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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2 Final//EN"><HTML><HEAD><META HTTP-EQUIV="Content-Type" CONTENT="text/html; charset=gb2312"> <META NAME="GENERATOR" CONTENT="ZH-SGML-Tools 1.0.9"> <TITLE>中文 Linux WWW HOWTO : 设定全球资讯网伺服器</TITLE> <LINK HREF="WWW-HOWTO-7.html" tppabs="http://www.linux.org.tw/CLDP/gb/WWW-HOWTO-7.html" REL=next> <LINK HREF="WWW-HOWTO-5.html" tppabs="http://www.linux.org.tw/CLDP/gb/WWW-HOWTO-5.html" REL=previous> <LINK HREF="WWW-HOWTO.html#toc6" tppabs="http://www.linux.org.tw/CLDP/gb/WWW-HOWTO.html#toc6" REL=contents><SCRIPT src="menu.js"> function BeginPage() {} function EndPage() {} </SCRIPT> </HEAD> <BODY bgcolor=#FFFFFF MARGINHEIGHT=0 MARGINWIDTH=0> <A HREF="WWW-HOWTO-7.html" tppabs="http://www.linux.org.tw/CLDP/gb/WWW-HOWTO-7.html"><IMG SRC="next.gif" tppabs="http://www.linux.org.tw/CLDP/gb/img/next.gif" ALT="Next"></A><A HREF="WWW-HOWTO-5.html" tppabs="http://www.linux.org.tw/CLDP/gb/WWW-HOWTO-5.html"><IMG SRC="prev.gif" tppabs="http://www.linux.org.tw/CLDP/gb/img/prev.gif" ALT="Previous"></A><A HREF="WWW-HOWTO.html#toc6" tppabs="http://www.linux.org.tw/CLDP/gb/WWW-HOWTO.html#toc6"><IMG SRC="toc.gif" tppabs="http://www.linux.org.tw/CLDP/gb/img/toc.gif" ALT="Contents"></A><HR><H2><A NAME="s6">6. 设定全球信息网服务器</A></H2><P>本章节含盖不同http服务器软件套件，及一些服务器工具［例如一些CGI的script语言］。现在市面上有几十种网络服务器，但本文只含盖其中一些功能完整的服务器。另外，也因为有些是商用产品，我无法一一试用。文中大部份资料是用一些网页的内容拼拼凑凑出来的，如有错误，在所难免。尚请惠于赐教。<P>如要了解http的机制，请参考「後续」一章中的参考文件。<P>我个人较爱用Apache服务器。它的功能完整而且是自由软件！不好意思。本文事实上倾向Apache。所以我集中火力在Apache上，而不是依章节介绍各种服务器。以後，我可能会把其他服务器纳入文中。<P><P><P><H2><A NAME="ss6.1">6.1 概述</A></H2><P><DL><DT><B>Cern httpd</B><DD><P>Cern httpd是世上最早的全球信息网服务器。由European Laboratory for Particle Physics［CERN］发展。现在已没人维护了。据说它有许多严重的臭□，很慢而且浪费系统资源。相关细节参考<A HREF="javascript:if(confirm('http://www.w3.org/Daemon/Status.html \n\nThis file was not retrieved by Teleport Pro, because it is addressed on a domain or path outside the boundaries set for its Starting Address. \n\nDo you want to open it from the server?'))window.location='http://www.w3.org/Daemon/Status.html'" tppabs="http://www.w3.org/Daemon/Status.html">http://www.w3.org/Daemon/Status.html</A>，也可从<A HREF="javascript:if(confirm('ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/apps/www/servers/httpd-3.0.term.tpz \n\nThis file was not retrieved by Teleport Pro, because it did not meet the project\'s file type specifications. \n\nDo you want to open it from the server?'))window.location='ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/apps/www/servers/httpd-3.0.term.tpz'" tppabs="ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/apps/www/servers/httpd-3.0.term.tpz">ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/apps/www/servers/httpd-3.0.term.tpz</A>下载。(no it is not a typo, the extension is actually .tpz on the site; probably should be .tgz)<P><DT><B>NCSA HTTPd</B><DD><P>NCSA Httpd 是Apache之父［它後来发展成两种不同服务器］。