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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"><html><head><meta name="generator" content="HTML Tidy, see www.w3.org"><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="style.css"><!-- Generated by The Open Group's rhtm tool v1.2.1 --><!-- Copyright (c) 2001-2003 The Open Group, All Rights Reserved --><title>mkdir</title></head><body bgcolor="white"><script type="text/javascript" language="JavaScript" src="../jscript/codes.js"></script><basefont size="3"> <a name="mkdir"></a> <a name="tag_04_87"></a><!-- mkdir --> <!--header start--><center><font size="2">The Open Group Base Specifications Issue 6<br>IEEE Std 1003.1, 2003 Edition<br>Copyright © 2001-2003 The IEEE and The Open Group, All Rights reserved.</font></center><!--header end--><hr size="2" noshade><h4><a name="tag_04_87_01"></a>NAME</h4><blockquote>mkdir - make directories</blockquote><h4><a name="tag_04_87_02"></a>SYNOPSIS</h4><blockquote class="synopsis"><p><code><tt>mkdir</tt> <b>[</b><tt>-p</tt><b>][</b><tt>-m</tt> <i>mode</i><b>]</b> <i>dir</i><tt>...</tt></code></p></blockquote><h4><a name="tag_04_87_03"></a>DESCRIPTION</h4><blockquote><p>The <i>mkdir</i> utility shall create the directories specified by the operands, in the order specified.</p><p>For each <i>dir</i> operand, the <i>mkdir</i> utility shall perform actions equivalent to the <a href="../functions/mkdir.html"><i>mkdir</i>()</a> function defined in the System Interfaces volume of IEEE Std 1003.1-2001,called with the following arguments:</p><ol><li><p>The <i>dir</i> operand is used as the <i>path</i> argument.</p></li><li><p>The value of the bitwise-inclusive OR of S_IRWXU, S_IRWXG, and S_IRWXO is used as the <i>mode</i> argument. (If the <b>-m</b>option is specified, the <i>mode</i> option-argument overrides this default.)</p></li></ol></blockquote><h4><a name="tag_04_87_04"></a>OPTIONS</h4><blockquote><p>The <i>mkdir</i> utility shall conform to the Base Definitions volume of IEEE Std 1003.1-2001, <a href="../basedefs/xbd_chap12.html#tag_12_02">Section 12.2, Utility Syntax Guidelines</a>.</p><p>The following options shall be supported:</p><dl compact><dt><b>-m </b> <i>mode</i></dt><dd>Set the file permission bits of the newly-created directory to the specified <i>mode</i> value. The <i>mode</i> option-argumentshall be the same as the <i>mode</i> operand defined for the <a href="../utilities/chmod.html"><i>chmod</i></a> utility. In the<i>symbolic_mode</i> strings, the <i>op</i> characters <tt>'+'</tt> and <tt>'-'</tt> shall be interpreted relative to an assumedinitial mode of <i>a</i>= <i>rwx</i>; <tt>'+'</tt> shall add permissions to the default mode, <tt>'-'</tt> shall delete permissionsfrom the default mode.</dd><dt><b>-p</b></dt><dd>Create any missing intermediate pathname components. <p>For each <i>dir</i> operand that does not name an existing directory, effects equivalent to those caused by the followingcommand shall occur:</p><pre><tt>mkdir -p -m $(umask -S),u+wx $(dirname</tt> <i>dir</i><tt>) &&mkdir</tt> <b>[</b><tt>-m</tt> <i>mode</i><b>]</b> <i>dir</i></pre><p>where the <b>-m</b> <i>mode</i> option represents that option supplied to the original invocation of <i>mkdir</i>, if any.</p><p>Each <i>dir</i> operand that names an existing directory shall be ignored without error.</p></dd></dl></blockquote><h4><a name="tag_04_87_05"></a>OPERANDS</h4><blockquote><p>The following operand shall be supported:</p><dl compact><dt><i>dir</i></dt><dd>A pathname of a directory to be created.</dd></dl></blockquote><h4><a name="tag_04_87_06"></a>STDIN</h4><blockquote><p>Not used.</p></blockquote><h4><a name="tag_04_87_07"></a>INPUT FILES</h4><blockquote><p>None.</p></blockquote><h4><a name="tag_04_87_08"></a>ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES</h4><blockquote><p>The following environment variables shall affect the execution of <i>mkdir</i>:</p><dl compact><dt><i>LANG</i></dt><dd>Provide a default value for the internationalization variables that are unset or null. (See the Base Definitions volume ofIEEE Std 1003.1-2001, <a href="../basedefs/xbd_chap08.html#tag_08_02">Section 8.2, Internationalization Variables</a> forthe precedence of internationalization variables used to determine the values of locale categories.)</dd><dt><i>LC_ALL</i></dt><dd>If set to a non-empty string value, override the values of all the other internationalization variables.</dd><dt><i>LC_CTYPE</i></dt><dd>Determine the locale for the interpretation of sequences of bytes of text data as characters (for example, single-byte asopposed to multi-byte characters in arguments).