kresolver.h

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/*  -*- mode: C++; coding: utf-8; -*-
 *  Copyright (C) 2003,2005 Thiago Macieira <[e-mail]>
 *
 *
 *  Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
 *  a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
 *  "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
 *  without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
 *  distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
 *  permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
 *  the following conditions:
 *
 *  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included 
 *  in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
 *
 *  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
 *  EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
 *  MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
 *  NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE
 *  LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION
 *  OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
 *  WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
 */

#ifndef KRESOLVER_H
#define KRESOLVER_H

//////////////////
// Needed includes
#include <qvaluelist.h>
#include <qobject.h>
#include "ksocketaddress.h"


////////////////////////
// Forward declarations
struct sockaddr;
class QString;
class QCString;
class QStrList;

//////////////////
// Our definitions

namespace KNetwork {

  namespace Internal { class KResolverManager; }

class KResolverEntryPrivate;
/** @class KResolverEntry kresolver.h kresolver.h
 *  @brief One resolution entry.
 *
 * This class is one element in the resolution results list.
 * It contains the socket address for connecting, as well as
 * a bit more of information: the socket type, address family
 * and protocol numbers.
 *
 * This class contains all the information required for creating,
 * binding and connecting a socket.
 *
 * KResolverEntry objects implicitly share data, so copying them
 * is quite efficient.
 *
 * @author Thiago Macieira <[e-mail]>
 */
class KDECORE_EXPORT KResolverEntry
{
public:
  /**
   * Default constructor
   *
   */
  KResolverEntry();

  /**
   * Constructs a new KResolverEntry from a KSocketAddress
   * and other data.
   *
   * The KSocketAddress @p addr parameter will be deep-copied.
   *
   * @param addr	the address that was resolved
   * @param socktype	the socket type of the resolved address
   * @param protocol	the protocol of the resolved address
   * @param canonName	the canonical name of the resolved hostname
   * @param encodedName	the ASCII-compatible encoding of the hostname
   */
  KResolverEntry(const KSocketAddress& addr, int socktype, int protocol,
		const QString& canonName = QString::null,
		const QCString& encodedName = QCString());

  /**
   * Constructs a new KResolverEntry from raw forms of
   * socket addresses and other data.
   *
   * This constructor instead creates an internal KSocketAddress object.
   *
   * @param sa		the sockaddr structure containing the raw address
   * @param salen	the length of the sockaddr structure
   * @param socktype	the socket type of the resolved address
   * @param protocol	the protocol of the resolved address
   * @param canonName	the canonical name of the resolved hostname
   * @param encodedName	the ASCII-compatible encoding of the hostname
   */
  KResolverEntry(const struct sockaddr *sa, Q_UINT16 salen, int socktype,
		int protocol, const QString& canonName = QString::null,
		const QCString& encodedName = QCString());

  /**
   * Copy constructor.
   *
   * This constructor performs a shallow-copy of the other object.
   */
  KResolverEntry(const KResolverEntry &other);

  /**
   * Destructor.
   *
   * The destructor frees associated resources with this object. It does
   * not destroy shared data.
   */
  ~KResolverEntry();

  /**
   * Retrieves the socket address associated with this entry.
   */
  KSocketAddress address() const;

  /**
   * Retrieves the length of the socket address structure.
   */
  Q_UINT16 length() const;

  /**
   * Retrieves the family associated with this socket address.
   */
  int family() const;

  /**
   * Retrieves the canonical name associated with this entry, if there is any.
   * If the canonical name was not found, this function returns QString::null.
   */
  QString canonicalName() const;

  /**
   * Retrieves the encoded domain name associated with this entry, if there is
   * any. If this domain has been resolved through DNS, this will be the
   * the ACE-encoded hostname.
   *
   * Returns a null QCString if such information is not available.
   *
   * Please note that this information is NOT to be presented to the user,
   * unless requested.
   */
  QCString encodedName() const;

  /**
   * Retrieves the socket type associated with this entry.
   */
  int socketType() const;

  /**
   * Retrieves the protocol associated with this entry.
   */
  int protocol() const;