所以设定档和Apache极为神似。NCSAHttpd是自由软件，原始档案也可取得。虽然你可以从阅读Apache得到相关知识，但本文并不细述这一个服务器。NCSA曾经风行一阵子，但爱用者大都已转向Apache了。Apache改善了NCSA伺服器的一些缺点［它们的Configuration files 相同］，NCSA Httpd变成只占有4.9%的伺服器用户［资料来源1997年9月<A HREF="javascript:if(confirm('http://www.netcraft.com/survey/ \n\nThis file was not retrieved by Teleport Pro, because it is addressed on a domain or path outside the boundaries set for its Starting Address. \n\nDo you want to open it from the server?'))window.location='http://www.netcraft.com/survey/'" tppabs="http://www.netcraft.com/survey/">Netcraft survey</A>］。相关细节，参考<A HREF="javascript:if(confirm('http://hoohoo.ncsa.uiuc.edu/ \n\nThis file was not retrieved by Teleport Pro, because it is addressed on a domain or path outside the boundaries set for its Starting Address. \n\nDo you want to open it from the server?'))window.location='http://hoohoo.ncsa.uiuc.edu/'" tppabs="http://hoohoo.ncsa.uiuc.edu/">http://hoohoo.ncsa.uiuc.edu</A>。<P><DT><B><A HREF="WWW-HOWTO-7.html#apache" tppabs="http://www.linux.org.tw/CLDP/gb/WWW-HOWTO-7.html#apache">Apache</A></B><DD><P>Apache为服务器之王。 Apache 含原始档都是自由软件。Apache是以模块化设计，所以新功能很容易加入，极有弹性，而且有许多的功能，各种系统的用户占有率达55%。世上已有3,928,112 个Apache服务器在运作［资料来源1999年8月<A HREF="javascript:if(confirm('http://www.netcraft.com/survey/ \n\nThis file was not retrieved by Teleport Pro, because it is addressed on a domain or path outside the boundaries set for its Starting Address. \n\nDo you want to open it from the server?'))window.location='http://www.netcraft.com/survey/'" tppabs="http://www.netcraft.com/survey/">Netcraft survey</A>］。正式Apache漏掉了SSL，但有两个系统补了这个漏洞。Stronghold是Apache支系中的商品。零售价$995元；经济型$495元。［经济型延用Apache旧版］。它是仅次于Netscape的保全服务器。［资料来源<A HREF="javascript:if(confirm('http://www.c2.net/products/stronghold \n\nThis file was not retrieved by Teleport Pro, because it is addressed on a domain or path outside the boundaries set for its Starting Address. \n\nDo you want to open it from the server?'))window.location='http://www.c2.net/products/stronghold'" tppabs="http://www.c2.net/products/stronghold">C2 net</A> 及<A HREF="javascript:if(confirm('http://www.netcraft.com/survey/ \n\nThis file was not retrieved by Teleport Pro, because it is addressed on a domain or path outside the boundaries set for its Starting Address. \n\nDo you want to open it from the server?'))window.location='http://www.netcraft.com/survey/'" tppabs="http://www.netcraft.com/survey/">Netcraft survey</A>］。相关细节参考<A HREF="javascript:if(confirm('http://www.c2.net/products/stronghold/ \n\nThis file was not retrieved by Teleport Pro, because it is addressed on a domain or path outside the boundaries set for its Starting Address. \n\nDo you want to open it from the server?'))window.location='http://www.c2.net/products/stronghold/'" tppabs="http://www.c2.net/products/stronghold/">http://www.c2.net/products/stronghold/</A>。因为它是在美国国外开发的，所以在全球都具有128 bit SSL。<P>Apache-SSL实现SSL为一自由软件，但在美国不可使用在商业用途［RSA在美国拥有SSL科技的专利］。