timer.c

linux 2.6.19 kernel source code before patching

/*
 *  linux/kernel/timer.c
 *
 *  Kernel internal timers, basic process system calls
 *
 *  Copyright (C) 1991, 1992  Linus Torvalds
 *
 *  1997-01-28  Modified by Finn Arne Gangstad to make timers scale better.
 *
 *  1997-09-10  Updated NTP code according to technical memorandum Jan '96
 *              "A Kernel Model for Precision Timekeeping" by Dave Mills
 *  1998-12-24  Fixed a xtime SMP race (we need the xtime_lock rw spinlock to
 *              serialize accesses to xtime/lost_ticks).
 *                              Copyright (C) 1998  Andrea Arcangeli
 *  1999-03-10  Improved NTP compatibility by Ulrich Windl
 *  2002-05-31	Move sys_sysinfo here and make its locking sane, Robert Love
 *  2000-10-05  Implemented scalable SMP per-CPU timer handling.
 *                              Copyright (C) 2000, 2001, 2002  Ingo Molnar
 *              Designed by David S. Miller, Alexey Kuznetsov and Ingo Molnar
 */

#include <linux/kernel_stat.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/interrupt.h>
#include <linux/percpu.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/mm.h>
#include <linux/swap.h>
#include <linux/notifier.h>
#include <linux/thread_info.h>
#include <linux/time.h>
#include <linux/jiffies.h>
#include <linux/posix-timers.h>
#include <linux/cpu.h>
#include <linux/syscalls.h>
#include <linux/delay.h>
#include <linux/tick.h>
#include <linux/kallsyms.h>

#include <asm/uaccess.h>
#include <asm/unistd.h>
#include <asm/div64.h>
#include <asm/timex.h>
#include <asm/io.h>

u64 jiffies_64 __cacheline_aligned_in_smp = INITIAL_JIFFIES;

EXPORT_SYMBOL(jiffies_64);

/*
 * per-CPU timer vector definitions:
 */
#define TVN_BITS (CONFIG_BASE_SMALL ? 4 : 6)
#define TVR_BITS (CONFIG_BASE_SMALL ? 6 : 8)
#define TVN_SIZE (1 << TVN_BITS)
#define TVR_SIZE (1 << TVR_BITS)
#define TVN_MASK (TVN_SIZE - 1)
#define TVR_MASK (TVR_SIZE - 1)

typedef struct tvec_s {
	struct list_head vec[TVN_SIZE];
} tvec_t;

typedef struct tvec_root_s {
	struct list_head vec[TVR_SIZE];
} tvec_root_t;

struct tvec_t_base_s {
	spinlock_t lock;
	struct timer_list *running_timer;
	unsigned long timer_jiffies;
	tvec_root_t tv1;
	tvec_t tv2;
	tvec_t tv3;
	tvec_t tv4;
	tvec_t tv5;
} ____cacheline_aligned;

typedef struct tvec_t_base_s tvec_base_t;

tvec_base_t boot_tvec_bases;
EXPORT_SYMBOL(boot_tvec_bases);
static DEFINE_PER_CPU(tvec_base_t *, tvec_bases) = &boot_tvec_bases;

/*
 * Note that all tvec_bases is 2 byte aligned and lower bit of
 * base in timer_list is guaranteed to be zero. Use the LSB for
 * the new flag to indicate whether the timer is deferrable
 */
#define TBASE_DEFERRABLE_FLAG		(0x1)

/* Functions below help us manage 'deferrable' flag */
static inline unsigned int tbase_get_deferrable(tvec_base_t *base)
{
	return ((unsigned int)(unsigned long)base & TBASE_DEFERRABLE_FLAG);
}

static inline tvec_base_t *tbase_get_base(tvec_base_t *base)
{
	return ((tvec_base_t *)((unsigned long)base & ~TBASE_DEFERRABLE_FLAG));
}

static inline void timer_set_deferrable(struct timer_list *timer)
{
	timer->base = ((tvec_base_t *)((unsigned long)(timer->base) |
	                               TBASE_DEFERRABLE_FLAG));
}

static inline void
timer_set_base(struct timer_list *timer, tvec_base_t *new_base)
{
	timer->base = (tvec_base_t *)((unsigned long)(new_base) |
	                              tbase_get_deferrable(timer->base));
}

