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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2 Final//EN"><HTML><HEAD><META HTTP-EQUIV="Content-Type" CONTENT="text/html; charset=gb2312"> <META NAME="GENERATOR" CONTENT="ZH-SGML-Tools 1.0.9"> <TITLE> Linux 的 Database-SQL-RDBMS HOW-TO 文件 (PostgreSQL 物件关联资料库系统): 附录甲□ANSI/ISO SQL 1992 语法 </TITLE> <LINK HREF="PostgreSQL-HOWTO-32.html" tppabs="http://www.linux.org.tw/CLDP/gb/PostgreSQL-HOWTO-32.html" REL=next> <LINK HREF="PostgreSQL-HOWTO-30.html" tppabs="http://www.linux.org.tw/CLDP/gb/PostgreSQL-HOWTO-30.html" REL=previous> <LINK HREF="PostgreSQL-HOWTO.html#toc31" tppabs="http://www.linux.org.tw/CLDP/gb/PostgreSQL-HOWTO.html#toc31" REL=contents><SCRIPT src="menu.js"> function BeginPage() {} function EndPage() {} </SCRIPT> </HEAD> <BODY bgcolor=#FFFFFF MARGINHEIGHT=0 MARGINWIDTH=0> <A HREF="PostgreSQL-HOWTO-32.html" tppabs="http://www.linux.org.tw/CLDP/gb/PostgreSQL-HOWTO-32.html"><IMG SRC="next.gif" tppabs="http://www.linux.org.tw/CLDP/gb/img/next.gif" ALT="Next"></A><A HREF="PostgreSQL-HOWTO-30.html" tppabs="http://www.linux.org.tw/CLDP/gb/PostgreSQL-HOWTO-30.html"><IMG SRC="prev.gif" tppabs="http://www.linux.org.tw/CLDP/gb/img/prev.gif" ALT="Previous"></A><A HREF="PostgreSQL-HOWTO.html#toc31" tppabs="http://www.linux.org.tw/CLDP/gb/PostgreSQL-HOWTO.html#toc31"><IMG SRC="toc.gif" tppabs="http://www.linux.org.tw/CLDP/gb/img/toc.gif" ALT="Contents"></A><HR><H2><A NAME="Appendix A"></A> <A NAME="s31">31. 附录甲□ANSI/ISO SQL 1992 语法 </A></H2><P><BLOCKQUOTE><CODE><PRE>这档案中包括这语言的 BNF 以深度为先的树状模扫 (depth-first tree traversal)，大约在 27-AUG-1992 11:03:41.64 完成。这个特定版本所用的 BNF 是只用 ANSI 和 SQL2 的。<SQL terminal character> ::= <SQL language character> | <SQL embedded language character><SQL language character> ::= <simple Latin letter> | <digit> | <SQL special character><simple Latin letter> ::= <simple Latin upper case letter> | <simple Latin lower case letter><simple Latin upper case letter> ::= A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z<simple Latin lower case letter> ::= a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z<digit> ::= 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9<SQL special character> ::= <space> | <double quote> | <percent> | <ampersand> | <quote> | <left paren> | <right paren> | <asterisk> | <plus sign> | <comma> | <minus sign> | <period> | <solidus> | <colon> | <semicolon> | <less than operator> | <equals operator> | <greater than operator> | <question mark> | <underscore> | <vertical bar><space> ::= !! <EMPHASIS>(space character in character set in use)<double quote> ::= "<percent> ::= %<ampersand> ::= &<quote> ::= '<left paren> ::= (<right paren> ::= )<asterisk> ::= *<plus sign> ::= +<comma> ::= ,<minus sign> ::= -<period> ::= .<solidus> ::= /<colon> ::= :<semicolon> ::= ;<less than operator> ::= <<equals operator> ::= =<greater than operator> ::= ><question mark> ::= ?<underscore> ::= _<vertical bar> ::= |<SQL embedded language character> ::= <left bracket> | <right bracket><left bracket> ::= [<right bracket> ::= ]<token> ::= <nondelimiter token> | <delimiter token><nondelimiter token> ::= <regular identifier> | <key word> | <unsigned numeric literal> | <national character string literal> | <bit string literal> | <hex string literal><regular identifier> ::= <identifier body><identifier body> ::= <identifier start> [ ( <underscore> | <identifier part> )... ]<identifier start> ::= <EMPHASIS>(!! See the Syntax Rules)<identifier part> ::= <identifier start> | <digit><key word> ::= <reserved word> | <non-reserved word><reserved word> ::= ABSOLUTE | ACTION | ADD | ALL | ALLOCATE | ALTER | AND | ANY | ARE | AS | ASC | ASSERTION | AT | AUTHORIZATION | AVG | BEGIN | BETWEEN | BIT | BIT_LENGTH | BOTH | BY | CASCADE | CASCADED | CASE | CAST | CATALOG | CHAR | CHARACTER | CHAR_LENGTH | CHARACTER_LENGTH | CHECK | CLOSE | COALESCE | COLLATE | COLLATION | COLUMN | COMMIT | CONNECT | CONNECTION | CONSTRAINT | CONSTRAINTS | CONTINUE | CONVERT | CORRESPONDING | COUNT | CREATE | CROSS | CURRENT | CURRENT_DATE | CURRENT_TIME | CURRENT_TIMESTAMP | CURRENT_USER | CURSOR | DATE | DAY | DEALLOCATE | DEC | DECIMAL | DECLARE | DEFAULT | DEFERRABLE | DEFERRED | DELETE | DESC | DESCRIBE | DESCRIPTOR | DIAGNOSTICS | DISCONNECT | DISTINCT | DOMAIN | DOUBLE | DROP | ELSE | END | END-EXEC | ESCAPE | EXCEPT | EXCEPTION | EXEC | EXECUTE | EXISTS | EXTERNAL | EXTRACT | FALSE | FETCH | FIRST | FLOAT | FOR | FOREIGN | FOUND | FROM | FULL | GET | GLOBAL | GO | GOTO | GRANT | GROUP | HAVING | HOUR | IDENTITY | IMMEDIATE | IN | INDICATOR | INITIALLY | INNER | INPUT | INSENSITIVE | INSERT | INT | INTEGER | INTERSECT | INTERVAL | INTO | IS | ISOLATION | JOIN | KEY | LANGUAGE | LAST | LEADING | LEFT | LEVEL | LIKE | LOCAL | LOWER | MATCH | MAX | MIN | MINUTE | MODULE | MONTH | NAMES | NATIONAL | NATURAL | NCHAR | NEXT | NO | NOT | NULL | NULLIF | NUMERIC | OCTET_LENGTH | OF | ON | ONLY | OPEN | OPTION | OR | ORDER | OUTER | OUTPUT | OVERLAPS | PAD | PARTIAL | POSITION | PRECISION | PREPARE | PRESERVE | PRIMARY | PRIOR | PRIVILEGES | PROCEDURE | PUBLIC | READ | REAL | REFERENCES | RELATIVE | RESTRICT | REVOKE | RIGHT | ROLLBACK | ROWS | SCHEMA | SCROLL | SECOND | SECTION | SELECT | SESSION | SESSION_USER | SET | SIZE | SMALLINT | SOME | SPACE | SQL | SQLCODE | SQLERROR | SQLSTATE | SUBSTRING | SUM | SYSTEM_USER | TABLE | TEMPORARY | THEN | TIME | TIMESTAMP | TIMEZONE_HOUR | TIMEZONE_MINUTE | TO | TRAILING | TRANSACTION | TRANSLATE | TRANSLATION | TRIM | TRUE | UNION | UNIQUE | UNKNOWN | UPDATE | UPPER | USAGE | USER | USING | VALUE | VALUES | VARCHAR | VARYING | VIEW | WHEN | WHENEVER | WHERE | WITH | WORK | WRITE | YEAR | ZONE<non-reserved word> ::= ADA | C | CATALOG_NAME | CHARACTER_SET_CATALOG | CHARACTER_SET_NAME | CHARACTER_SET_SCHEMA | CLASS_ORIGIN | COBOL | COLLATION_CATALOG | COLLATION_NAME | COLLATION_SCHEMA | COLUMN_NAME | COMMAND_FUNCTION | COMMITTED | CONDITION_NUMBER | CONNECTION_NAME | CONSTRAINT_CATALOG | CONSTRAINT_NAME | CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA | CURSOR_NAME | DATA | DATETIME_INTERVAL_CODE | DATETIME_INTERVAL_PRECISION | DYNAMIC_FUNCTION | FORTRAN | LENGTH | MESSAGE_LENGTH | MESSAGE_OCTET_LENGTH | MESSAGE_TEXT | MORE | MUMPS | NAME | NULLABLE | NUMBER | PASCAL | PLI | REPEATABLE | RETURNED_LENGTH | RETURNED_OCTET_LENGTH | RETURNED_SQLSTATE | ROW_COUNT | SCALE | SCHEMA_NAME | SERIALIZABLE | SERVER_NAME | SUBCLASS_ORIGIN | TABLE_NAME | TYPE | UNCOMMITTED | UNNAMED<unsigned numeric literal> ::= <exact numeric literal> | <approximate numeric literal><exact numeric literal> ::= <unsigned integer> [ <period> [ <unsigned integer> ] ] | <period> <unsigned integer><unsigned integer> ::= <digit>...<approximate numeric literal> ::= <mantissa> E <exponent><mantissa> ::= <exact numeric literal><exponent> ::= <signed integer><signed integer> ::= [ <sign> ] <unsigned integer><sign> ::= <plus sign> | <minus sign><national character string literal> ::= N <quote> [ <character representation>... ] <quote> [ ( <separator>... <quote> [ <character representation>... ] <quote> )... ]<character representation> ::= <nonquote character> | <quote symbol><nonquote character> ::= !! <EMPHASIS>(See the Syntax Rules.)<quote symbol> ::= <quote><quote><separator> ::= ( <comment> | <space> | <newline> )...<comment> ::= <comment introducer> [ <comment character>... ] <newline><comment introducer> ::= <minus sign><minus sign>[<minus sign>...]