如果连接free RSAREE library，可在美国利用在非商业用途上。<P>相关细节参考<A HREF="javascript:if(confirm('http://www.algroup.co.uk/Apache-SSL/ \n\nThis file was not retrieved by Teleport Pro, because it is addressed on a domain or path outside the boundaries set for its Starting Address. \n\nDo you want to open it from the server?'))window.location='http://www.algroup.co.uk/Apache-SSL/'" tppabs="http://www.algroup.co.uk/Apache-SSL/">http://www.algroup.co.uk/Apache-SSL/</A>。<P><DT><B>Netscape Fast Track Server</B><DD><P>Fast Track由Netscape开发，Linux版本在Caldera站上公开。该站说 Fast Track'用于'OpenLinux。不知道是说它只能在Caldera OpenLinux上执行，还是说也能在其他Linux版本上执行［如果你知道的话，请E-mail告诉我］。 Netscape服务器用户占有率为6.11%［资料来源1999年8月<A HREF="javascript:if(confirm('http://www.netcraft.com/survey/ \n\nThis file was not retrieved by Teleport Pro, because it is addressed on a domain or path outside the boundaries set for its Starting Address. \n\nDo you want to open it from the server?'))window.location='http://www.netcraft.com/survey/'" tppabs="http://www.netcraft.com/survey/">http://www.netcraft.com/survey/</A>］。售价295元。搭配成 Caldera OpenLinux Standard distribution 售价$399元［教育用价格$199.50元］。该网站声称，具有优良系统管理界面，可在十分钟内安装设定完成。可支持40-bit SSL，但是如果要完整128-bit SSL功能，就须购买Netscape Enterprise Server。不幸的很，这一版本尚不支持Linux［支持Linux的最新版本为2.0版。3.0版有beta版，但尚不支持Linux ］。<P>购买网络版到<A HREF="javascript:if(confirm('http://www.caldera.com/products/netscape/netscape.html \n\nThis file was not retrieved by Teleport Pro, because it is addressed on a domain or path outside the boundaries set for its Starting Address. \n\nDo you want to open it from the server?'))window.location='http://www.caldera.com/products/netscape/netscape.html'" tppabs="http://www.caldera.com/products/netscape/netscape.html">http://www.caldera.com/products/netscape/netscape.html</A>。<P>相关细节参考<A HREF="javascript:if(confirm('http://www.netscape.com/comprod/server_central/product/fast_track/ \n\nThis file was not retrieved by Teleport Pro, because it is addressed on a domain or path outside the boundaries set for its Starting Address. \n\nDo you want to open it from the server?'))window.location='http://www.netscape.com/comprod/server_central/product/fast_track/'" tppabs="http://www.netscape.com/comprod/server_central/product/fast_track/">http://www.netscape.com/comprod/server_central/product/fast_track/</A>。<P><DT><B>WN</B><DD><P>WN有许多吸引人的特色。第一，它比CERN、 NCSA Httpd及 Apache小。它还有一些支持CGI的内建功能。它还能运用它的filter功能，快速压缩/解压缩档案。它还可以抽取压缩档中的部份项目。它经由GNU public license 开放使用。最新版本为2.08版。相关细节参考<A HREF="javascript:if(confirm('http://hopf.math.nwu.edu/ \n\nThis file was not retrieved by Teleport Pro, because it is addressed on a domain or path outside the boundaries set for its Starting Address. \n\nDo you want to open it from the server?'))window.location='http://hopf.math.nwu.edu/'" tppabs="http://hopf.math.nwu.edu/">http://hopf.math.nwu.edu/</A>。<P><DT><B>AOLserver</B><DD><P>AOL server由美国线上［America Online］所开发。