12-05.html

Applied Cryptography

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<TD COLSPAN="12"><HR>
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<P>It is, of course, far easier to implement the S-boxes in software as 64-entry arrays. It takes some rearranging of the entries to do this, but that&#146;s not hard. (Don&#146;t just change the indexing without rearranging the entries. The S-boxes are designed very carefully.) However, this way of describing the S-boxes helps visualize how they work. Each S-box can be viewed as a substitution function on a 4-bit entry: <I>b</I><SUB>2</SUB> through <I>b</I><SUB>5</SUB> go in, and a 4-bit result comes out. Bits <I>b</I><SUB>1</SUB> and <I>b</I><SUB>6</SUB> come from neighboring blocks; they select one out of four substitution functions available in the particular S-box.</P>
<P>The S-box substitution is the critical step in DES. The algorithm&#146;s other operations are linear and easy to analyze. The S-boxes are nonlinear and, more than anything else, give DES its security.</P>
<P>The result of this substitution phase is eight 4-bit blocks which are recombined into a single 32-bit block. This block moves to the next step: the P-box permutation.</P>
<P><FONT SIZE="+1"><B><I>The P-Box Permutation</I></B></FONT></P>
<P>The 32-bit output of the S-box substitution is permuted according to a <B>P-box</B>. This permutation maps each input bit to an output position; no bits are used twice and no bits are ignored. This is called a <B>straight permutation</B> or just a permutation. Table 12.7 shows the position to which each bit moves. For example, bit 21 moves to bit 4, while bit 4 moves to bit 31.</P>
<I><P><A NAME="Fig4"></A><A HREF="javascript:displayWindow('images/12-04.jpg',359,88 )"><IMG SRC="images/12-04t.jpg"></A>
<BR><A HREF="javascript:displayWindow('images/12-04.jpg',359,88)"><FONT COLOR="#000077"><B>Figure 12.4</B></FONT></A>&nbsp;&nbsp;S-box substitution.</I>
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<TABLE WIDTH="100%">
<TH CAPTION COLSPAN="16" ALIGN="CENTER">Table 12.6<BR>S-Boxes
<TR>
<TD COLSPAN="16"><HR>
<TR>
<TH VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT" COLSPAN="3"><I>S-box 1:</I>
<TR>
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">14,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">4,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">13,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">1,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">2,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">15,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">11,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">8,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">3,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">10,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">6,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">12,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">5,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">9,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">0,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">7,
<TR>
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">0,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">15,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">7,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">4,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">14,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">2,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">13,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">1,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">10,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">6,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">12,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">11,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">9,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">5,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">3,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">8,
<TR>
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">4,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">1,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">14,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">8,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">13,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">6,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">2,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">11,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">15,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">12,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">9,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">7,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">3,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">10,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">5,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">0,
<TR>
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">15,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">12,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">8,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">2,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">4,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">9,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">1,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">7,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">5,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">11,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">3,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">14,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">10,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">0,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">6,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">13,
<TR>
<TH VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT" COLSPAN="3"><I>S-box 2:</I>
<TR>
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">15,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">1,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">8,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">14,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">6,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">11,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">3,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">4,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">9,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">7,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">2,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">13,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">12,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">0,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">5,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">10,
<TR>
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">3,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">13,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">4,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">7,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">15,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">2,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">8,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">14,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">12,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">0,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">1,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">10,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">6,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">9,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">11,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">5,
<TR>
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">0,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">14,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">7,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">11,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">10,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">4,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">13,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">1,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">5,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">8,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">12,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">6,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">9,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">3,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">2,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">15,
<TR>
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">13,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">8,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">10,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">1,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">3,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">15,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">4,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">2,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">11,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">6,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">7,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">12,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">0,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">5,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">14,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">9,
<TR>
<TH VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT" COLSPAN="3"><I>S-box 3:</I>
<TR>
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">10,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">0,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">9,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">14,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">6,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">3,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">15,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">5,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">1,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">13,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">12,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">7,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">11,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">4,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">2,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">8,
<TR>
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">13,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">7,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">0,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">9,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">3,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">4,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">6,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">10,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">2,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">8,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">5,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">14,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">12,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">11,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">15,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">1,
<TR>
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">13,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">6,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">4,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">9,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">8,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">15,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">3,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">0,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">11,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">1,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">2,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">12,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">5,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">10,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">14,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">7,
<TR>
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">1,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">10,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">13,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">0,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">6,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">9,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">8,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">7,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">4,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">15,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">14,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">3,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">11,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">5,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">2,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">12,
<TR>
<TH VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT" COLSPAN="3"><I>S-box 4:</I>
<TR>
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">7,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">13,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">14,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">3,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">0,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">6,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">9,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">10,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">1,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">2,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">8,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">5,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">11,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">12,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">4,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">15,
<TR>
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">13,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">8,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">11,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">5,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">6,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">15,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">0,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">3,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">4,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">7,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">2,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">12,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">1,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">10,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">14,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">9,
<TR>
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">10,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">6,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">9,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">0,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">12,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">11,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">7,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">13,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">15,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">1,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">3,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">14,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">5,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">2,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">8,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">4,
<TR>
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">3,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">15,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">0,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">6,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">10,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">1,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">13,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">8,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">9,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">4,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">5,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">11,
<TD WIDTH="6%" VALIGN="TOP" ALIGN="RIGHT">12,