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linux终端仿真程序

and to manually select termcap:

  compile -DM_TERMCAP and link -ltcap -ltermlib

<curses.h> looks at M_TERMINFO and M_TERMCAP to decide which header files to
use.  /usr/lib/libcurses.a is a link to either libtinfo.a or libtcap.a.  The
C-Kermit compilation options must agree with the version of the curses library
that is actually installed.

NOTE: If you are doing an ANSI-C compilation and you get compile time warnings
like the following:

  Warning: function not declared in ckuusx.c: wmove, printw, wclrtoeol,
  wclear, wrefresh, endwin, etc...

it means that your <curses.h> file does not contain prototypes for these
functions.  The warnings should be harmless.

Screen refresh capability (to repaint a file transfer display that was messed
up because of a broadcast message or similar interference) was added in
C-Kermit 5A(190).  A totally satisfactory repainting job can be done only if
the screen management library includes clearok() and wrefresh() functions or
the equivalent.  To enable the use of these functions, add the following
definition to your CFLAGS:

  -DCK_WREFRESH

or "#define CK_REFRESH" in ckcdeb.h file.  If this symbol is not defined,
the screen can be only partially refreshed, because some of the information
(such as the filename) has already passed by.

UNIX VERSIONS

There are several major varieties of UNIX: Bell Laboratories Seventh Edition,
AT&T System V, Berkeley Standard Distribution (BSD), and POSIX.  Each has
many, many subvarieties and descendents, and there are also hybrids that
exhibit symptoms of two or more varieties, plus special quirks of their own.

Seventh edition versions of C-Kermit include the compile-time option -DV7 in
the CFLAGS string in the makefile entry.  Various V7-based implementations are
also supported: -DCOHERENT, -DMINIX, etc.

AT&T-based versions of UNIX Kermit include the compile-time option -DATTSV
(standing for AT&T UNIX System V).  This applies to System III and to System V
up to and including Release 2.  For System V Release 3, the flag -DSVR3 should
be used instead (which also implies -DATTSV).  This is because the data type
of signal() and several other functions was changed between SVR2 and SVR3.
For System V Release 4, include -DSVR4 because of changes in UUCP lockfile
conventions; this also implies -DSVR3 and -DATTSV.

For BSD, the flag -BSDxx must be included, where xx is the BSD version
number, for example BSD4 (for version 4.2 or later, using only 4.2 features),
-DBSD41 (for BSD 4.1 only), -DBSD43 (for 4.3 or later), -DBSD29 (BSD 2.9
for DEC PDP-11s).

For POSIX, include the flag -DPOSIX.  POSIX defines a whole new set of
terminal i/o functions that are not found in traditional AT&T or Berkeley
implementations, and also defines the symbol _POSIX_SOURCE, which is used
in many system and library header files, mainly to disable non-POSIX features.

There is a tendency for UNIX implementations to be neither pure AT&T nor pure
BSD nor pure POSIX, but a mixture of two or more of these, with "compatibility
features" allowing different varieties of programs to be built on the same
computer.  In general, Kermit tries not to mix & match but to keep a
consistent repertoire throughout.  However, there are certain UNIX
implementations that only work when you mix and match.  For example, the
Silicon Graphics Iris workstation IRIX operating system (prior to version 3.3)
is an AT&T UNIX but with a BSD file system.  The only way you can build Kermit
successfully for this configuration is to include -DSVR3 plus the special
option -DLONGFN, meaning "pretend I was built with -DBSDxx when it's time to
compile directory-related code".  See the "iris" makefile entry.

STANDARDS

In edits 166-167, C-Kermit was heavily modified to try to keep abreast of new
standards while still remaining compatible with old versions of C and UNIX.
There are two new standards of interest: ANSI C (as described in Kernighan and
Ritchie, "The C Programming Language", Second Edition, Prentice Hall, 1988)
and POSIX.1 (IEEE Standard 1003.1 and ISO/IEC 9945-1, 1990, "Portable
Operating System Interface").  These two standards have nothing to do with
each other: you can build C-Kermit with a non-ANSI compiler for a POSIX
system, or for a non-POSIX system with with an ANSI compiler.

(a) POSIX

POSIX.1 defines a repertoire of system functions and header files for use by C
language programs.  Most notably, the ioctl() function is not allowed in
POSIX; all ioctl() functions have been replaced by device-specific functions
like tcsetattr(), tcsendbreak(), etc.

