommend that you do some prior reading, andthis is noted in the synopsis at the beginning of each chapter.</p><p>For a list of additional sources of information, please see <ahref="bibliography.html">Appendix B</a>.</p><h1 class="BRIDGEHEAD"><a id="PREFACE-CHANGES-FROM2"name="PREFACE-CHANGES-FROM2"></a>Changes from the Second Edition</h1><p>This third edition is the culmination of over two years of work by the dedicatedmembers of the FreeBSD Documentation Project. The following are the major changes in thisnew edition:</p><ul><li><p><a href="config-tuning.html">Chapter 11</a>, Configuration and Tuning, has beenexpanded with new information about the ACPI power and resource management, the cronsystem utility, and more kernel tuning options.</p></li><li><p><a href="security.html">Chapter 14</a>, Security, has been expanded with newinformation about virtual private networks (VPNs), file system access control lists(ACLs), and security advisories.</p></li><li><p><a href="mac.html">Chapter 15</a>, Mandatory Access Control (MAC), is a new chapterwith this edition. It explains what MAC is and how this mechanism can be used to secure aFreeBSD system.</p></li><li><p><a href="disks.html">Chapter 16</a>, Storage, has been expanded with new informationabout USB storage devices, file system snapshots, file system quotas, file and networkbacked filesystems, and encrypted disk partitions.</p></li><li><p><a href="vinum-vinum.html">Chapter 17</a>, Vinum, is a new chapter with this edition.It describes how to use Vinum, a logical volume manager which provides device-independentlogical disks, and software RAID-0, RAID-1 and RAID-5.</p></li><li><p>A troubleshooting section has been added to <a href="ppp-and-slip.html">Chapter21</a>, PPP and SLIP.</p></li><li><p><a href="mail.html">Chapter 22</a>, Electronic Mail, has been expanded with newinformation about using alternative transport agents, SMTP authentication, UUCP,fetchmail, procmail, and other advanced topics.</p></li><li><p><a href="network-servers.html">Chapter 23</a>, Network Servers, is all new with thisedition. This chapter includes information about setting up the Apache HTTP Server, FTPd,and setting up a server for Microsoft Windows clients with Samba. Some sections from <ahref="advanced-networking.html">Chapter 24</a>, Advanced Networking, were moved here toimprove the presentation.</p></li><li><p><a href="advanced-networking.html">Chapter 24</a>, Advanced Networking, has beenexpanded with new information about using Bluetooth devices with FreeBSD, setting upwireless networks, and Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) networking.</p></li><li><p>A glossary has been added to provide a central location for the definitions oftechnical terms used throughout the book.</p></li><li><p>A number of aesthetic improvements have been made to the tables and figures throughoutthe book.</p></li></ul><h1 class="BRIDGEHEAD"><a id="PREFACE-CHANGES" name="PREFACE-CHANGES"></a>Changes fromthe First Edition</h1><p>The second edition was the culmination of over two years of work by the dedicatedmembers of the FreeBSD Documentation Project. The following were the major changes inthis edition:</p><ul><li><p>A complete Index has been added.</p></li><li><p>All ASCII figures have been replaced by graphical diagrams.</p></li><li><p>A standard synopsis has been added to each chapter to give a quick summary of whatinformation the chapter contains, and what the reader is expected to know.</p></li><li><p>The content has been logically reorganized into three parts: ``Getting Started'',``System Administration'', and ``Appendices''.</p></li><li><p><a href="install.html">Chapter 2</a> (``Installing FreeBSD'') was completely rewrittenwith many screenshots to make it much easier for new users to grasp the text.</p></li><li><p><a href="basics.html">Chapter 3</a> (``<span class="TRADEMARK">UNIX</span> Basics'')has been expanded to contain additional information about processes, daemons, andsignals.</p></li><li><p><a href="ports.html">Chapter 4</a> (``Installing Applications'') has been expanded tocontain additional information about binary package management.</p></li><li><p><a href="x11.html">Chapter 5</a> (``The X Window System'') has been completelyrewritten with an emphasis on using modern desktop technologies such as <bclass="APPLICATION">KDE</b> and <b class="APPLICATION">GNOME</b> on <spanclass="TRADEMARK">XFree86</span>™ 4.X.</p></li><li><p><a href="boot.html">Chapter 12</a> (``The FreeBSD Booting Process'') has beenexpanded.</p></li><li><p><a href="disks.html">Chapter 16</a> (``Storage'') has been written from what used tobe two separate chapters on ``Disks'' and ``Backups''. We feel that the topics are easierto comprehend when presented as a single chapter. A section on RAID (both hardware andsoftware) has also been added.