slapdconfig.sdf

OpenLdap是LDAP的开源项目

# $OpenLDAP: pkg/openldap-guide/admin/slapdconfig.sdf,v 1.79.2.8 2007/04/06 04:00:41 quanah Exp $
# Copyright 1999-2007 The OpenLDAP Foundation, All Rights Reserved.
# COPYING RESTRICTIONS APPLY, see COPYRIGHT.

H1: The slapd Configuration File

Once the software has been built and installed, you are ready
to configure {{slapd}}(8) for use at your site. The slapd
runtime configuration is primarily accomplished through the
{{slapd.conf}}(5) file, normally installed in the
{{EX:/usr/local/etc/openldap}} directory.

An alternate configuration file can be specified via a
command-line option to {{slapd}}(8) or {{slurpd}}(8). This chapter
describes the general format of the config file, followed by a
detailed description of commonly used config file directives.


H2: Configuration File Format

The {{slapd.conf}}(5) file consists of three types of configuration
information: global, backend specific, and database specific.  Global
information is specified first, followed by information associated
with a particular backend type, which is then followed by information
associated with a particular database instance.  Global directives can
be overridden in backend and/or database directives, and backend directives
can be overridden by database directives.

Blank lines and comment lines beginning with a '{{EX:#}}' character
are ignored.  If a line begins with white space, it is considered a
continuation of the previous line (even if the previous line is a
comment).

The general format of slapd.conf is as follows:

>	# global configuration directives
>	<global config directives>
>
>	# backend definition
>	backend <typeA>
>	<backend-specific directives>
>
>	# first database definition & config directives
>	database <typeA>
>	<database-specific directives>
>
>	# second database definition & config directives
>	database <typeB>
>	<database-specific directives>
>
>	# second database definition & config directives
>	database <typeA>
>	<database-specific directives>
>
>	# subsequent backend & database definitions & config directives
>	...

A configuration directive may take arguments.  If so, they are
separated by white space.  If an argument contains white space,
the argument should be enclosed in double quotes {{EX:"like this"}}. If
an argument contains a double quote or a backslash character `{{EX:\}}',
the character should be preceded by a backslash character `{{EX:\}}'.

The distribution contains an example configuration file that will
be installed in the {{F: /usr/local/etc/openldap}} directory.
A number of files containing schema definitions (attribute types
and object classes) are also provided in the
{{F: /usr/local/etc/openldap/schema}} directory.


H2: Configuration File Directives

This section details commonly used configuration directives.  For
a complete list, see the {{slapd.conf}}(5) manual page.  This section
separates the configuration file directives into global,
backend-specific and data-specific categories, describing each
directive and its default value (if any), and giving an example of
its use.



H3: Global Directives

Directives described in this section apply to all backends
and databases unless specifically overridden in a backend or
database definition.  Arguments that should be replaced
by actual text are shown in brackets {{EX:<>}}.


H4: access to <what> [ by <who> <accesslevel> <control> ]+

This directive grants access (specified by <accesslevel>) to a
set of entries and/or attributes (specified by <what>) by one or
more requesters (specified by <who>).
See the {{SECT:Access Control}} section of this chapter for a
summary of basic usage.

!if 0
More details discussion of this directive can be found in the
{{SECT:Advanced Access Control}} chapter.
!endif

Note: If no {{EX:access}} directives are specified, the default
access control policy, {{EX:access to * by * read}}, allows all
both authenticated and anonymous users read access.


H4: attributetype <{{REF:RFC2252}} Attribute Type Description>

This directive defines an attribute type.
Please see the {{SECT:Schema Specification}} chapter
for information regarding how to use this directive.

H4: idletimeout <integer>

Specify the number of seconds to wait before forcibly closing
an idle client connection.  An idletimeout of 0, the default,
disables this feature.


H4: include <filename>

This directive specifies that slapd should read additional
configuration information from the given file before continuing
with the next line of the current file. The included file should
follow the normal slapd config file format.  The file is commonly
used to include files containing schema specifications.

Note: You should be careful when using this directive - there is
no small limit on the number of nested include directives, and no
loop detection is done.

H4: loglevel <integer>

This directive specifies the level at which debugging statements
and operation statistics should be syslogged (currently logged to
the {{syslogd}}(8) {{EX:LOG_LOCAL4}} facility). You must have
configured OpenLDAP {{EX:--enable-debug}} (the default) for this
to work (except for the two statistics levels, which are always
enabled).  Log levels are additive. To display what numbers
correspond to what kind of debugging, invoke slapd with {{EX:-?}}
or consult the table below. The possible values for <integer> are:

!block table; colaligns="RL"; align=Center; \
	title="Table 5.1: Debugging Levels"
Level	Description
-1	enable all debugging
0	no debugging
1	trace function calls
2	debug packet handling
4	heavy trace debugging
8	connection management
16	print out packets sent and received
32	search filter processing
64	configuration file processing
128	access control list processing
256	stats log connections/operations/results
512	stats log entries sent
1024	print communication with shell backends
2048	print entry parsing debugging
!endblock

\Example:

E: loglevel -1

This will cause lots and lots of debugging information to be
logged.

\Default:

E: loglevel 256


H4: objectclass <{{REF:RFC2252}} Object Class Description>

This directive defines an object class.
Please see the {{SECT:Schema Specification}} chapter for
information regarding how to use this directive.


