gcc.1

GCC编译器源代码

.\" Copyright (c) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994 Free Software Foundation    -*-Text-*-
.\" See section COPYING for conditions for redistribution
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.Id $Id: gcc.1,v 1.4 1993/10/13 23:19:12 pesch Exp $
.TH GCC 1 "\*(Dt" "GNU Tools" "GNU Tools"
.SH NAME
gcc, g++ \- GNU project C and C++ Compiler (v2.7)
.SH SYNOPSIS
.B gcc
.RI "[ " option " | " filename " ].\|.\|."
.br
.B g++
.RI "[ " option " | " filename " ].\|.\|."
.SH WARNING
The information in this man page is an extract from the full
documentation of the GNU C compiler, and is limited to the meaning of
the options.
.PP
This man page is not kept up to date except when volunteers want to
maintain it.  If you find a discrepancy between the man page and the
software, please check the Info file, which is the authoritative
documentation.
.PP
If we find that the things in this man page that are out of date cause
significant confusion or complaints, we will stop distributing the man
page.  The alternative, updating the man page when we update the Info
file, is impossible because the rest of the work of maintaining GNU CC
leaves us no time for that.  The GNU project regards man pages as
obsolete and should not let them take time away from other things.
.PP
For complete and current documentation, refer to the Info file `\|\c
.B gcc\c
\&\|' or the manual
.I
Using and Porting GNU CC (for version 2.0)\c
\&.  Both are made from the Texinfo source file
.BR gcc.texinfo .
.SH DESCRIPTION
The C and C++ compilers are integrated.  Both process input files
through one or more of four stages: preprocessing, compilation,
assembly, and linking.  Source filename suffixes identify the source
language, but which name you use for the compiler governs default
assumptions:
.TP
.B gcc
assumes preprocessed (\c
.B .i\c
\&) files are C and assumes C style linking.
.TP
.B g++
assumes preprocessed (\c
.B .i\c
\&) files are C++ and assumes C++ style linking.
.PP
Suffixes of source file names indicate the language and kind of
processing to be done:
.Sp
.nf
.ta \w'\fB.cxx\fP  'u
\&\fB.c\fP	C source; preprocess, compile, assemble
\&\fB.C\fP	C++ source; preprocess, compile, assemble
\&\fB.cc\fP	C++ source; preprocess, compile, assemble
\&\fB.cxx\fP	C++ source; preprocess, compile, assemble
\&\fB.m\fP	Objective-C source; preprocess, compile, assemble
\&\fB.i\fP	preprocessed C; compile, assemble
\&\fB.ii\fP	preprocessed C++; compile, assemble
\&\fB.s\fP	Assembler source; assemble
\&\fB.S\fP	Assembler source; preprocess, assemble
\&\fB.h\fP	Preprocessor file; not usually named on command line
.Sp
.fi
Files with other suffixes are passed to the linker.  Common cases include:
.Sp
.nf
\&\fB.o\fP	Object file
\&\fB.a\fP	Archive file
.br
.fi
.Sp
Linking is always the last stage unless you use one of the
.BR \-c ,
.BR \-S ,
or
.B \-E
options to avoid it (or unless compilation errors stop the whole
process).  For the link stage, all
.B .o
files corresponding to source files,
.B \-l
libraries, unrecognized filenames (including named
.B .o
object files and
.B .a
archives)
are passed to the linker in command-line order.
.SH OPTIONS
Options must be separate: `\|\c
.B \-dr\c
\&\|' is quite different from `\|\c
.B \-d \-r
\&\|'.
.PP
Most `\|\c
.B \-f\c
\&\|' and `\|\c
.B \-W\c
\&\|' options have two contrary forms:
.BI \-f name
and
.BI \-fno\- name\c
\& (or
.BI \-W name
and
.BI \-Wno\- name\c
\&).  Only the non-default forms are shown here.
.PP
Here is a summary of all the options, grouped by type.  Explanations are
in the following sections.