<comment character> ::= <nonquote character> | <quote><newline> ::= !! <EMPHASIS>(implementation-defined end-of-line indicator)<bit string literal> ::= B <quote> [ <bit>... ] <quote> [ ( <separator>... <quote> [ <bit>... ] <quote> )... ]<bit> ::= 0 | 1<hex string literal> ::= X <quote> [ <hexit>... ] <quote> [ ( <separator>... <quote> [ <hexit>... ] <quote> )... ]<hexit> ::= <digit> | A | B | C | D | E | F | a | b | c | d | e | f<delimiter token> ::= <character string literal> | <date string> | <time string> | <timestamp string> | <interval string> | <delimited identifier> | <SQL special character> | <not equals operator> | <greater than or equals operator> | <less than or equals operator> | <concatenation operator> | <double period> | <left bracket> | <right bracket><character string literal> ::= [ <introducer><character set specification> ] <quote> [ <character representation>... ] <quote> [ ( <separator>... <quote> [ <character representation>... ] <quote> )... ]<introducer> ::= <underscore><character set specification> ::= <standard character repertoire name> | <implementation-defined character repertoire name> | <user-defined character repertoire name> | <standard universal character form-of-use name> | <implementation-defined universal character form-of-use name><standard character repertoire name> ::= <character set name><character set name> ::= [ <schema name> <period> ] <SQL language identifier><schema name> ::= [ <catalog name> <period> ] <unqualified schema name><catalog name> ::= <identifier><identifier> ::= [ <introducer><character set specification> ] <actual identifier><actual identifier> ::= <regular identifier> | <delimited identifier><delimited identifier> ::= <double quote> <delimited identifier body> <double quote><delimited identifier body> ::= <delimited identifier part>...<delimited identifier part> ::= <nondoublequote character> | <doublequote symbol><nondoublequote character> ::= <EMPHASIS>(!! See the Syntax Rules)<doublequote symbol> ::= <double quote><double quote><unqualified schema name> ::= <identifier><SQL language identifier> ::= <SQL language identifier start> [ ( <underscore> | <SQL language identifier part> )... ]<SQL language identifier start> ::= <simple Latin letter><SQL language identifier part> ::= <simple Latin letter> | <digit><implementation-defined character repertoire name> ::= <character set name><user-defined character repertoire name> ::= <character set name><standard universal character form-of-use name> ::= <character set name><implementation-defined universal character form-of-use name> ::= <character set name><date string> ::= <quote> <date value> <quote><date value> ::= <years value> <minus sign> <months value> <minus sign> <days value><years value> ::= <datetime value><datetime value> ::= <unsigned integer><months value> ::= <datetime value><days value> ::= <datetime value><time string> ::= <quote> <time value> [ <time zone interval> ] <quote><time value> ::= <hours value> <colon> <minutes value> <colon> <seconds value><hours value> ::= <datetime value><minutes value> ::= <datetime value><seconds value> ::= <seconds integer value> [ <period> [ <seconds fraction> ] ]<seconds integer value> ::= <unsigned integer><seconds fraction> ::= <unsigned integer><time zone interval> ::= <sign> <hours value> <colon> <minutes value><timestamp string> ::= <quote> <date value> <space> <time value> [ <time zone interval> ] <quote><interval string> ::= <quote> ( <year-month literal> | <day-time literal> ) <quote><year-month literal> ::= <years value> | [ <years value> <minus sign> ] <months value><day-time literal> ::= <day-time interval> | <time interval><day-time interval> ::= <days value> [ <space> <hours value> [ <colon> <minutes value> [ <colon> <seconds value> ] ] ]<time interval> ::= <hours value> [ <colon> <minutes value> [ <colon> <seconds value> ] ] | <minutes value> [ <colon> <seconds value> ] | <seconds value><not equals operator> ::= <><greater than or equals operator> ::= >=<less than or equals operator> ::= <=<concatenation operator> ::= ||<double period> ::= ..<module> ::= <module name clause> <language clause> <module authorization clause>⌨️ 快捷键说明
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