H4: referral <URI>

This directive specifies the referral to pass back when slapd
cannot find a local database to handle a request.

\Example:

>	referral ldap://root.openldap.org

This will refer non-local queries to the global root LDAP server
at the OpenLDAP Project. Smart LDAP clients can re-ask their
query at that server, but note that most of these clients are
only going to know how to handle simple LDAP URLs that
contain a host part and optionally a distinguished name part.


H4: sizelimit <integer>

This directive specifies the maximum number of entries to return
from a search operation.

\Default:

>	sizelimit 500


H4: timelimit <integer>

This directive specifies the maximum number of seconds (in real
time) slapd will spend answering a search request. If a
request is not finished in this time, a result indicating an
exceeded timelimit will be returned.

\Default:

>	timelimit 3600


H3: General Backend Directives

Directives in this section apply only to the backend in which
they are defined. They are supported by every type of backend.
Backend directives apply to all databases instances of the
same type and, depending on the directive, may be overridden
by database directives.

H4: backend <type>

This directive marks the beginning of a backend declaration.
{{EX:<type>}} should be one of the
supported backend types listed in Table 5.2.

!block table; align=Center; coltags="EX,N"; \
	title="Table 5.2: Database Backends"
Types	Description
bdb	Berkeley DB transactional backend
dnssrv	DNS SRV backend
hdb	Hierarchical variant of bdb backend
ldap	Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (Proxy) backend
ldbm	Lightweight DBM backend
meta	Meta Directory backend
monitor	Monitor backend
passwd	Provides read-only access to {{passwd}}(5)
perl	Perl Programmable backend
shell	Shell (extern program) backend
sql	SQL Programmable backend
!endblock

\Example:

>	backend bdb

This marks the beginning of a new {{TERM:BDB}} backend
definition.


H3: General Database Directives

Directives in this section apply only to the database in which
they are defined. They are supported by every type of database.

H4: database <type>

This directive marks the beginning of a database instance
declaration.
{{EX:<type>}} should be one of the
supported backend types listed in Table 5.2.

\Example:

>	database bdb

This marks the beginning of a new {{TERM:BDB}} database instance
declaration.


H4: readonly { on | off }

This directive puts the database into "read-only" mode. Any
attempts to modify the database will return an "unwilling to
perform" error.

\Default:

>	readonly off

H4: replica

>	replica uri=ldap[s]://<hostname>[:<port>] | host=<hostname>[:<port>]
>		[bindmethod={simple|sasl}]
>		["binddn=<DN>"]
>		[saslmech=<mech>]
>		[authcid=<identity>]
>		[authzid=<identity>]
>		[credentials=<password>]

This directive specifies a replication site for this database. The
{{EX:uri=}} parameter specifies a scheme, a host and optionally a port where
the slave slapd instance can be found. Either a domain name
or IP address may be used for <hostname>. If <port> is not
given, the standard LDAP port number (389 or 636) is used.

{{EX:host}} is deprecated in favor of the {{EX:uri}} parameter.

{{EX:uri}} allows the replica LDAP server to be specified as an LDAP 
URI such as {{EX:ldap://slave.example.com:389}} or
{{EX:ldaps://slave.example.com:636}}.

The {{EX:binddn=}} parameter gives the DN to bind as for updates
to the slave slapd. It should be a DN which has read/write access
to the slave slapd's database.  It must also match the {{EX:updatedn}}
directive in the slave slapd's config file.  Generally, this DN
{{should not}} be the same as the {{EX:rootdn}} of the master
database.  Since DNs are likely to contain embedded spaces, the
entire {{EX:"binddn=<DN>"}} string should be enclosed in double
quotes.

The {{EX:bindmethod}} is {{EX:simple}} or {{EX:sasl}}, depending
on whether simple password-based authentication or {{TERM:SASL}}
authentication is to be used when connecting to the slave slapd.

Simple authentication should not be used unless adequate data
integrity and confidentiality protections are in place (e.g. TLS
or IPSEC).  Simple authentication requires specification of
{{EX:binddn}} and {{EX:credentials}} parameters.

SASL authentication is generally recommended.  SASL authentication
requires specification of a mechanism using the {{EX:saslmech}} parameter.
Depending on the mechanism, an authentication identity and/or
credentials can be specified using {{EX:authcid}} and {{EX:credentials}}
respectively.  The {{EX:authzid}} parameter may be used to specify
an authorization identity.

See the chapter entitled {{SECT:Replication with slurpd}} for more
information on how to use this directive.


H4: replogfile <filename>

This directive specifies the name of the replication log file to
which slapd will log changes. The replication log is typically
written by slapd and read by slurpd. Normally, this directive is
only used if slurpd is being used to replicate the database.
However, you can also use it to generate a transaction log, if
slurpd is not running. In this case, you will need to periodically
truncate the file, since it will grow indefinitely otherwise.

See the chapter entitled {{SECT:Replication with slurpd}} for more
information on how to use this directive.


H4: rootdn <DN>

This directive specifies the DN that is not subject to
access control or administrative limit restrictions for
operations on this database.  The DN need not refer to
an entry in this database or even in the directory. The
DN may refer to a SASL identity.

Entry-based Example:

>	rootdn "cn=Manager,dc=example,dc=com"

SASL-based Example:

>	rootdn "uid=root,cn=example.com,cn=digest-md5,cn=auth"

See the {{SECT:SASL Authentication}} section for information on
SASL authentication identities.