📄 butane.fld
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600.0 !upper temperature limit [K]
0.0 !upper pressure limit [kPa]
0.0 !maximum density [mol/L]
1.0 8.31451 !reducing parameters for T, Cp0
1 0 2 2 0 0 0 !Nterms: polynomial, exponential, cosh, sinh
0.4339440E+01 0.0
0.2324827E+06 -2.0 0.1836360E+03 -1.0 -2.0
0.1205864E+08 -2.0 0.9031850E+03 -1.0 -2.0
0.2071931E+07 -2.0 0.4682700E+03 -1.0 -2.0
0.8962262E+08 -2.0 0.1914100E+04 -1.0 -2.0
@EOS !equation of state specification
FE2 Helmholtz equation of state for butane of Polt et al. (1992).
?LITERATURE REFERENCE \
?Polt, A., Platzer, B., and Maurer, G.,
? "Parameter der thermischen Zustandsgleichung von Bender fuer 14
? mehratomige reine Stoffe,"
? Chem. Tech. (Leipzig), 44(6):216-224, 1992.
?\
!end of info section
140.0 !lower temperature limit [K]
589.0 !upper temperature limit [K]
30000.0 !upper pressure limit [kPa]
12.81 !maximum density [mol/L]
CP2 !pointer to Cp0 model
58.124 !molecular weight [g/mol]
140.0 !triple point temperature [K]
0.00161 !pressure at triple point [kPa]
12.573 !density at triple point [mol/L]
272.62 !normal boiling point temperature [K]
0.1984 !acentric factor
425.14 3783.85 3.9192072 !Tc [K], pc [kPa], rhoc [mol/L]
425.14 3.9192072 !reducing parameters [K, mol/L]
8.3143 !gas constant [J/mol-K]
22 5 0 0 0 0 !# terms, # coeff/term for: "normal" terms, critical, spare
-0.504188295325d+0 3.0 0.0 0 0.0 !a(i),t(i),d(i),l(i)
0.541067401063d+0 4.0 0.0 0 0.0
-0.760421383062d-1 5.0 0.0 0 0.0
0.846035653528d+0 0.0 1.0 0 0.0
-0.191317317203d+1 1.0 1.0 0 0.0
0.521441860186d+0 2.0 1.0 0 0.0
-0.783511318207d+0 3.0 1.0 0 0.0
0.689697797175d-1 4.0 1.0 0 0.0
0.947825461055d-1 0.0 2.0 0 0.0
-0.141401831669d+0 1.0 2.0 0 0.0
0.382675021672d+0 2.0 2.0 0 0.0
-0.423893176684d-1 0.0 3.0 0 0.0
0.677591792029d-1 1.0 3.0 0 0.0
0.567943363340d-1 0.0 4.0 0 0.0
-0.131517698401d+0 1.0 4.0 0 0.0
0.221136942526d-1 1.0 5.0 0 0.0
0.504188295325d+0 3.0 0.0 2 1.08974964
-0.541067401063d+0 4.0 0.0 2 1.08974964
0.760421383062d-1 5.0 0.0 2 1.08974964
-0.619109535460d-1 3.0 2.0 2 1.08974964
0.423035373804d+0 4.0 2.0 2 1.08974964
-0.390505508895d+0 5.0 2.0 2 1.08974964
#AUX !auxiliary model specification
CP2 ideal gas heat capacity function
?LITERATURE REFERENCE \
?Polt, A., Platzer, B., and Maurer, G.,
? "Parameter der thermischen Zustandsgleichung von Bender fuer 14
? mehratomige reine Stoffe,"
? Chem. Tech. (Leipzig), 44(6):216-224, 1992.
?\
!end of info section
140.0 !lower temperature limit [K]
589.0 !upper temperature limit [K]
0.0 !upper pressure limit [kPa]
0.0 !maximum density [mol/L]
1.0 58.124 !reducing parameters for T, Cp0
5 0 0 0 0 0 0 !Nterms: polynomial, exponential, cosh, sinh
0.801601d+00 0.00
0.655936d-03 1.00
0.122770d-04 2.00
-0.165626d-07 3.00
0.677360d-11 4.00
#TCX !thermal conductivity model specification
TC1 pure fluid thermal conductivity model of Perkins et al. (2001).
