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B., 423<DD>Algebraic structure, DES, 282–283<DD>Algorithm M, 393–394<DD>Algorithms, 2–4, 17<DL><DD>all-or-nothing disclosure of secrets, 543–546<DD>Asmuth-Bloom, 529–530<DD>Barrett’s, 244<DD>Berlekamp-Massey algorithm, 380, 404<DD>block<DL><DD>chain mode, 206–207<DD>choosing, 354–355<DD>replay, 191–193</DL><DD>breaking, 8<DD>CAST, 334–335<DD>choosing, 214–216<DD>cipher block chaining mode, 193–197, 208–210<DD>cipher block chaining of plaintext difference mode, 208<DD>cipher block chaining with checksum, 207–208<DD>cipher-feedback mode, 200–202, 208–210<DD>cipher mode<DL><DD>choosing, 208–210<DD>summary, 209</DL><DD>classes, 217<DD>coin flipping<DL><DD>using Blum integers, 543<DD>using exponentiation modulo <I>p</I>, 542–543<DD>using square roots, 541–542</DL><DD>complexity, 237–239<DD>constant, 238<DD>convertible undeniable signatures, 538–539<DD>counter mode, 205–206, 209<DD>cubic, 238<DD>data compression, 226<DD>designated confirmer signatures, 539–540<DD>Diffie-Hellman, fair, 546–547<DD>digital signatures, 39<DD>exponential, 238<DD>for export, 215–216<DD>extended Euclidean, 246–248<DD>factoring, 256<DD>ISO/IEC 9979 registered, 607<DD>Karnin-Greene-Hellman, 530<DD>Khafre, 317–318<DD>Khufu, 317<DD>linear, 238<DD>linear syndrome, 381<DD>modes, DES, 277–278<DD>multiple block<DL><DD>cascading, 367–368<DD>combining, 368</DL><DD>multiple-key public-key cryptography, 527–528<DD>oblivious transfer, 550<DD>one-way accumulators, 543<DD>output-feedback mode, 203–205, 208–210<DD>output feedback with a nonlinear function, 208<DD>plaintext block chaining mode, 208<DD>plaintext feedback mode, 208<DD>polynomial, 238<DD>polynomial-time, 238<DD>probabilistic encryption, 552–554<DD>propagating cipher block chaining mode, 207<DD>public-key, 4–5, 33<DD>quadratic, 238<DD>quantum cryptography, 554–557<DD>restricted, 3<DD>running times, 238–239<DD>secret-sharing algorithms, 528–531<DD>secure multiparty computation, 551–552</DL><DD>Algorithms (<I>Cont.</I>)<DL><DD>security, 8–9<DD>self-synchronizing stream cipher, 198–199<DD>stream ciphers, 197–198<DD>subliminal-channel signature, 79<DD>superpolynomial, 238<DD>symmetric, 4<DD>synchronous stream cipher, 202–203<DD>TEA, 346<DD>types, 189<DD>unconditionally secure, 8<DD>undeniable digital signatures, 536–539<DD>using, 213–229<DD>vector scheme, 529<DD>zero-knowledge proofs, 548–550<DD><I>See also</I> Block ciphers; Stream ciphers</DL><DD>All-or-nothing disclosure of secrets, 96, 543–546<DL><DD>voting with a single central facility, 128–130</DL><DD>Alternating stop-and-go generator, 383, 385, 410–411<DD>American National Standards Institute, DES approval, 267–268<DD>Anderson, Ross, 391<DD>ANDOS, <I>see</I> All-or-nothing disclosure of secrets<DD>Anonymous message broadcast, 137–139<DD>ANSI X3.105, 267<DD>ANSI X3.106, 267<DD>ANSI X9.8, 267<DD>ANSI X9.17, 268, 359<DL><DD>key generation, 175</DL><DD>ANSI X9.19, 267<DD>ANSI X9.26, 268<DD>Arbitrated protocol, 23–26<DD>Arbitration, timestamping, 75–76<DD>Arbitrator, 23<DL><DD>document signing with, 35–37<DD>group signatures with, 84–85</DL><DD>AR hash function, 453<DD>Arithmetic, modular, 242–245<DD>Arms Export Control Act, 610<DD>Asmuth-Bloom scheme, 529–530<DD>Association for Computing Machinery, 608<DD>Asymmetric algorithms, <I>see</I> Public-key algorithms<DD>Atomic Energy Act, 610<DD>Attack, 5<DD>AT&T Model 3600 Telephone Security Device, 594–595<DD>Authentication, 2, 52–56<DL><DD>DASS, 62<DD>Denning-Sacco protocol, 63<DD>dictionary attacks, 52<DD>ISO framework, 574–577<DD>Kerberos, 60<DD>message, 56<DD>Needham-Schroeder protocol, 58–59<DD>Neuman-Stubblebine protocol, 60–62<DD>Otway-Rees protocol, 59–60<DD>protocols, formal analysis, 65–68<DD>salt, 52–53<DD>Schnorr, 511<DD>SESAME, 572<DD>SKEY, 53⌨️ 快捷键说明
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