</dd><dt><i>LC_MESSAGES</i></dt><dd>Determine the locale that should be used to affect the format and contents of diagnostic messages written to standarderror.</dd><dt><i>NLSPATH</i></dt><dd><sup>[<a href="javascript:open_code('XSI')">XSI</a>]</sup> <img src="../images/opt-start.gif" alt="[Option Start]" border="0">Determine the location of message catalogs for the processing of <i>LC_MESSAGES .</i> <img src="../images/opt-end.gif" alt="[Option End]" border="0"></dd></dl></blockquote><h4><a name="tag_04_87_09"></a>ASYNCHRONOUS EVENTS</h4><blockquote><p>Default.</p></blockquote><h4><a name="tag_04_87_10"></a>STDOUT</h4><blockquote><p>Not used.</p></blockquote><h4><a name="tag_04_87_11"></a>STDERR</h4><blockquote><p>The standard error shall be used only for diagnostic messages.</p></blockquote><h4><a name="tag_04_87_12"></a>OUTPUT FILES</h4><blockquote><p>None.</p></blockquote><h4><a name="tag_04_87_13"></a>EXTENDED DESCRIPTION</h4><blockquote><p>None.</p></blockquote><h4><a name="tag_04_87_14"></a>EXIT STATUS</h4><blockquote><p>The following exit values shall be returned:</p><dl compact><dt> 0</dt><dd>All the specified directories were created successfully or the <b>-p</b> option was specified and all the specified directoriesnow exist.</dd><dt>>0</dt><dd>An error occurred.</dd></dl></blockquote><h4><a name="tag_04_87_15"></a>CONSEQUENCES OF ERRORS</h4><blockquote><p>Default.</p></blockquote><hr><div class="box"><em>The following sections are informative.</em></div><h4><a name="tag_04_87_16"></a>APPLICATION USAGE</h4><blockquote><p>The default file mode for directories is <i>a</i>= <i>rwx</i> (777 on most systems) with selected permissions removed inaccordance with the file mode creation mask. For intermediate pathname components created by <i>mkdir</i>, the mode is the defaultmodified by <i>u</i>+ <i>wx</i> so that the subdirectories can always be created regardless of the file mode creation mask; ifdifferent ultimate permissions are desired for the intermediate directories, they can be changed afterwards with <a href="../utilities/chmod.html"><i>chmod</i></a>.</p><p>Note that some of the requested directories may have been created even if an error occurs.</p></blockquote><h4><a name="tag_04_87_17"></a>EXAMPLES</h4><blockquote><p>None.</p></blockquote><h4><a name="tag_04_87_18"></a>RATIONALE</h4><blockquote><p>The System V <b>-m</b> option was included to control the file mode.</p><p>The System V <b>-p</b> option was included to create any needed intermediate directories and to complement the functionalityprovided by <a href="../utilities/rmdir.html"><i>rmdir</i></a> for removing directories in the path prefix as they become empty.Because no error is produced if any path component already exists, the <b>-p</b> option is also useful to ensure that a particulardirectory exists.</p><p>The functionality of <i>mkdir</i> is described substantially through a reference to the <a href="../functions/mkdir.html"><i>mkdir</i>()</a> function in the System Interfaces volume of IEEE Std 1003.1-2001. Forexample, by default, the mode of the directory is affected by the file mode creation mask in accordance with the specified behaviorof the <a href="../functions/mkdir.html"><i>mkdir</i>()</a> function. In this way, there is less duplication of effort required fordescribing details of the directory creation.</p></blockquote><h4><a name="tag_04_87_19"></a>FUTURE DIRECTIONS</h4><blockquote><p>None.</p></blockquote><h4><a name="tag_04_87_20"></a>SEE ALSO</h4><blockquote><p><a href="chmod.html"><i>chmod</i>()</a> , <a href="rm.html"><i>rm</i></a> , <a href="rmdir.html"><i>rmdir</i>()</a> , <a href="umask.html"><i>umask</i>()</a> , the System Interfaces volume of IEEE Std 1003.1-2001, <a href="../functions/mkdir.html"><i>mkdir</i>()</a></p></blockquote><h4><a name="tag_04_87_21"></a>CHANGE HISTORY</h4><blockquote><p>First released in Issue 2.</p></blockquote><h4><a name="tag_04_87_22"></a>Issue 5</h4><blockquote><p>The FUTURE DIRECTIONS section is added.</p></blockquote><div class="box"><em>End of informative text.</em></div><hr><hr size="2" noshade><center><font size="2"><!--footer start-->UNIX ® is a registered Trademark of The Open Group.<br>POSIX ® is a registered Trademark of The IEEE.<br>[ <a href="../mindex.html">Main Index</a> | <a href="../basedefs/contents.html">XBD</a> | <a href="../utilities/contents.html">XCU</a> | <a href="../functions/contents.html">XSH</a> | <a href="../xrat/contents.html">XRAT</a>]</font></center><!--footer end--><hr size="2" noshade></body></html>⌨️ 快捷键说明
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