/**
 * __round_jiffies - function to round jiffies to a full second
 * @j: the time in (absolute) jiffies that should be rounded
 * @cpu: the processor number on which the timeout will happen
 *
 * __round_jiffies() rounds an absolute time in the future (in jiffies)
 * up or down to (approximately) full seconds. This is useful for timers
 * for which the exact time they fire does not matter too much, as long as
 * they fire approximately every X seconds.
 *
 * By rounding these timers to whole seconds, all such timers will fire
 * at the same time, rather than at various times spread out. The goal
 * of this is to have the CPU wake up less, which saves power.
 *
 * The exact rounding is skewed for each processor to avoid all
 * processors firing at the exact same time, which could lead
 * to lock contention or spurious cache line bouncing.
 *
 * The return value is the rounded version of the @j parameter.
 */
unsigned long __round_jiffies(unsigned long j, int cpu)
{
	int rem;
	unsigned long original = j;

	/*
	 * We don't want all cpus firing their timers at once hitting the
	 * same lock or cachelines, so we skew each extra cpu with an extra
	 * 3 jiffies. This 3 jiffies came originally from the mm/ code which
	 * already did this.
	 * The skew is done by adding 3*cpunr, then round, then subtract this
	 * extra offset again.
	 */
	j += cpu * 3;

	rem = j % HZ;

	/*
	 * If the target jiffie is just after a whole second (which can happen
	 * due to delays of the timer irq, long irq off times etc etc) then
	 * we should round down to the whole second, not up. Use 1/4th second
	 * as cutoff for this rounding as an extreme upper bound for this.
	 */
	if (rem < HZ/4) /* round down */
		j = j - rem;
	else /* round up */
		j = j - rem + HZ;

	/* now that we have rounded, subtract the extra skew again */
	j -= cpu * 3;

	if (j <= jiffies) /* rounding ate our timeout entirely; */
		return original;
	return j;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__round_jiffies);

/**
 * __round_jiffies_relative - function to round jiffies to a full second
 * @j: the time in (relative) jiffies that should be rounded
 * @cpu: the processor number on which the timeout will happen
 *
 * __round_jiffies_relative() rounds a time delta  in the future (in jiffies)
 * up or down to (approximately) full seconds. This is useful for timers
 * for which the exact time they fire does not matter too much, as long as
 * they fire approximately every X seconds.
 *
 * By rounding these timers to whole seconds, all such timers will fire
 * at the same time, rather than at various times spread out. The goal
 * of this is to have the CPU wake up less, which saves power.
 *
 * The exact rounding is skewed for each processor to avoid all
 * processors firing at the exact same time, which could lead
 * to lock contention or spurious cache line bouncing.
 *
 * The return value is the rounded version of the @j parameter.
 */
unsigned long __round_jiffies_relative(unsigned long j, int cpu)
{
	/*
	 * In theory the following code can skip a jiffy in case jiffies
	 * increments right between the addition and the later subtraction.
	 * However since the entire point of this function is to use approximate
	 * timeouts, it's entirely ok to not handle that.
	 */
	return  __round_jiffies(j + jiffies, cpu) - jiffies;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__round_jiffies_relative);

/**
 * round_jiffies - function to round jiffies to a full second
 * @j: the time in (absolute) jiffies that should be rounded
 *
 * round_jiffies() rounds an absolute time in the future (in jiffies)
 * up or down to (approximately) full seconds. This is useful for timers
 * for which the exact time they fire does not matter too much, as long as
 * they fire approximately every X seconds.
 *
 * By rounding these timers to whole seconds, all such timers will fire
 * at the same time, rather than at various times spread out. The goal
 * of this is to have the CPU wake up less, which saves power.
 *
 * The return value is the rounded version of the @j parameter.
 */
unsigned long round_jiffies(unsigned long j)
{
	return __round_jiffies(j, raw_smp_processor_id());
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(round_jiffies);

