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     `insn-recog.c' and a warning about a comparison always being zero
     in `enquire.o'.  Any other compilation errors may represent bugs in
     the port to your machine or operating system, and should be
     investigated and reported.

     Some commercial compilers fail to compile GNU CC because they have
     bugs or limitations.  For example, the Microsoft compiler is said
     to run out of macro space.  Some Ultrix compilers run out of
     expression space; then you need to break up the statement where
     the problem happens.

  9. If you are building a cross-compiler, stop here.  *Note
     Cross-Compiler::.

 10. Move the first-stage object files and executables into a
     subdirectory with this command:

          make stage1

     The files are moved into a subdirectory named `stage1'.  Once
     installation is complete, you may wish to delete these files with
     `rm -r stage1'.

 11. If you have chosen a configuration for GNU CC which requires other
     GNU tools (such as GAS or the GNU linker) instead of the standard
     system tools, install the required tools in the `stage1'
     subdirectory under the names `as', `ld' or whatever is
     appropriate.  This will enable the stage 1 compiler to find the
     proper tools in the following stage.

     Alternatively, you can do subsequent compilation using a value of
     the `PATH' environment variable such that the necessary GNU tools
     come before the standard system tools.

 12. Recompile the compiler with itself, with this command:

          make CC="stage1/xgcc -Bstage1/" CFLAGS="-g -O2"

     This is called making the stage 2 compiler.

     The command shown above builds compilers for all the supported
     languages.  If you don't want them all, you can specify the
     languages to build by typing the argument `LANGUAGES="LIST"'.  LIST
     should contain one or more words from the list `c', `c++',
     `objective-c', and `proto'.  Separate the words with spaces.
     `proto' stands for the programs `protoize' and `unprotoize'; they
     are not a separate language, but you use `LANGUAGES' to enable or
     disable their installation.

     If you are going to build the stage 3 compiler, then you might
     want to build only the C language in stage 2.

     Once you have built the stage 2 compiler, if you are short of disk
     space, you can delete the subdirectory `stage1'.

     On a 68000 or 68020 system lacking floating point hardware, unless
     you have selected a `tm.h' file that expects by default that there
     is no such hardware, do this instead:

          make CC="stage1/xgcc -Bstage1/" CFLAGS="-g -O2 -msoft-float"

 13. If you wish to test the compiler by compiling it with itself one
     more time, install any other necessary GNU tools (such as GAS or
     the GNU linker) in the `stage2' subdirectory as you did in the
     `stage1' subdirectory, then do this:

          make stage2
          make CC="stage2/xgcc -Bstage2/" CFLAGS="-g -O2"

     This is called making the stage 3 compiler.  Aside from the `-B'
     option, the compiler options should be the same as when you made
     the stage 2 compiler.  But the `LANGUAGES' option need not be the
     same.  The command shown above builds compilers for all the
     supported languages; if you don't want them all, you can specify
     the languages to build by typing the argument `LANGUAGES="LIST"',
     as described above.

     If you do not have to install any additional GNU tools, you may
     use the command

          make bootstrap LANGUAGES=LANGUAGE-LIST BOOT_CFLAGS=OPTION-LIST

     instead of making `stage1', `stage2', and performing the two
     compiler builds.

 14. Then compare the latest object files with the stage 2 object
     files--they ought to be identical, aside from time stamps (if any).

     On some systems, meaningful comparison of object files is
     impossible; they always appear "different."  This is currently
     true on Solaris and some systems that use ELF object file format.
     On some versions of Irix on SGI machines and DEC Unix (OSF/1) on
     Alpha systems, you will not be able to compare the files without
     specifying `-save-temps'; see the description of individual
     systems above to see if you get comparison failures.  You may have
     similar problems on other systems.

     Use this command to compare the files:

          make compare

     This will mention any object files that differ between stage 2 and
     stage 3.  Any difference, no matter how innocuous, indicates that
     the stage 2 compiler has compiled GNU CC incorrectly, and is
     therefore a potentially serious bug which you should investigate
     and report.