我不得不承认，美国线上设计的服务器的功能的确很惊人。除了支持一些标准功能外，这个服务器还支持资料库连接。它允许首页以SQL［Structured Query Language］指令查询资料库。可用ODBC［Open Database Connectivity］存取资料库。另外还有内建式搜寻引擎及TCL scripting。如果还不够用，你可以用C语言的API［Application Programming Interface］加入个人设计模块。还有！还能支持40-bit SSL。这些功能都属于一个自由软件。<P>相关细节参考<A HREF="javascript:if(confirm('http://www.aolserver.com/server/ \n\nThis file was not retrieved by Teleport Pro, because it is addressed on a domain or path outside the boundaries set for its Starting Address. \n\nDo you want to open it from the server?'))window.location='http://www.aolserver.com/server/'" tppabs="http://www.aolserver.com/server/">http://www.aolserver.com/server/</A>。<P><DT><B>CL-HTTP</B><DD><P>CL-HTTP就是Common Lisp Hypermedia Server。如果你是Lisp程序设计师，你要的服务器就是这一个了。你可以用Lisp写CGI script。CL-HTTP还提供以网站为主的设定功能，并且支援所有的标准。它是个自由软件，原始程序也可取得。<P>相关细节参考<A HREF="javascript:if(confirm('http://www.ai.mit.edu/projects/iiip/doc/cl-http/home-page.html \n\nThis file was not retrieved by Teleport Pro, because it is addressed on a domain or path outside the boundaries set for its Starting Address. \n\nDo you want to open it from the server?'))window.location='http://www.ai.mit.edu/projects/iiip/doc/cl-http/home-page.html'" tppabs="http://www.ai.mit.edu/projects/iiip/doc/cl-http/home-page.html">http://www.ai.mit.edu/projects/iiip/doc/cl-http/home-page.html</A>。</DL><P>如果你是为商业目的架设网站，我建议你使用Apache，也有人建议Netscape，因为它较易于设定。如果你的网站只是对内的话，它让你的网站比较有弹性。除非你的需求只能由其他伺服器来满足，不然．．．［原文疏漏］。<P>以上只叙述部份服务器，如果你要完整项目，可查询Netcraft的网站：<A HREF="javascript:if(confirm('http://www.netcraft.com/survey/servers.html \n\nThis file was not retrieved by Teleport Pro, because it is addressed on a domain or path outside the boundaries set for its Starting Address. \n\nDo you want to open it from the server?'))window.location='http://www.netcraft.com/survey/servers.html'" tppabs="http://www.netcraft.com/survey/servers.html">http://www.netcraft.com/survey/servers.html</A> or Web Compare at<A HREF="javascript:if(confirm('http://webcompare.internet.com/ \n\nThis file was not retrieved by Teleport Pro, because it is addressed on a domain or path outside the boundaries set for its Starting Address. \n\nDo you want to open it from the server?'))window.location='http://webcompare.internet.com/'" tppabs="http://webcompare.internet.com/">http://webcompare.internet.com</A>.<P><P><P><HR><A HREF="WWW-HOWTO-7.html" tppabs="http://www.linux.org.tw/CLDP/gb/WWW-HOWTO-7.html"><IMG SRC="next.gif" tppabs="http://www.linux.org.tw/CLDP/gb/img/next.gif" ALT="Next"></A><A HREF="WWW-HOWTO-5.html" tppabs="http://www.linux.org.tw/CLDP/gb/WWW-HOWTO-5.html"><IMG SRC="prev.gif" tppabs="http://www.linux.org.tw/CLDP/gb/img/prev.gif" ALT="Previous"></A><A HREF="WWW-HOWTO.html#toc6" tppabs="http://www.linux.org.tw/CLDP/gb/WWW-HOWTO.html#toc6"><IMG SRC="toc.gif" tppabs="http://www.linux.org.tw/CLDP/gb/img/toc.gif" ALT="Contents"></A> </BODY></HTML>⌨️ 快捷键说明
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