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   <title>Freesoft Linux FAQ -- CXterm FAQ 0.1</title>
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发信人: dfbb (赵无忌), 信区: Linux
<br>标&nbsp; 题: CXterm FAQ 0.1版
<br>发信站: BBS 水木清华站 (Wed Jun 18 15:49:33 1997)
<br>&nbsp;
<br>------------------------------------------------------------------------
<br>Title: CXterm FAQ
<br>目前版本&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; : 0.1
<br>维护者&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; : 方汉(<a href="mailto:dfbb.bbs@bbs.tsinghua.edu.cn">dfbb.bbs@bbs.tsinghua.edu.cn</a>)
<br>最後更新日期 : 6/17/97
<br>&nbsp;
<br>&nbsp;
<br>版权声明&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; :
<br>&nbsp;(1) 你可以在不涉及商业行为的情况下拷贝,储存本资料
<br>&nbsp;(2) 你可以把它转为书面之形式, 但以一份为限. 且任何书面形式的传
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 播需取得作者的同意.
<br>&nbsp;(3) 作者保留其它一切相关的权利
<br>&nbsp;(4) 任何转载及加工的行为均不得将版权声明删除
<br>&nbsp;(5) 本文遵循GNU原则
<br>&nbsp;
<br>对於任何和本文有关的事项请直接和赵无忌(<a href="mailto:dfbb.bbs@bbs.tsinghua.edu.cn">dfbb.bbs@bbs.tsinghua.edu.cn</a>)连络
<br>&nbsp;
<br>------------------------------------------------------------------------
<br>&nbsp;
<br>一：什么是CXterm
<br>Cxterm是X11的终端仿真器, 具有显示和输入中文的能力。
<br>其主要特性是：
<br>1:多内码(GB,BIG5,HZ,JIS,KANJI)
<br>2:开放式的输入法和即时编译码表以节约内存，
<br>3:支持HZTTY
<br>&nbsp;
<br>二. 系统要求
<br>1：任何安装有UNIX的工作站：SUN，IBM，DEC，SGI，HP，和带有VGA显示器的&nbsp;&nbsp;
PC机，MAC。
<br>1)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 阅读中文文件
<br>a)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cxterm-5.0 (包括X11的中文字库)
<br>b)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cless&nbsp; (CXTERM的汉化more)
<br>&nbsp;
<br>其它解决方案:
<br>i)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ChiRK
<br>ii)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; X11的中文字库&nbsp; xhzview
<br>iii)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; X11的中文字库&nbsp; Mule
<br>&nbsp;
<br>2)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 编辑中文文件
<br>a)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cxterm-5.0 (包括X11的中文字库)
<br>b)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; celvis&nbsp; (CXTERM的汉化VI)
<br>&nbsp;
<br>其它解决方案:
<br>i)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; X11的中文字库+Mule
<br>&nbsp;
<br>3)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 阅读中文e-mail
<br>a)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cxterm-5.0 (包括X11的中文字库)
<br>b)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cpine&nbsp; (汉化pine)或celm (汉化elm)
<br>&nbsp;
<br>4)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 阅读中文news group
<br>a)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cxterm-5.0 (包括X11的中文字库)
<br>b)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; hztty&nbsp; (一个中文终端filter)
<br>(新闻阅读器：rn, rrn, nn, tin, 不包括xrn)
<br>5)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 在gopher, irc, 等等中使用汉字.
<br>a)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cxterm-5.0 (包括X11的中文字库)
<br>b)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; celvis&nbsp; (CXTERM的汉化VI)
<br>c)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cless&nbsp; (CXTERM的汉化more)
<br>d)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; hztty&nbsp; (一个中文终端filter)
<br>HCu&nbsp;&nbsp; (内码转换工具)
<br>6）其他工具
<br>a)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; hz2ps or gb2ps (汉字->PS)
<br>b)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cnprint (中文打印工具)
<br>c)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; mule (多内码转换工具)
<br>d)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; CJK (中文for LATEX)
<br>e)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 其它X中文终端: CXIN+CRXVT (big5),&nbsp;
UXTERM (无输入).