?LITERATURE REFERENCE \
?Perkins, R.A, Ramires, M.L.V., Nieto de Castro, C.A. and Cusco, L.,
? "Measurement and Correlation of the Thermal Conductivity of Butane
? from 135 K to 600 K at Pressures to 70 MPa,"
? for submission to J. Chem. Eng. Data, 2001.
?\
?Uncertainty in thermal conductivity is 3%, except in the critical region
? and dilute gas which have an uncertainty of 5%.
?\
!end of info section
134.86 !lower temperature limit [K]
600.0 !upper temperature limit [K]
70000.0 !upper pressure limit [kPa]
13.2 !maximum density [mol/L]
3 0 !# terms for dilute gas function: numerator, denominator
425.16 1.0 !reducing parameters for T, tcx
1.62676d-3 0.00d0 !coeff, power in T
9.75703d-4 1.00d0
2.89887d-2 2.00d0
10 0 !# terms for background gas function: numerator, denominator
425.16 3.92 1.0 !reducing par for T, rho, tcx
-3.04337d-2 0.00d0 1.00d0 0.00d0 !coeff, powers of t, rho, spare for future use
4.18357d-2 1.00d0 1.00d0 0.00d0
1.65820d-1 0.00d0 2.00d0 0.00d0
-1.47163d-1 1.00d0 2.00d0 0.00d0
-1.48144d-1 0.00d0 3.00d0 0.00d0
1.33542d-1 1.00d0 3.00d0 0.00d0
5.25500d-2 0.00d0 4.00d0 0.00d0
-4.85489d-2 1.00d0 4.00d0 0.00d0
-6.29367d-3 0.00d0 5.00d0 0.00d0
6.44307d-3 1.00d0 5.00d0 0.00d0
TK3 !pointer to critical enhancement auxiliary function
#AUX !thermal conductivity critical enhancement model
TK3 thermal conductivity critical enhancement of Perkins et al. (2001).
?LITERATURE REFERENCE \
?Perkins, R.A., Ramires, M.L.V., Castro de Nieto, C.A. and Cusco, L.,
? "Measurement and Correlation of the Thermal Conductivity of Butane
? from 135 K to 600 K at Pressures to 70 MPa,"
? for submission to J. Chem. Eng. Data, 2001.
?\
!end of info section
134.86 !lower temperature limit [K]
600.0 !upper temperature limit [K]
70000.0 !upper pressure limit [kPa]
13.2 !maximum density [mol/L]
9 0 0 0 !# terms: terms, spare, spare, spare
1.0 1.0 1.0 !reducing par for T, rho, tcx (mW/m-K)
0.630d0 !gnu (universal exponent)
1.239d0 !gamma (universal exponent)
1.03d0 !R0 (universal amplitude)
0.063d0 !z (universal exponent--not used for t.c., only viscosity)
1.00d0 !c (constant in viscosity eqn = 1/[2 - (alpha + gamma)/(2*nu)], but often set to 1)
0.194d-9 !xi0 (amplitude) [m]
0.0496 !gam0 (amplitude) [-]
0.875350d-9 !qd_inverse (modified effective cutoff parameter) [m]
637.68 !tref (reference temperature) [K]
@TCX !thermal conductivity model specification
TC2 pure fluid thermal conductivity model of Younglove and Ely (1987).
?LITERATURE REFERENCE \
?Younglove, B.A. and Ely, J.F.,
? "Thermophysical properties of fluids. II. Methane, ethane, propane,
? isobutane and normal butane,"
? J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 16:577-798, 1987.
?\
?The uncertainty in thermal conductivity is 2%, except in the critical region
?which is 10%.
