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<!DOCTYPE doctype PUBLIC "-//w3c//dtd html 4.0 transitional//en"><html><head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"> <meta name="GENERATOR" content="Microsoft FrontPage 4.0"> <title>power_windgen demo</title> <!-- $Revision: 1.1.8.1 $ --> <link rel="STYLESHEET" href="psb2machines.css"></head> <body bgcolor="#ffffff"> <div class="Body" style="width: 915; height: 31"><font color="#990000"><b><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size="+1">Wind TurbineAsynchronous Generator in Isolated Network</font></font></b></font></div><p> By R. Reid, B. Saulnier, R. Gagnon; Hydro-Quebec (IREQ)</p> <div class="Body" style="width: 920; height: 481">A generic model of the High-Penetration, No Storage, Wind-Diesel(HPNSWD) system is presented in this demo [1]. This technology was developedby Hydro-Quebec to reduce the cost of supplying electricity in remote northerncommunities [2]. The optimal wind penetration (installed wind capacity/peakelectrical demand) for this system depends on the site delivery cost of fueland available wind resource. The first commercial application of HPNSWD technologywas commissioned in 1999 by Northern Power Systems (Vermont, USA) on St.Paul Island, Alaska [3]. The HPNSWD system presented in this demo uses a480 V, 300 kVA synchronous machine, a wind turbine driving a 480 V,275 kVA induction generator, a 50 kW customer load and a variable secondaryload (0 to 446.25 kW).<br> <br>At low wind speeds both the induction generator and the diesel-driven synchronousgenerator are required to feed the load. When the wind power exceeds theload demand, it is possible to shut down the diesel generator. In this all-windmode, the synchronous machine is used as a synchronous condenser and itsexcitation system controls the grid voltage at its nominal value. A secondaryload bank is used to regulate the system frequency by absorbing the windpower exceeding consumer demand.<br><br>The Wind Turbine block uses a 2-D Lookup Table to compute the turbine torqueoutput (Tm) as a function of wind speed (w_Wind) and turbine speed (w_Turb).When you opened this demo, the Pm (w_Wind, w_Turb) characteristics was automaticallyloaded in your workspace (psbwindgen_char array). To display the turbinecharacteristics, double click on the block located below the Wind Turbineblock. <br><br>The Secondary Load block consists of eight sets of three-phase resistorsconnected in series with GTO thyristor switches. The nominal power of eachset follows a binary progression so that the load can be varied from 0 to446.25 kW by steps of 1.75kW. GTOs are simulated by ideal switches. <br><br>The frequency is controlled by the Discrete Frequency Regulator block. Thiscontroller uses a standard three-phase Phase Locked Loop (PLL) system tomeasure the system frequency. The measured frequency is compared to the referencefrequency (60 Hz) to obtain the frequency error. This error is integratedto obtain the phase error. The phase error is then used by a Proportional-Differential(PD) controller to produce an output signal representing the required secondaryload power. This signal is converted to an 8-bit digital signal controllingswitching of the eight three-phase secondary loads. In order to minimizevoltage disturbances, switching is performed at zero crossing of voltage. <p> </div> <div class="Body"><b><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font color="#000099">Demonstration</font></font></b></div><div class="Body"> </div> <div class="Body">For the demo, the wind speed (10m/s) is such that the windturbine produces enough power to supply the load. The diesel generator (notsimulated) is stopped and the synchronous machine operates as a synchronouscondenser with its mechanical power input (Pm) set at zero. The demo illustratesthe dynamic performance of the frequency regulation system when an additional25 kW customer load is switched on.<br><br>Start simulation and observe voltages, currents, powers, asynchronous machinespeed and system frequency on the two scopes. Initial conditions (xInitialvector) have been automatically loaded in your workspace so that simulationstarts in steady state.<br><br>As the asynchronous machine operates in generator mode, its speed is slightlyabove the synchronous speed (1.011 pu). According to turbine characteristics,for a 10 m/s wind speed, the turbine output power is 0.75 pu (206 kW). Becauseof the asynchronous machine losses, the wind turbine produces 200 kW. Asthe main load is 50 kW, the secondary load absorbs 150 kW to maintain a constant60 Hz frequency. At t=0.2 s, the additional load of 25 kW is switched on.The frequency momentarily drops to 59.85 Hz and the frequency regulatorreacts to reduce the power absorbed by the secondary load in order to bringthe frequency back to 60 Hz. Voltage stays at 1 pu and no flicker is observed. </div> <p class="Body"><b><font color="#000099">References</font></b></p> <p class="Body"><small>[1] R. Gagnon, B. Saulnier, G. Sybille, P. Giroux;"Modeling of a Generic High-Penetration No-Storage Wind-Diesel System UsingMatlab/Power System Blockset" 2002 Global Windpower Conference, April2002, Paris, France<br>[2] B. Saulnier, A.O. Barry, B. Dube, R. Reid; "Design and Development ofa Regulation and Control System for the High-Penetration No-Storage Wind/DieselScheme" European Community Wind Energy Conference 88, 6-10 june 1988, Herning,Denmark<br>[3] L. Mott (NPS), B. Saulnier (IREQ) " Commercial Wind-Diesel Project, St.Paul Island, Alaska" 14th Prime Power Diesel Inter-Utility Conference, May28-June 2, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada</small></p></body></html>⌨️ 快捷键说明
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