     If your system does not put time stamps in the object files, then
     this is a faster way to compare them (using the Bourne shell):

          for file in *.o; do
          cmp $file stage2/$file
          done

     If you have built the compiler with the `-mno-mips-tfile' option on
     MIPS machines, you will not be able to compare the files.

 15. Install the compiler driver, the compiler's passes and run-time
     support with `make install'.  Use the same value for `CC',
     `CFLAGS' and `LANGUAGES' that you used when compiling the files
     that are being installed.  One reason this is necessary is that
     some versions of Make have bugs and recompile files gratuitously
     when you do this step.  If you use the same variable values, those
     files will be recompiled properly.

     For example, if you have built the stage 2 compiler, you can use
     the following command:

          make install CC="stage2/xgcc -Bstage2/" CFLAGS="-g -O" LANGUAGES="LIST"

     This copies the files `cc1', `cpp' and `libgcc.a' to files `cc1',
     `cpp' and `libgcc.a' in the directory
     `/usr/local/lib/gcc-lib/TARGET/VERSION', which is where the
     compiler driver program looks for them.  Here TARGET is the target
     machine type specified when you ran `configure', and VERSION is
     the version number of GNU CC.  This naming scheme permits various
     versions and/or cross-compilers to coexist.  It also copies the
     executables for compilers for other languages (e.g., `cc1plus' for
     C++) to the same directory.

     This also copies the driver program `xgcc' into
     `/usr/local/bin/gcc', so that it appears in typical execution
     search paths.  It also copies `gcc.1' into `/usr/local/man/man1'
     and info pages into `/usr/local/info'.

     On some systems, this command causes recompilation of some files.
     This is usually due to bugs in `make'.  You should either ignore
     this problem, or use GNU Make.

     *Warning: there is a bug in `alloca' in the Sun library.  To avoid
     this bug, be sure to install the executables of GNU CC that were
     compiled by GNU CC.  (That is, the executables from stage 2 or 3,
     not stage 1.)  They use `alloca' as a built-in function and never
     the one in the library.*

     (It is usually better to install GNU CC executables from stage 2
     or 3, since they usually run faster than the ones compiled with
     some other compiler.)

 16. If you're going to use C++, it's likely that you need to also
     install a C++ runtime library.  Just as GNU C does not distribute
     a C runtime library, it also does not include a C++ runtime
     library.  All I/O functionality, special class libraries, etc., are
     provided by the C++ runtime library.

     Here's one way to build and install a C++ runtime library for GNU
     CC:

        * Build and install GNU CC, so that invoking `gcc' obtains the
          GNU CC that was just built.

        * Obtain a copy of a compatible `libstdc++' distribution.  For
          example, the `libstdc++-2.8.0.tar.gz' distribution should be
          compatible with GCC 2.8.0.  GCC distributors normally
          distribute `libstdc++' as well.

        * Set the `CXX' environment variable to `gcc' while running the
          `libstdc++' distribution's `configure' command.  Use the same
          `configure' options that you used when you invoked GCC's
          `configure' command.

        * Invoke `make' to build the C++ runtime.

        * Invoke `make install' to install the C++ runtime.

     To summarize, after building and installing GNU CC, invoke the
     following shell commands in the topmost directory of the C++
     library distribution.  For CONFIGURE-OPTIONS, use the same options
     that you used to configure GNU CC.

          $ CXX=gcc ./configure CONFIGURE-OPTIONS
          $ make
          $ make install

 17. GNU CC includes a runtime library for Objective-C because it is an
     integral part of the language.  You can find the files associated
     with the library in the subdirectory `objc'.  The GNU Objective-C
     Runtime Library requires header files for the target's C library in
     order to be compiled,and also requires the header files for the
     target's thread library if you want thread support.  *Note
     Cross-Compilers and Header Files: Cross Headers, for discussion
     about header files issues for cross-compilation.