<br>&nbsp;
<br>三. 取得CXTERM的最新版本和简单安装
<br>1. 安装CXTERM
<br>1)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ftp the cxterm-5.0 .tar.gz
<br>2)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 解压缩csh%&nbsp; gzip -dc cxterm-5.0.tar.gz
| tar xvf -
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
csh%&nbsp; cd cxterm-5.0
<br>3)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; make
<br>csh%&nbsp; ./config.sh
<br>注意！最好在X WINDOW的CONSOLE下进行编译，否则安装有可能会出现问题
<br>如果用X终端来安装,字库部分可能有问题
<br>安装画面如下:
<br>CXTERM VERSION 5.0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; by Yongguang Zhang
* 1995
<br>Please read the COPYRIGHT file on the copyright and permission
<br>notices.&nbsp; If you do not agree the terms, stop by pressing &lt;Ctrl-C>.
<br>To make things smooth, you'd better run this configuration
<br>program under X Window.&nbsp; You may type &lt;Ctrl-C> any time to
<br>stop the configuration.
<br>You need to answer several questions, so don't run this program
<br>in background or redirect the output.&nbsp; Multiple choices are
<br>listed in parentheses (), and default or suggested answers are
<br>given in brackets [].&nbsp; The error messages during the make will
<br>be saved automatically in "./Install.log".
<br>Continue with config.sh (y/n) [y] ?y
<br>--- BASIC MENU ---
<br>0. Read COPYRIGHT Notice
<br>1.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Compile, Install, and Configure "CXTERM
5.0" in One Step
<br>&nbsp;
<br>--- OPTION MENU ---
<br>2.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Compile cxterm (not to install)
<br>3.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Install cxterm (after successful compilation
in 2)
<br>4.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Install additional Chinese font(s)
for your X window
<br>5.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Configure your account for using cxterm
(after installation in 3)
<br>&nbsp;
<br>x. Exit
<br>-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
<br>Please choose (0/1/2/3/4/5/x) :
<br>这儿建议大家采用235的安装方式，这样可以容易发现问题，如果用1
<br>的话就会错过去.
<br>选择2后，config.sh就自动开始编译CXterm,
<br>等编译完毕后(在P/75,32M RAM的机器上大约要花十几分钟)
<br>选择3后,有两个选项,一个是安装到系统目录(这需要root权限)
<br>一个是安装到你自己的home目录下,
<br>安装完毕后请选择5来config你的帐号
<br>主要是修改你的.Xdefaults
<br>这儿一般会出现这样的问题选择安装到系统目录后，他不会产生cxterm.ins
<br>这个文件,而步骤5需要这个文件,这样就不能完成步骤5
<br>解决办法是选安装到你自己的home目录下,产生cxterm.ins文件后再选择
<br>安装到系统目录就没有问题了,另外大多数问题是出在CXterm.ad这个文件
<br>/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/cxterm.dic/CXterm.ad
<br>这是Cxterm的主要配置文件，请大家自行修改。
<br>&nbsp;
<br>1. ~/.Xdefaults 设置
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 在 CXterm 程序包中, 有一个
CXterm 的 X-Window 资源文件
<br>cxterm.ad (or other name ?), 在安装时, 'configure your account
<br>for cxterm' 一步会把该文件加在 HOME 目录下的 ~/.Xdefaults
<br>文件中. 如果由于其它原因安装程序没有完成这一步, 可以手工完成如下:
<br>&nbsp;
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cat where-cxterm.ad-is/cxterm.ad
>> ~/.Xdefaults
<br>&nbsp;
<br>或者从别的用户那里 cp 一份.