.hy 0
.na
.TP
.B Overall Options
.br
\-c
\-S
\-E
.RI "\-o " file
\-pipe
\-v
.RI "\-x " language
.TP
.B Language Options
\-ansi
\-fall\-virtual
\-fcond\-mismatch
\-fdollars\-in\-identifiers
\-fenum\-int\-equiv
\-fexternal\-templates
\-fno\-asm
\-fno\-builtin
\-fhosted
\-fno\-hosted
\-ffreestanding
\-fno\-freestanding
\-fno\-strict\-prototype
\-fsigned\-bitfields
\-fsigned\-char
\-fthis\-is\-variable
\-funsigned\-bitfields
\-funsigned\-char
\-fwritable\-strings
\-traditional
\-traditional\-cpp
\-trigraphs
.TP
.B Warning Options
\-fsyntax\-only
\-pedantic
\-pedantic\-errors
\-w
\-W
\-Wall
\-Waggregate\-return
\-Wcast\-align
\-Wcast\-qual
\-Wchar\-subscript
\-Wcomment
\-Wconversion
\-Wenum\-clash
\-Werror
\-Wformat
.RI \-Wid\-clash\- len
\-Wimplicit
\-Wimplicit\-int
\-Wimplicit\-function\-declaration
\-Winline
\-Wmain
\-Wmissing\-prototypes
\-Wmissing\-declarations
\-Wnested\-externs
\-Wno\-import
\-Wparentheses
\-Wpointer\-arith
\-Wredundant\-decls
\-Wreturn\-type
\-Wshadow
\-Wstrict\-prototypes
\-Wswitch
\-Wtemplate\-debugging
\-Wtraditional
\-Wtrigraphs
\-Wuninitialized
\-Wunused
\-Wwrite\-strings
.TP
.B Debugging Options
\-a
.RI \-d letters
\-fpretend\-float
\-g
.RI \-g level
\-gcoff
\-gxcoff
\-gxcoff+
\-gdwarf
\-gdwarf+
\-gstabs
\-gstabs+
\-ggdb
\-p
\-pg
\-save\-temps
.RI \-print\-file\-name= library
\-print\-libgcc\-file\-name
.RI \-print\-prog\-name= program
.TP
.B Optimization Options
\-fcaller\-saves
\-fcse\-follow\-jumps
\-fcse\-skip\-blocks
\-fdelayed\-branch
\-felide\-constructors
\-fexpensive\-optimizations
\-ffast\-math
\-ffloat\-store
\-fforce\-addr
\-fforce\-mem
\-finline\-functions
\-fkeep\-inline\-functions
\-fmemoize\-lookups
\-fno\-default\-inline
\-fno\-defer\-pop
\-fno\-function\-cse
\-fno\-inline
\-fno\-peephole
\-fomit\-frame\-pointer
\-frerun\-cse\-after\-loop
\-fschedule\-insns
\-fschedule\-insns2
\-fstrength\-reduce
\-fthread\-jumps
\-funroll\-all\-loops
\-funroll\-loops
\-O
\-O2
.TP
.B Preprocessor Options
.RI \-A assertion
\-C
\-dD
\-dM
\-dN
.RI \-D macro [\|= defn \|]
\-E
\-H
.RI "\-idirafter " dir
.RI "\-include " file
.RI "\-imacros " file
.RI "\-iprefix " file
.RI "\-iwithprefix " dir
\-M
\-MD
\-MM
\-MMD
\-nostdinc
\-P
.RI \-U macro
\-undef
.TP
.B Assembler Option
.RI \-Wa, option
.TP
.B Linker Options
.RI \-l library
\-nostartfiles
\-nostdlib
\-static
\-shared
\-symbolic
.RI "\-Xlinker\ " option
.RI \-Wl, option
.RI "\-u " symbol
.TP
.B Directory Options
.RI \-B prefix
.RI \-I dir
\-I\-
.RI \-L dir
.TP
.B Target Options
.RI "\-b  " machine
.RI "\-V " version
.TP
.B Configuration Dependent Options
.I M680x0\ Options
.br
\-m68000
\-m68020
\-m68020\-40
\-m68030
\-m68040
\-m68881
\-mbitfield
\-mc68000
\-mc68020
\-mfpa
\-mnobitfield
\-mrtd
\-mshort
\-msoft\-float
.Sp
.I VAX Options
.br
\-mg
\-mgnu
\-munix
.Sp
.I SPARC Options
.br
\-mepilogue
\-mfpu
\-mhard\-float
\-mno\-fpu
\-mno\-epilogue
\-msoft\-float
