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<DIV class=postTitle><A class=postTitle2 id=viewpost1_TitleUrl 
href="http://www.blogjava.net/max/archive/2007/04/13/110310.html">在Struts 
2中实现CRUD</A> </DIV>
<P>CRUD是Create（创建）、Read（读取）、Update（更新）和Delete（删除）的缩写，它是普通应用程序的缩影。如果您掌握了某框架的CRUD编写，那么意味可以使用该框架创建普通应用程序了，所以大家使用新框架开发OLTP（Online 
Transaction Processing）应用程序时，首先会研究一下如何编写CRUD。这类似于大家在学习新编程语言时喜欢编写“Hello 
World”。</P>
<P>本文旨在讲述Struts 2上的CRUD开发，所以为了例子的简单易懂，我不会花时间在数据库的操作上。取而代之的是一个模拟数据库的哈希表（Hash 
Map）。</P>
<H2>具体实现</H2>
<P>首先，让我们看看的“冒牌”的DAO（Data Access Object，数据访问对象），代码如下：</P>
<DIV 
style="BORDER-RIGHT: #cccccc 1px solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5px; BORDER-TOP: #cccccc 1px solid; PADDING-LEFT: 4px; FONT-SIZE: 13px; PADDING-BOTTOM: 4px; BORDER-LEFT: #cccccc 1px solid; WIDTH: 98%; WORD-BREAK: break-all; PADDING-TOP: 4px; BORDER-BOTTOM: #cccccc 1px solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #eeeeee"><IMG 
src="在Struts 2中实现CRUD - Max On Java - BlogJava.files/None.gif" align=top><SPAN 
style="COLOR: #0000ff">package</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #000000"> 
tutorial.dao;<BR><IMG 
src="在Struts 2中实现CRUD - Max On Java - BlogJava.files/None.gif" 
align=top><BR><IMG 
src="在Struts 2中实现CRUD - Max On Java - BlogJava.files/None.gif" 
align=top></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #0000ff">import</SPAN><SPAN 
style="COLOR: #000000"> java.util.Collection;<BR><IMG 
src="在Struts 2中实现CRUD - Max On Java - BlogJava.files/None.gif" 
align=top></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #0000ff">import</SPAN><SPAN 
style="COLOR: #000000"> java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;<BR><IMG 
src="在Struts 2中实现CRUD - Max On Java - BlogJava.files/None.gif" 
align=top></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #0000ff">import</SPAN><SPAN 
style="COLOR: #000000"> java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentMap;<BR><IMG 
src="在Struts 2中实现CRUD - Max On Java - BlogJava.files/None.gif" 
align=top><BR><IMG 
src="在Struts 2中实现CRUD - Max On Java - BlogJava.files/None.gif" 
align=top></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #0000ff">import</SPAN><SPAN 
style="COLOR: #000000"> tutorial.model.Book;<BR><IMG 
src="在Struts 2中实现CRUD - Max On Java - BlogJava.files/None.gif" 
align=top><BR><IMG id=Codehighlighter1_193_1438_Open_Image 
onclick="this.style.display='none'; Codehighlighter1_193_1438_Open_Text.style.display='none'; Codehighlighter1_193_1438_Closed_Image.style.display='inline'; Codehighlighter1_193_1438_Closed_Text.style.display='inline';" 
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align=top></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #0000ff">public</SPAN><SPAN 
style="COLOR: #000000"> </SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #0000ff">class</SPAN><SPAN 
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id=Codehighlighter1_193_1438_Closed_Text 
style="BORDER-RIGHT: #808080 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: #808080 1px solid; DISPLAY: none; BORDER-LEFT: #808080 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: #808080 1px solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ffffff"><IMG 
src="在Struts 2中实现CRUD - Max On Java - BlogJava.files/dot.gif"></SPAN><SPAN 
id=Codehighlighter1_193_1438_Open_Text><SPAN style="COLOR: #000000">{<BR><IMG 
src="在Struts 2中实现CRUD - Max On Java - BlogJava.files/InBlock.gif" align=top> 
&nbsp; &nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #0000ff">private</SPAN><SPAN 
style="COLOR: #000000"> </SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #0000ff">static</SPAN><SPAN 
style="COLOR: #000000"> </SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #0000ff">final</SPAN><SPAN 
style="COLOR: #000000"> BookDao instance;<BR><IMG 
src="在Struts 2中实现CRUD - Max On Java - BlogJava.files/InBlock.gif" align=top> 
&nbsp; &nbsp;</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #0000ff">private</SPAN><SPAN 
style="COLOR: #000000"> </SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #0000ff">static</SPAN><SPAN 
style="COLOR: #000000"> </SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #0000ff">final</SPAN><SPAN 
style="COLOR: #000000"> ConcurrentMap</SPAN><SPAN 
style="COLOR: #000000">&lt;</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #000000">String,
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