Computer systems (UNIX, and reportedly also forthcoming versions of VAX/VMS)
that claim some degree of POSIX compliance have made some attempt to put their
header files in the right places and give them the right names, and to provide
system library functions with the right names and calling conventions.  Within
the header files, POSIX-compliant functions are supposed to be within #ifdef
_POSIX_SOURCE..#endif conditionals, and non-POSIX items are not within these
conditionals.

If C-Kermit is built with the -DPOSIX flag, it attempts to configure itself
for a pure POSIX environment.  It defines _POSIX_SOURCE, it calls only
POSIX-defined functions, and it includes POSIX-defined header files.

If Kermit is built with _D_POSIX_SOURCE but not -DPOSIX, C-Kermit must be
built with one of the -DBSD or -DATTSV flags (or one that implies them), but
still uses only the POSIX features in the system header files.  This allows
C-Kermit to be built on BSD or AT&T systems that have some degree of POSIX
compliance, but still use BSD or AT&T specific features.

If Kermit is built with neither _D_POSIX_SOURCE nor -DPOSIX, the functions and
header files of the selected version of UNIX (or VMS, etc) are used according
to the CFLAGS Kermit was built with.

The POSIX standard does not define anything about uucp lockfiles.  "make
posix" uses NO (repeat, NO) lockfile conventions.  If your POSIX-compliant
UNIX version uses a lockfile convention such as HDBUUCP (see below), use
the "posix" entry, but include the appropriate lockfile option in your KFLAGS
on the "make" command line, for example:

   make posix "KFLAGS=-DHDBUUCP"

POSIX.1 also lacks certain other features that Kermit needs.  For example:

 - There is no defined way for an application to do wildcard matching of
   filenames.  Kermit uses the inode in the directory structure, but POSIX
   does not include this concept.  POSIX.2 will include functions for this,
   named (I think) glob() and fnmatch(), but these functions are not yet in
   Kermit.

 - There is no POSIX mechanism for dealing with modem signals, nor to enable
   RTS/CTS or other hardware flow control.

 - There is no way to check if characters are waiting in a communications
   device (or console) input buffer, short of trying to read them -- no
   select(), ioctl(fd,FIONREAD,blah), rdchk(), etc.  This is bad for CONNECT
   mode and bad for sliding windows.

 - No way to do a millisecond sleep (no nap(), usleep(), select(), etc).

 - There is no popen().

So at this point, there cannot be one single fully functional POSIX form of
C-Kermit unless it also has "extensions", as do Linux, QNX, etc.

(b) ANSI C

The major difference between ANSI C and earlier C compilers is function
prototyping.  ANSI C allows function arguments to be checked for type
agreement, and (when possible) type coercion in the event of a mismatch.  For
this to work, functions and their arguments must be declared before they are
called.  The form for function declarations is different in ANSI C and
non-ANSI C (ANSI C also accepts the earlier form, but then does not do type
checking).

As of edit 167, C-Kermit tries to take full advantage of ANSI C features,
especially function prototyping.  This removes many bugs introduced by
differing data types used or returned by the same functions on different
computers.  ANSI C features are automatically enabled when the symbol __STDC__
is defined.  Most ANSI C compilers, such as GNU CC and the new DEC C compiler
define this symbol internally.

To force use of ANSI C prototypes, include -DCK_ANSIC on the cc command line.
To disable the use of ANSI prototypes, include -DNOANSI.

UNIX MAKE FAILURES

First, be sure the source files are stored on your current disk and directory
with the right names (in lowercase).  Second, make sure that the makefile
itself does not contain any lines with leading spaces: indented lines must all
start with horizontal TAB, and no spaces.

Then make sure that your UNIX PATH is defined to find the appropriate compiler
for your makefile entry.  For example, on SunOS systems, "make sunos41" builds
C-Kermit for the BSD environment, and assumes that /usr/ucb/cc will be used
for compilation and linking.  If your PATH has /usr/5bin ahead of /usr/ucb,
you can have problems at compile or link time (a commonly reported symptom is
the inability to fine "ftime" during linking).  Fix such problems by
redefining your UNIX PATH, or by specifying the appropriate "cc" in CC=
and CC2= statements in your makefile entry.