<br>&nbsp;
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 在完成以上设置后, 通常情况下再运行
cxterm, 就可以用 Fn 功能键
<br>进行输入法切换. 常用的有:
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; F1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 中 / 英文切换
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; F2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 内码
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; F3&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 弹出输入设置对话框
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; F4&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 带调拼音
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; F5&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 全角
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; F6&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 无调拼音
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; F7&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 五笔字形
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; F8&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 英汉
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; F9&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 首尾
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; F10&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 电报码
<br>&nbsp;
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 但是, 常常发生例外, 如只能用
F1, F2 键的情况.
<br>这时, 检查 ~/.Xmodmap 是否包含与 Fn 冲突的功能键, 如果有, 可以
<br>将其注释掉, 或者将 ~/.Xmodmap 删除 (最好不要这样哦).
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 按下面的方式运行 cxterm 即可：
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
cxterm
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
cxterm -GB&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
国标码方式. (缺省方式)
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
cxterm -BIG5&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
ＢＩＧ５码方式
<br>&nbsp;
<br>四:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 对CXTERM的改进
<br>1.问题：color CXterm在输入汉字时,input screen会出现半个汉字的问题。
<br>经过对源码的分析，认为是在输入汉字后没有清input screen的原因
<br>因而做了以下的patch解决了问题
<br>diff cxterm/input.c /usr/cxterm-5.0/cxterm/input.c
<br>179a180
<br>RefreshCXtermInput(screen);
<br>Common subdirectories: cxterm/widgets and /usr/cxterm-5.0/cxterm/widgets
<br>&nbsp;
<br>即在input.c的179行加上RefreshCXtermInput(screen);
<br>就可以了
<br>&nbsp;
<br>&nbsp;
<br>2.问题，UCDOS的输入法是结合中国人使用习惯经过不断改进的一种优秀的输入法
<br>那么怎么样才能在CXTERM下共享ucdos的输入法呢
<br>我们利用CXterm的开放式的输入法和UCDOS 5.0以上版本提供的imdmng来实现:
<br>以py为例
<br>1.首先在dos下:
<br>到ucdos/drv目录下
<br>c:\ucdos\drv>imdmng py.imd py.txt
<br>2.编辑py.txt
<br>删除前34行注解
<br>加入以下内容：
<br>--------------------------------------------------------------------
<br># $Id: upy.tit,v 1.3 1995/01/02 06:07:48 ygz Exp $
<br># HANZI input table for cxterm
<br># To be used by cxterm, convert me to .cit format first
<br># .cit version 2
<br>ENCODE: GB
<br>PROMPT: 汉字输入∷UCDOS拼音∷\040
<br>AUTOSELECT:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; NEVER
<br>#
<br>COMMENT (源于UCDOS)
<br># input key definitions
<br>VALIDINPUTKEY:&nbsp; abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz
<br>WILDCARDKEY:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *
<br>WILDCHARKEY:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ?
<br>ASSOCIATIONKEY: -
<br># choice list keys
<br>SELECTKEY:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 1\040
<br>SELECTKEY:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 2
<br>SELECTKEY:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 3
<br>SELECTKEY:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 4
<br>SELECTKEY:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 5
<br>SELECTKEY:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 6
<br>SELECTKEY:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 7
<br>SELECTKEY:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 8
<br>SELECTKEY:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 9
<br>SELECTKEY:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 0
<br>MOVERIGHT:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; .>
<br>MOVELEFT:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ,&lt;
<br># pre-editing keys
<br>BACKSPACE:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \010\177&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
# ctrl-H,&nbsp; DEL
<br>DELETEALL:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \015\025&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
# RETURN,&nbsp; ctrl-U
<br>CURSOR-BEGIN:&nbsp;&nbsp; \001&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
# ctrl-A
<br>CURSOR-END:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \005&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
# ctrl-E
<br>CURSOR-FORW:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \006&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
# ctrl-F
<br>CURSOR-BACK:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \002&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
# ctrl-B
<br>CURSOR-ERASE:&nbsp;&nbsp; \004&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
# ctrl-D
<br>REPEATKEY:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \020\022&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
# ctrl-P,&nbsp; ctrl-R
<br># the following line must not be removed
<br>BEGINPHRASE
<br>#
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