?\
?N.B. all temperatures on IPTS-68
?\
!end of info section
134.86 !lower temperature limit [K]
500.0 !upper temperature limit [K]
70000.0 !upper pressure limit [kPa]
13.20 !maximum density [mol/L]
CI2 !pointer to collision integral model
0.503103 !Lennard-Jones coefficient sigma [nm]
440.0 !Lennard-Jones coefficient epsilon/kappa [K]
2.0352526600d-01 !const in Eq 19 = 5/16*(k*MW/1000/pi/Na)**0.5*1.0d12
0.1530992335d+01 !dilute gas terms (Eq 27): Gt(1)
-0.2114511021d+00 ! Gt(2)
0.4024170074d-02 !residual terms (Eqs 26, 28-30): Et(1)
0.1561435847d+01
-0.6004381127d+03
-0.7547260841d-03
-0.2069676662d-01
0.9382534978d+02
-0.1711371457d+00
0.3647724935d+02 !Et(8)
TK2 !pointer to critical enhancement model (follows immediately)
0.000769608d0 !critical enhancement terms (Eqs D1-D4): X1
13.2533d0
0.485554d0
1.01021d0 !X4
9.10218d-10 !Z
1.38054d-23 !Boltzmann's constant, k
0.1630521851d+01 !coeff for initial density dependence of viscosity (eq 21); Fv(1)
0.0 !Fv(2)
1.40 !Fv(3)
425.16 !Fv(4)
-0.2724386845d+02 !coefficients for residual viscosity, eqs (22 - 25)
0.8012766611d+03 !Ev(2) (the viscosity is also used in conductivity correlation)
0.2503978646d+02 !Ev(3)
-0.1309704275d+05 !Ev(4)
-0.8313305258d-01 !Ev(5)
0.6636975027d+02 !Ev(6)
0.9849317662d+04 !Ev(7)
#ETA !viscosity model specification
VS1 pure fluid viscosity model of Vogel et al. (1999).
?LITERATURE REFERENCE \
?Vogel, E., Kuechenmeister, C., and Bich, E.,
? "Viscosity for n-Butane in the Fluid Region,"
? High Temp. - High Pressures, 31(2):173-186, 1999.
?\
?The uncertainty in viscosity varies from 0.4% in the dilute gas between
?room temperature and 600 K, to 3.0% over the rest of the fluid surface.
?\
!end of info section
134.86 !lower temperature limit [K]
500.0 !upper temperature limit [K]
70000.0 !upper pressure limit [kPa]
13.20 !maximum density [mol/L]
1 !number of terms associated with dilute-gas function
CI1 !pointer to reduced effective collision cross-section model
0.57335 !Lennard-Jones coefficient sigma [nm]
280.51 !Lennard-Jones coefficient epsilon/kappa [K]
1.0 1.0 !reducing parameters for T, eta
0.1628213 0.50d0 !Chapman-Enskog term
9 !number of terms for initial density dependence
280.51 0.1135034 !reducing parameters for T (= eps/k), etaB2 (= 0.6022137*sigma**3)
-19.572881d0 0.0 !coeff, power in T* = T/(eps/k)
219.73999d0 -0.25
-1015.3226d0 -0.5
2471.01251d0 -0.75
-3375.1717d0 -1.0
2491.6597d0 -1.25
-787.26086d0 -1.5
14.085455d0 -2.5
-0.34664158d0 -5.5
2 13 1 2 0 0 !# resid terms: close-packed density; simple poly; numerator of rational poly; denominator of rat. poly; numerator of exponential; denominator of exponential
425.125 3.92 1.0 !reducing parameters for T, rho, eta
2.30873963359 0.0 0.00 0.00 0
2.03404037254 0.5 0.00 0.00 0
-54.7737770846 0.0 2.00 0.00 0
58.0898623034 -1.0 2.00 0.00 0
0 -2.0 2.00 0.00 0
35.2658446259 0.0 3.00 0.00 0
-39.6682203832 -1.0 3.00 0.00 0
0 -2.0 3.00 0.00 0
-1.83729542151 0.0 4.00 0.00 0
0 -1.0 4.00 0.00 0
0 -2.0 4.00 0.00 0
-0.833262985358 0.0 5.00 0.00 0
1.93837020663 -1.0 5.00 0.00 0
0 -2.0 5.00 0.00 0
-188.075903903 0.0 1.00 -1.00 0
188.075903903 0.0 1.00 0.00 0
1. 0.0 0.00 1.00 0
-1. 0.0 1.00 0.00 0
NUL !pointer to critical enhancement auxiliary function (none used)
#AUX !collision integral specification
CI1 collision integral model of Vogel et al. (1999).
?LITERATURE REFERENCE \
?Vogel, E., Kuechenmeister, C., and Bich, E.,
? "Viscosity for n-Butane in the Fluid Region,"
? High Temp. - High Pressures, 31(2):173-186, 1999.
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