  /**
   * Assignment operator
   *
   * This function copies the contents of the other object into this one.
   * Data will be shared between the two of them.
   */
  KResolverEntry& operator=(const KResolverEntry& other);

private:
  KResolverEntryPrivate* d;
};

class KResolverResultsPrivate;
/**
 * @class KResolverResults kresolver.h kresolver.h
 * @brief Name and service resolution results.
 *
 * This object contains the results of a name and service resolution, as
 * those performed by @ref KResolver. It is also a descendant of QValueList, so
 * you may use all its member functions here to access the elements.
 *
 * A KResolverResults object is associated with a resolution, so, in addition
 * to the resolved elements, you can also retrieve information about the 
 * resolution process itself, like the nodename that was resolved or an error
 * code.
 *
 * Note Resolver also uses KResolverResults objects to indicate failure, so
 * you should test for failure.
 *
 * @author Thiago Macieira <[e-mail]>
 */
class KDECORE_EXPORT KResolverResults: public QValueList<KResolverEntry>
{
public:
  /**
   * Default constructor.
   *
   * Constructs an empty list.
   */
  KResolverResults();

  /**
   * Copy constructor
   *
   * Creates a new object with the contents of the other one. Data will be
   * shared by the two objects, like QValueList
   */
  KResolverResults(const KResolverResults& other);

  /**
   * Destructor
   *
   * Destroys the object and frees associated resources.
   */
  virtual ~KResolverResults();

  /**
   * Assignment operator
   *
   * Copies the contents of the other container into this one, discarding
   * our current values.
   */
  KResolverResults& operator=(const KResolverResults& other);

  /**
   * Retrieves the error code associated with this resolution. The values
   * here are the same as in @ref KResolver::ErrorCodes.
   */
  int error() const;

  /**
   * Retrieves the system error code, if any.
   * @see KResolver::systemError for more information
   */
  int systemError() const;

  /**
   * Sets the error codes
   *
   * @param errorcode		the error code in @ref KResolver::ErrorCodes
   * @param systemerror	the system error code associated, if any
   */
  void setError(int errorcode, int systemerror = 0);

  /**
   * The nodename to which the resolution was performed.
   */
  QString nodeName() const;

  /**
   * The service name to which the resolution was performed.
   */
  QString serviceName() const;

  /**
   * Sets the new nodename and service name
   */
  void setAddress(const QString& host, const QString& service);

protected:
  virtual void virtual_hook( int id, void* data );
private:
  KResolverResultsPrivate* d;
};

class KResolverPrivate;
/**
 * @class KResolver kresolver.h kresolver.h
 * @brief Name and service resolution class.
 *
 * This class provides support for doing name-to-binary resolution
 * for nodenames and service ports. You should use this class if you
 * need specific resolution techniques when creating a socket or if you
 * want to inspect the results before calling the socket functions.
 *
 * You can either create an object and set the options you want in it
 * or you can simply call the static member functions, which will create
 * standard Resolver objects and dispatch the resolution for you. Normally,
 * the static functions will be used, except in cases where specific options
 * must be set.
 *
 * A Resolver object defaults to the following:
 * @li address family: any address family
 * @li socket type: streaming socket
 * @li protocol: implementation-defined. Generally, TCP
 * @li host and service: unset
 *
 * @author Thiago Macieira <[e-mail]>
 */
class KDECORE_EXPORT KResolver: public QObject
{
  Q_OBJECT

public:

  /**
   * Address family selection types
   *
   * These values can be OR-ed together to form a composite family selection.
   *
   * @li UnknownFamily: a family that is unknown to the current implementation
   * @li KnownFamily: a family that is known to the implementation (the exact
   *		opposite of UnknownFamily)
   * @li AnyFamilies: any address family is acceptable
   * @li InternetFamily: an address for connecting to the Internet
   * @li InetFamily: alias for InternetFamily
   * @li IPv6Family: an IPv6 address only
   * @li IPv4Family: an IPv4 address only
   * @li UnixFamily: an address for the local Unix namespace (i.e., Unix sockets)
   * @li LocalFamily: alias for UnixFamily
   */
  enum SocketFamilies
  {
    UnknownFamily = 0x0001,

    UnixFamily = 0x0002,
    LocalFamily = UnixFamily,

    IPv4Family = 0x0004,
    IPv6Family = 0x0008,
    InternetFamily = IPv4Family | IPv6Family,
    InetFamily = InternetFamily,

    KnownFamily = ~UnknownFamily,
    AnyFamily = KnownFamily | UnknownFamily
  };

