📄 answer_1.htm
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10.5pt;font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>准考证号</span><span
lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt'>+</span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>姓名</span><span
lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt'>+{</span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>课程名</span><span
lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt'>+</span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>成绩<span
lang=EN-US>}</span></span><span lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt'>+</span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>合格／不合格标志<span
lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><span
lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt'>(2)</span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>报名号</span><span
lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt'>+</span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>姓名</span><span
lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt'>+</span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>通信地址</span><span
lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt'>+</span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>出生年份</span><span
lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt'>+</span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>文化程度</span><span
lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt'>+</span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>职业<span
lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>【解析】问题</span><span
lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt'>1</span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>中<span
lang=EN-US>"不必画出"是指在某层数据流图中，只画流程图中各加工之间的公共数据文件，隐藏某加工的局部数据文件，这个规则只是为了使整个数据流图的层次结构更科学、更清晰，不过画出"不必画出的数据文件"对数据流图不会造成理解错误。在</span></span><span
lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt'>0</span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>层图中有文件<span
lang=EN-US>"考生名册"和"试卷得分表"，其中"试卷得分表"是加工</span></span><span
lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt'>2</span><span lang=EN-US
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>"统计成绩"的局部数据文件，所以不必画出。<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>问题</span><span
lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt'>2</span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>是要指出哪些图中遗漏了哪些数据流，这需要从两个方面进行考虑：<span
lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>一是父图与子图的平衡，即子图的输入、输出数据流与父图相应的加工的输入、输出数据必须一致。<span
lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>二是针对每个加工至少要有一个输入和输出，反映次加工的数据来源和结果。<span
lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>数据流图</span><span
lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt'>1</span><span lang=EN-US
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>-</span><span
lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt'>3</span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>是加工</span><span
lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt'>2</span><span lang=EN-US
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>"统计成绩"的子图，为了发现图中遗漏的数据流，首先要观察</span><span
lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt'>0</span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>层图中加工</span><span
lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt'>2</span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>的输入、输出流。在</span><span
lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt'>O</span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>层图中，加工</span><span
lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt'>2</span><span lang=EN-US
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>"统计成绩"有</span><span
lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt'>2</span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>个输入流<span
lang=EN-US>"合格标准"和"成绩表"，</span></span><span lang=EN-US
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt'>4</span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;
font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>个输出流<span lang=EN-US>"考生通知单"、"统计分析表"、"难度分析表"和"错误成绩表"。<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>再看加工</span><span
lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt'>2</span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>子图中只有一个输入流<span
lang=EN-US>"成绩表"，可见必然遗漏了一个输入流"合格标准"。根据题目说明提到的"对阅卷站送来的成绩表进行检查，并根据考试中心指定的合格标准审定合格者"，所以输入流"合格标准"应该是输入到加工</span></span><span
lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt'>2.2</span><span lang=EN-US
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>"审定合格者"。<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>加工</span><span
lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt'>2</span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>子图中只有</span><span
lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt'>3</span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>个输出流<span
lang=EN-US>"考生通知单"、"统计分析表"和"难度分析表"，缺少数据流"错误成绩表"。加工</span></span><span
lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt'>2.1</span><span lang=EN-US
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>"检查成绩表"的功能是检查成绩表是否合格，其中一个输出流是"正确成绩表"，自然另一个是输出是"错误成绩表"。因此，第二个遗漏的数据流是"</span><span
lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt'>2.1</span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>检查成绩表<span
lang=EN-US>"的输出数据流"错误成绩表"。<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>根据题目中提到的<span
lang=EN-US>"根据考生信息及考试成绩，按地区、年龄、文化程度和职业进行成绩分类统计及试题难度分析，产生统计分析表"这一说明，可以判断出加工</span></span><span
lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt'>2.4</span><span lang=EN-US
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>"分类统计成绩"除了需要"试卷得分表"的输入流外，还需要考生信息，需要从文件"考生名册"中输入。<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none'><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>问题</span><span
lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt'>3</span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>中根据题目说明中提到的<span
lang=EN-US>"填写考生通知单</span></span><span lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt'>(</span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>内容包含该考生的准考证号、姓名、各课程成绩及最终合格／不合格标志</span><span
lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt'>)</span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>，送给考生<span
lang=EN-US>"，所以考生通知单应该包括考生的准考证号、姓名和最终合格／不合格标志，这种共同组成的含义由符号"</span></span><span
lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt'>+</span><span lang=EN-US
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>"来表示。同时因为考试可能有多门课程共同组成，所以，课程号和该课程的成绩也是必须的。其中的多门课程由符号"{…}"来表示重复。因此，考生通知单</span><span
lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt'>=</span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>准考证号</span><span
lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt'>+</span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>姓名</span><span
lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt'>+{</span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>课程名</span><span
lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt'>+</span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>成绩<span
lang=EN-US>}</span></span><span lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt'>+</span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>合格／不合格标志。<span
lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal align=left style='text-align:left;mso-layout-grid-align:
none;text-autospace:none'><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:
宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>根据题目说明中提到的<span lang=EN-US>"对合格的报名表编好准考证号码后将准考证送给考生"，在</span></span><span
lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt'>0</span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>层图中可以看到，加工</span><span
lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt'>1</span><span lang=EN-US
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>"登记报名表"把考生信息写入文件"考生名册"中，可见"考生名册"中的数据除"准考证号"外均从合格的报名表中得到。因此"报名表"至少需要由报名号、姓名、通信地址、出生年份、文化程度和职业组成。由数据字典定义式表示为：报名表</span><span
lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt'>=</span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>报名号</span><span
lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt'>+</span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>姓名</span><span
lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt'>+</span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>通信地址</span><span
lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt'>+</span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>出生年份</span><span
lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt'>+</span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>文化程度</span><span
lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt'>+</span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>职业。</span><span
style='font-size:8.5pt;font-family:"MS Sans Serif";mso-font-kerning:0pt;
mso-ansi-language:ZH-CN'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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