During edits 166-167, considerable effort went into making C-Kermit compilable
by ANSI C compilers.  This includes prototyping all of C-Kermit's functions,
and including the ANSI-defined system header files for system and library
functions, as defined in K & R, second edition: <string.h>, <stdlib.h>,
<unistd.h> (except in NeXTSTEP this is <libc.h>), and <sys/stdtypes.h>.  If
you get warnings about any of these header files not being found, or about
argument mismatches involving pid_t, uid_t, or gid_t, look in ckcdeb.h and
make amendments.  C-Kermit assumes it is being compiled by an ANSI-compliant C
compiler if __STDC__ is defined, normally defined by the compiler itself.  You
can force ANSI compilation without defining __STDC__ (which some compilers
won't let you define) by including -DCK_ANSIC on the cc command line.

On the other hand, if your compiler defines __STDC__ but still complains about
the syntax of Kermit's function prototypes, you can disable the ANSI-style
function prototyping by including -DNOANSI on the command line.

For SCO OpenServer, UNIX, ODT, and XENIX compilations, be sure to pick the
most appropriate makefile entry, and be sure you have installed an SCO
development system that is keyed to your exact SCO operating system release,
down to the minor version (like 2.3.1).

Also note that SCO distributes some of its libraries in encrypted form, and
they must be decrypted before C-Kermit can be linked with them.  If not, you
might see a message like:

  ld: file /usr/lib/libsocket.a is of unknown type: magic number = 6365

To decrypt, you must supply a key (password) that came with your license.
Call SCO for further info.

If your compiler uses something other than int for the pid (process id) data
type, put -DPID_T=pid_t or whatever in your CFLAGS.

If you get complaints about unknown data types uid_t and gid_t, put
-DUID_T=xxx -DGID_T=yyy in your CFLAGS, where xxx and yyy are the appropriate
types.

If your compilation fails because of conflicting or duplicate declarations for
sys_errlist, add -DNDSYSERRLIST to CFLAGS.

If your compilation dies because getpwnam() is being redeclared (or because
of "conflicting types for getwpnam"), add -DNDGPWNAM to your CFLAGS.
If that doesn't work, then add -DDCGPWNAM to your CFLAGS (see ckufio.c around
line 440).

If the compiler complains about the declaration of getpwnam() during an ANSI C
compilation, remove the declaration from ckufio.c or change the argument in
the prototype from (char *) to (const char *).

If you get complaints that getpwuid() is being called with an improper type,
put -DPWID_T=xx in your CFLAGS.

If you get compile-time warnings that t_brkc or t_eofc (tchars structure
members, used in BSD-based versions) are undefined, or structure-member-
related warnings that might be traced to this fact, add -DNOBRKC to CFLAGS.

If you get a linker message to the effect that _setreuid or _setregid is not
defined, add -DNOSETREU to CFLAGS, or add -DCKTYP_H=<blah> to CFLAGS to make
C-Kermit read the right <types.h>-kind-of-file to pick up these definitions.

If you get a message that _popen is undefined, add -DNOPOPEN to CFLAGS.

If you get a complaint at compile time about an illegal pointer-integer
combination in ckufio.c involving popen(), or at link time that _popen is an
undefined symbol, add the declaration "FILE *popen();" to the function zxcmd()
in ckufio.c (this declaration is supposed to be in <stdio.h>).  If making this
change does not help, then apparently your UNIX does not have the popen()
function, so you should add -DNOPOPEN to your make entry, in which case
certain functions involving "file" i/o to the standard input and output of
subprocesses will not be available.

If your linker complains that _getcwd is undefined, you can add a getcwd()
function to ckufio.c, or add it to your libc.a library using ar:

#include <stdio.h>

char *
getcwd(buf,size) char *buf; int size; {
#ifndef NOPOPEN
#ifdef DCLPOPEN
    FILE *popen();
#endif
    FILE *pfp;

    if (!buf) return(NULL);
    if (!(pfp = popen("pwd","r"))) return(NULL);
    fgets(buf,size-2,pfp);
    pclose(pfp);
    buf[strlen(buf)-1] = '\0';
    return((char *)buf);
#else
    buf[0] = '\0';
    return(NULL);
#endif /* NOPOPEN */
}

#ifdef NOPOPEN