\-msparclite
\-mv8
\-msupersparc
\-mcypress
.Sp
.I Convex Options
.br
\-margcount
\-mc1
\-mc2
\-mnoargcount
.Sp
.I AMD29K Options
.br
\-m29000
\-m29050
\-mbw
\-mdw
\-mkernel\-registers
\-mlarge
\-mnbw
\-mnodw
\-msmall
\-mstack\-check
\-muser\-registers
.Sp
.I M88K Options
.br
\-m88000
\-m88100
\-m88110
\-mbig\-pic
\-mcheck\-zero\-division
\-mhandle\-large\-shift
\-midentify\-revision
\-mno\-check\-zero\-division
\-mno\-ocs\-debug\-info
\-mno\-ocs\-frame\-position
\-mno\-optimize\-arg\-area
\-mno\-serialize\-volatile
\-mno\-underscores
\-mocs\-debug\-info
\-mocs\-frame\-position
\-moptimize\-arg\-area
\-mserialize\-volatile
.RI \-mshort\-data\- num
\-msvr3
\-msvr4
\-mtrap\-large\-shift
\-muse\-div\-instruction
\-mversion\-03.00
\-mwarn\-passed\-structs
.Sp
.I RS6000 Options
.br
\-mfp\-in\-toc
\-mno\-fop\-in\-toc
.Sp
.I RT Options
.br
\-mcall\-lib\-mul
\-mfp\-arg\-in\-fpregs
\-mfp\-arg\-in\-gregs
\-mfull\-fp\-blocks
\-mhc\-struct\-return
\-min\-line\-mul
\-mminimum\-fp\-blocks
\-mnohc\-struct\-return
.Sp
.I MIPS Options
.br
\-mcpu=\fIcpu type\fP
\-mips2
\-mips3
\-mint64
\-mlong64
\-mlonglong128
\-mmips\-as
\-mgas
\-mrnames
\-mno\-rnames
\-mgpopt
\-mno\-gpopt
\-mstats
\-mno\-stats
\-mmemcpy
\-mno\-memcpy
\-mno\-mips\-tfile
\-mmips\-tfile
\-msoft\-float
\-mhard\-float
\-mabicalls
\-mno\-abicalls
\-mhalf\-pic
\-mno\-half\-pic
\-G \fInum\fP
\-nocpp
.Sp
.I i386 Options
.br
\-m486
\-mno\-486
\-msoft\-float
\-mno\-fp\-ret\-in\-387
.Sp
.I HPPA Options
.br
\-mpa\-risc\-1\-0
\-mpa\-risc\-1\-1
\-mkernel
\-mshared\-libs
\-mno\-shared\-libs
\-mlong\-calls
\-mdisable\-fpregs
\-mdisable\-indexing
\-mtrailing\-colon
.Sp
.I i960 Options
.br
\-m\fIcpu-type\fP
\-mnumerics
\-msoft\-float
\-mleaf\-procedures
\-mno\-leaf\-procedures
\-mtail\-call
\-mno\-tail\-call
\-mcomplex\-addr
\-mno\-complex\-addr
\-mcode\-align
\-mno\-code\-align
\-mic\-compat
\-mic2.0\-compat
\-mic3.0\-compat
\-masm\-compat
\-mintel\-asm
\-mstrict\-align
\-mno\-strict\-align
\-mold\-align
\-mno\-old\-align
.Sp
.I DEC Alpha Options
.br
\-mfp\-regs
\-mno\-fp\-regs
\-mno\-soft\-float
\-msoft\-float
.Sp
.I System V Options
.br
\-G
\-Qy
\-Qn
.RI \-YP, paths
.RI \-Ym, dir
.TP
.B Code Generation Options
.RI \-fcall\-saved\- reg
.RI \-fcall\-used\- reg
.RI \-ffixed\- reg
\-finhibit\-size\-directive
\-fnonnull\-objects
\-fno\-common
\-fno\-ident
\-fno\-gnu\-linker
\-fpcc\-struct\-return
\-fpic
\-fPIC
\-freg\-struct\-return
\-fshared\-data
\-fshort\-enums
\-fshort\-double
\-fvolatile
\-fvolatile\-global
\-fverbose\-asm
.ad b
.hy 1
.SH OVERALL OPTIONS
.TP
.BI "\-x " "language"
Specify explicitly the
.I language\c
\& for the following input files (rather than choosing a default based
on the file name suffix) .  This option applies to all following input
files until the next `\|\c
.B \-x\c
\&\|' option.  Possible values of \c
.I language\c
\& are
`\|\c
.B c\c
\&\|', `\|\c
.B objective\-c\c
\&\|', `\|\c