</p></li><li><p><a href="serialcomms.html">Chapter 20</a> (``Serial Communications'') has beencompletely reorganized and updated for FreeBSD 4.X/5.X.</p></li><li><p><a href="ppp-and-slip.html">Chapter 21</a> (``PPP and SLIP'') has been substantiallyupdated.</p></li><li><p>Many new sections have been added to <a href="advanced-networking.html">Chapter 24</a>(``Advanced Networking'').</p></li><li><p><a href="mail.html">Chapter 22</a> (``Electronic Mail'') has been expanded to includemore information about configuring <b class="APPLICATION">sendmail</b>.</p></li><li><p><a href="linuxemu.html">Chapter 10</a> (``<span class="TRADEMARK">Linux</span>®Compatibility'') has been expanded to include information about installing <bclass="APPLICATION"><span class="TRADEMARK">Oracle</span>®</b> and <bclass="APPLICATION"><span class="TRADEMARK">SAP</span>® <spanclass="TRADEMARK">R/3</span>®</b>.</p></li><li><p>The following new topics are covered in this second edition:</p><ul><li><p>Configuration and Tuning (<a href="config-tuning.html">Chapter 11</a>).</p></li><li><p>Multimedia (<a href="multimedia.html">Chapter 7</a>)</p></li></ul></li></ul><h1 class="BRIDGEHEAD"><a id="PREFACE-OVERVIEW" name="PREFACE-OVERVIEW"></a>Organizationof This Book</h1><p>This book is split into five logically distinct sections. The first section, <spanclass="emphasis"><i class="EMPHASIS">Getting Started</i></span>, covers the installationand basic usage of FreeBSD. It is expected that the reader will follow these chapters insequence, possibly skipping chapters covering familiar topics. The second section, <spanclass="emphasis"><i class="EMPHASIS">Common Tasks</i></span>, covers some frequently usedfeatures of FreeBSD. This section, and all subsequent sections, can be read out of order.Each chapter begins with a succinct synopsis that describes what the chapter covers andwhat the reader is expected to already know. This is meant to allow the casual reader toskip around to find chapters of interest. The third section, <span class="emphasis"><iclass="EMPHASIS">System Administration</i></span>, covers administration topics. Thefourth section, <span class="emphasis"><i class="EMPHASIS">NetworkCommunication</i></span>, covers networking and server topics. The fifth section containsappendices of reference information.</p><div class="VARIABLELIST"><dl><dt><span class="emphasis"><i class="EMPHASIS"><a href="introduction.html">Chapter 1</a>,Introduction</i></span></dt><dd><p>Introduces FreeBSD to a new user. It describes the history of the FreeBSD Project, itsgoals and development model.</p></dd><dt><span class="emphasis"><i class="EMPHASIS"><a href="install.html">Chapter 2</a>,Installation</i></span></dt><dd><p>Walks a user through the entire installation process. Some advanced installationtopics, such as installing through a serial console, are also covered.</p></dd><dt><span class="emphasis"><i class="EMPHASIS"><a href="basics.html">Chapter 3</a>, <spanclass="TRADEMARK">UNIX</span> Basics</i></span></dt><dd><p>Covers the basic commands and functionality of the FreeBSD operating system. If youare familiar with <span class="TRADEMARK">Linux</span> or another flavor of <spanclass="TRADEMARK">UNIX</span> then you can probably skip this chapter.</p></dd><dt><span class="emphasis"><i class="EMPHASIS"><a href="ports.html">Chapter 4</a>,Installing Applications</i></span></dt><dd><p>Covers the installation of third-party software with both FreeBSD's innovative ``PortsCollection'' and standard binary packages.</p></dd><dt><span class="emphasis"><i class="EMPHASIS"><a href="x11.html">Chapter 5</a>, The XWindow System</i></span></dt><dd><p>Describes the X Window System in general and using <b class="APPLICATION"><spanclass="TRADEMARK">XFree86</span></b> on FreeBSD in particular. Also describes commondesktop environments such as <b class="APPLICATION">KDE</b> and <bclass="APPLICATION">GNOME</b>.</p></dd><dt><span class="emphasis"><i class="EMPHASIS"><a href="desktop.html">Chapter 6</a>,Desktop Applications</i></span></dt><dd><p>Lists some common desktop applications, such as web browsers and productivity suites,and describes how to install them on FreeBSD.</p></dd><dt><span class="emphasis"><i class="EMPHASIS"><a href="multimedia.html">Chapter 7</a>,Multimedia</i></span></dt><dd><p>Shows how to set up sound and video playback support for your system. Also describessome sample audio and video applications.</p></dd><dt><span class="emphasis"><i class="EMPHASIS"><a href="kernelconfig.html">Chapter 8</a>,Configuring the FreeBSD Kernel</i></span></dt><dd><p>Explains why you might need to configure a new kernel and provides detailedinstructions for configuring, building, and installing a custom kernel.</p></dd>⌨️ 快捷键说明
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