/**
 * round_jiffies_relative - function to round jiffies to a full second
 * @j: the time in (relative) jiffies that should be rounded
 *
 * round_jiffies_relative() rounds a time delta  in the future (in jiffies)
 * up or down to (approximately) full seconds. This is useful for timers
 * for which the exact time they fire does not matter too much, as long as
 * they fire approximately every X seconds.
 *
 * By rounding these timers to whole seconds, all such timers will fire
 * at the same time, rather than at various times spread out. The goal
 * of this is to have the CPU wake up less, which saves power.
 *
 * The return value is the rounded version of the @j parameter.
 */
unsigned long round_jiffies_relative(unsigned long j)
{
	return __round_jiffies_relative(j, raw_smp_processor_id());
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(round_jiffies_relative);


static inline void set_running_timer(tvec_base_t *base,
					struct timer_list *timer)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
	base->running_timer = timer;
#endif
}

static void internal_add_timer(tvec_base_t *base, struct timer_list *timer)
{
	unsigned long expires = timer->expires;
	unsigned long idx = expires - base->timer_jiffies;
	struct list_head *vec;

	if (idx < TVR_SIZE) {
		int i = expires & TVR_MASK;
		vec = base->tv1.vec + i;
	} else if (idx < 1 << (TVR_BITS + TVN_BITS)) {
		int i = (expires >> TVR_BITS) & TVN_MASK;
		vec = base->tv2.vec + i;
	} else if (idx < 1 << (TVR_BITS + 2 * TVN_BITS)) {
		int i = (expires >> (TVR_BITS + TVN_BITS)) & TVN_MASK;
		vec = base->tv3.vec + i;
	} else if (idx < 1 << (TVR_BITS + 3 * TVN_BITS)) {
		int i = (expires >> (TVR_BITS + 2 * TVN_BITS)) & TVN_MASK;
		vec = base->tv4.vec + i;
	} else if ((signed long) idx < 0) {
		/*
		 * Can happen if you add a timer with expires == jiffies,
		 * or you set a timer to go off in the past
		 */
		vec = base->tv1.vec + (base->timer_jiffies & TVR_MASK);
	} else {
		int i;
		/* If the timeout is larger than 0xffffffff on 64-bit
		 * architectures then we use the maximum timeout:
		 */
		if (idx > 0xffffffffUL) {
			idx = 0xffffffffUL;
			expires = idx + base->timer_jiffies;
		}
		i = (expires >> (TVR_BITS + 3 * TVN_BITS)) & TVN_MASK;
		vec = base->tv5.vec + i;
	}
	/*
	 * Timers are FIFO:
	 */
	list_add_tail(&timer->entry, vec);
}

#ifdef CONFIG_TIMER_STATS
void __timer_stats_timer_set_start_info(struct timer_list *timer, void *addr)
{
	if (timer->start_site)
		return;

	timer->start_site = addr;
	memcpy(timer->start_comm, current->comm, TASK_COMM_LEN);
	timer->start_pid = current->pid;
}
#endif

/**
 * init_timer - initialize a timer.
 * @timer: the timer to be initialized
 *
 * init_timer() must be done to a timer prior calling *any* of the
 * other timer functions.
 */
void fastcall init_timer(struct timer_list *timer)
{
	timer->entry.next = NULL;
	timer->base = __raw_get_cpu_var(tvec_bases);
#ifdef CONFIG_TIMER_STATS
	timer->start_site = NULL;
	timer->start_pid = -1;
	memset(timer->start_comm, 0, TASK_COMM_LEN);
#endif
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(init_timer);

void fastcall init_timer_deferrable(struct timer_list *timer)
{
	init_timer(timer);
	timer_set_deferrable(timer);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(init_timer_deferrable);

static inline void detach_timer(struct timer_list *timer,
				int clear_pending)
{
	struct list_head *entry = &timer->entry;

	__list_del(entry->prev, entry->next);
	if (clear_pending)
		entry->next = NULL;
	entry->prev = LIST_POISON2;
}

/*
 * We are using hashed locking: holding per_cpu(tvec_bases).lock
 * means that all timers which are tied to this base via timer->base are
 * locked, and the base itself is locked too.
 *
 * So __run_timers/migrate_timers can safely modify all timers which could
 * be found on ->tvX lists.
 *
 * When the timer's base is locked, and the timer removed from list, it is
 * possible to set timer->base = NULL and drop the lock: the timer remains
 * locked.
 */
static tvec_base_t *lock_timer_base(struct timer_list *timer,
					unsigned long *flags)
	__acquires(timer->base->lock)
{
	tvec_base_t *base;