     When you run `configure', it picks the appropriate Objective-C
     thread implementation file for the target platform.  In some
     situations, you may wish to choose a different back-end as some
     platforms support multiple thread implementations or you may wish
     to disable thread support completely.  You do this by specifying a
     value for the OBJC_THREAD_FILE makefile variable on the command
     line when you run make, for example:

          make CC="stage2/xgcc -Bstage2/" CFLAGS="-g -O2" OBJC_THREAD_FILE=thr-single

     Below is a list of the currently available back-ends.

        * thr-single Disable thread support, should work for all
          platforms.

        * thr-decosf1 DEC OSF/1 thread support.

        * thr-irix SGI IRIX thread support.

        * thr-mach Generic MACH thread support, known to work on
          NEXTSTEP.

        * thr-os2 IBM OS/2 thread support.

        * thr-posix Generix POSIX thread support.

        * thr-pthreads PCThreads on Linux-based GNU systems.

        * thr-solaris SUN Solaris thread support.

        * thr-win32 Microsoft Win32 API thread support.

Configurations Supported by GNU CC
==================================

   Here are the possible CPU types:

     1750a, a29k, alpha, arm, cN, clipper, dsp16xx, elxsi, h8300,
     hppa1.0, hppa1.1, i370, i386, i486, i586, i860, i960, m32r,
     m68000, m68k, m88k, mips, mipsel, mips64, mips64el, ns32k,
     powerpc, powerpcle, pyramid, romp, rs6000, sh, sparc, sparclite,
     sparc64, vax, we32k.

   Here are the recognized company names.  As you can see, customary
abbreviations are used rather than the longer official names.

     acorn, alliant, altos, apollo, apple, att, bull, cbm, convergent,
     convex, crds, dec, dg, dolphin, elxsi, encore, harris, hitachi,
     hp, ibm, intergraph, isi, mips, motorola, ncr, next, ns, omron,
     plexus, sequent, sgi, sony, sun, tti, unicom, wrs.

   The company name is meaningful only to disambiguate when the rest of
the information supplied is insufficient.  You can omit it, writing
just `CPU-SYSTEM', if it is not needed.  For example, `vax-ultrix4.2'
is equivalent to `vax-dec-ultrix4.2'.

   Here is a list of system types:

     386bsd, aix, acis, amigaos, aos, aout, aux, bosx, bsd, clix, coff,
     ctix, cxux, dgux, dynix, ebmon, ecoff, elf, esix, freebsd, hms,
     genix, gnu, linux-gnu, hiux, hpux, iris, irix, isc, luna, lynxos,
     mach, minix, msdos, mvs, netbsd, newsos, nindy, ns, osf, osfrose,
     ptx, riscix, riscos, rtu, sco, sim, solaris, sunos, sym, sysv,
     udi, ultrix, unicos, uniplus, unos, vms, vsta, vxworks, winnt,
     xenix.

You can omit the system type; then `configure' guesses the operating
system from the CPU and company.

   You can add a version number to the system type; this may or may not
make a difference.  For example, you can write `bsd4.3' or `bsd4.4' to
distinguish versions of BSD.  In practice, the version number is most
needed for `sysv3' and `sysv4', which are often treated differently.

   If you specify an impossible combination such as `i860-dg-vms', then
you may get an error message from `configure', or it may ignore part of
the information and do the best it can with the rest.  `configure'
always prints the canonical name for the alternative that it used.  GNU
CC does not support all possible alternatives.

   Often a particular model of machine has a name.  Many machine names
are recognized as aliases for CPU/company combinations.  Thus, the
machine name `sun3', mentioned above, is an alias for `m68k-sun'.
Sometimes we accept a company name as a machine name, when the name is
popularly used for a particular machine.  Here is a table of the known
machine names:

     3300, 3b1, 3bN, 7300, altos3068, altos, apollo68, att-7300,