  /**
   * Flags for the resolution.
   *
   * These flags are used for setting the resolution behaviour for this
   * object:
   * @li Passive: resolve to a passive socket (i.e., one that can be used for
   *		binding to a local interface)
   * @li CanonName: request that the canonical name for the given nodename
   *		be found and recorded
   * @li NoResolve: request that no external resolution be performed. The given
   *		nodename and servicename will be resolved locally only.
   * @li NoSrv: don't try to use SRV-based name-resolution. (deprecated)
   * @li UseSrv: use SRV-based name resolution.
   * @li Multiport: the port/service argument is a list of port numbers and
   *		ranges. (future extension)
   *
   * @note SRV-based lookup and Multiport are not implemented yet.
   */
  enum Flags
    {
      Passive = 0x01,
      CanonName = 0x02,
      NoResolve = 0x04,
      NoSrv = 0x08,
      Multiport = 0x10,
      UseSrv = 0x20
    };

  /**
   * Error codes
   *
   * These are the possible error values that objects of this class
   * may return. See \ref errorString() for getting a string representation
   * for these errors.
   *
   * @li AddrFamily: Address family for the given nodename is not supported.
   * @li TryAgain: Temporary failure in name resolution. You should try again.
   * @li NonRecoverable: Non-recoverable failure in name resolution.
   * @li BadFlags: Invalid flags were given.
   * @li Memory: Memory allocation failure.
   * @li NoName: The specified name or service doesn't exist.
   * @li UnsupportedFamily: The requested socket family is not supported.
   * @li UnsupportedService: The requested service is not supported for this
   *		socket type (i.e., a datagram service in a streaming socket).
   * @li UnsupportedSocketType: The requested socket type is not supported.
   * @li UnknownError: An unknown, unexpected error occurred.
   * @li SystemError: A system error occurred. See @ref systemError.
   * @li Canceled: This request was cancelled by the user.
   */
  enum ErrorCodes
    {
      // note: if you change this enum, take a look at KResolver::errorString
      NoError = 0,
      AddrFamily = -1,
      TryAgain = -2,
      NonRecoverable = -3,
      BadFlags = -4,
      Memory = -5,
      NoName = -6,
      UnsupportedFamily = -7,
      UnsupportedService = -8,
      UnsupportedSocketType = -9,
      UnknownError = -10,
      SystemError = -11,
      Canceled = -100
    };

  /**
   * Status codes.
   *
   * These are the possible status for a Resolver object. A value
   * greater than zero indicates normal behaviour, while negative
   * values either indicate failure or error.
   *
   * @li Idle: resolution has not yet been started.
   * @li Queued: resolution is queued but not yet in progress.
   * @li InProgress: resolution is in progress.
   * @li PostProcessing: resolution is in progress.
   * @li Success: resolution is done; you can retrieve the results.
   * @li Canceled: request cancelled by the user.
   * @li Failed: resolution is done, but failed.
   *
   * Note: the status Canceled and the error code Canceled are the same.
   *
   * Note 2: the status Queued and InProgress might not be distinguishable.
   * Some implementations might not differentiate one from the other.
   */
  enum StatusCodes
    {
      Idle = 0,
      Queued = 1,
      InProgress = 5,
      PostProcessing = 6,
      Success = 10,
      //Canceled = -100,	// already defined above
      Failed = -101
    };

  /**
   * Default constructor.
   *
   * Creates an empty Resolver object. You should set the wanted
   * names and flags using the member functions before starting
   * the name resolution.
   */
  KResolver(QObject * = 0L, const char * = 0L);

  /**
   * Constructor with host and service names.
   *
   * Creates a Resolver object with the given host and
   * service names. Flags are initialised to 0 and any address family
   * will be accepted.
   *
   * @param nodename	The host name we want resolved.
   * @param servicename	The service name associated, like "http".
   */
  KResolver(const QString& nodename, const QString& servicename = QString::null,
	    QObject * = 0L, const char * = 0L);

  /**
   * Destructor.
   *
   * When this object is deleted, it'll destroy all associated
   * resources. If the resolution is still in progress, it will be
   * cancelled and the signal will \b not be emitted.
   */
  virtual ~KResolver();

  /**
   * Retrieve the current status of this object.
   *
   * @see StatusCodes for the possible status codes.
   */
  int status() const;

  /**
   * Retrieve the error code in this object.
   *
   * This function will return NoError if we are not in
   * an error condition. See @ref status and @ref StatusCodes to