	for (;;) {
		tvec_base_t *prelock_base = timer->base;
		base = tbase_get_base(prelock_base);
		if (likely(base != NULL)) {
			spin_lock_irqsave(&base->lock, *flags);
			if (likely(prelock_base == timer->base))
				return base;
			/* The timer has migrated to another CPU */
			spin_unlock_irqrestore(&base->lock, *flags);
		}
		cpu_relax();
	}
}

int __mod_timer(struct timer_list *timer, unsigned long expires)
{
	tvec_base_t *base, *new_base;
	unsigned long flags;
	int ret = 0;

	timer_stats_timer_set_start_info(timer);
	BUG_ON(!timer->function);

	base = lock_timer_base(timer, &flags);

	if (timer_pending(timer)) {
		detach_timer(timer, 0);
		ret = 1;
	}

	new_base = __get_cpu_var(tvec_bases);

	if (base != new_base) {
		/*
		 * We are trying to schedule the timer on the local CPU.
		 * However we can't change timer's base while it is running,
		 * otherwise del_timer_sync() can't detect that the timer's
		 * handler yet has not finished. This also guarantees that
		 * the timer is serialized wrt itself.
		 */
		if (likely(base->running_timer != timer)) {
			/* See the comment in lock_timer_base() */
			timer_set_base(timer, NULL);
			spin_unlock(&base->lock);
			base = new_base;
			spin_lock(&base->lock);
			timer_set_base(timer, base);
		}
	}

	timer->expires = expires;
	internal_add_timer(base, timer);
	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&base->lock, flags);

	return ret;
}

EXPORT_SYMBOL(__mod_timer);

/**
 * add_timer_on - start a timer on a particular CPU
 * @timer: the timer to be added
 * @cpu: the CPU to start it on
 *
 * This is not very scalable on SMP. Double adds are not possible.
 */
void add_timer_on(struct timer_list *timer, int cpu)
{
	tvec_base_t *base = per_cpu(tvec_bases, cpu);
  	unsigned long flags;

	timer_stats_timer_set_start_info(timer);
  	BUG_ON(timer_pending(timer) || !timer->function);
	spin_lock_irqsave(&base->lock, flags);
	timer_set_base(timer, base);
	internal_add_timer(base, timer);
	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&base->lock, flags);
}


/**
 * mod_timer - modify a timer's timeout
 * @timer: the timer to be modified
 * @expires: new timeout in jiffies
 *
 * mod_timer() is a more efficient way to update the expire field of an
 * active timer (if the timer is inactive it will be activated)
 *
 * mod_timer(timer, expires) is equivalent to:
 *
 *     del_timer(timer); timer->expires = expires; add_timer(timer);
 *
 * Note that if there are multiple unserialized concurrent users of the
 * same timer, then mod_timer() is the only safe way to modify the timeout,
 * since add_timer() cannot modify an already running timer.
 *
 * The function returns whether it has modified a pending timer or not.
 * (ie. mod_timer() of an inactive timer returns 0, mod_timer() of an
 * active timer returns 1.)
 */
int mod_timer(struct timer_list *timer, unsigned long expires)
{
	BUG_ON(!timer->function);

	timer_stats_timer_set_start_info(timer);
	/*
	 * This is a common optimization triggered by the
	 * networking code - if the timer is re-modified
	 * to be the same thing then just return:
	 */
	if (timer->expires == expires && timer_pending(timer))
		return 1;

	return __mod_timer(timer, expires);
}

EXPORT_SYMBOL(mod_timer);

/**
 * del_timer - deactive a timer.
 * @timer: the timer to be deactivated
 *
 * del_timer() deactivates a timer - this works on both active and inactive
 * timers.
 *
 * The function returns whether it has deactivated a pending timer or not.
 * (ie. del_timer() of an inactive timer returns 0, del_timer() of an
 * active timer returns 1.)
 */
int del_timer(struct timer_list *timer)
{
	tvec_base_t *base;
	unsigned long flags;
	int ret = 0;

	timer_stats_timer_clear_start_info(timer);
	if (timer_pending(timer)) {
		base = lock_timer_base(timer, &flags);
		if (timer_pending(timer)) {
			detach_timer(timer, 1);
			ret = 1;
		}
		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&base->lock, flags);
	}

	return ret;
}

EXPORT_SYMBOL(del_timer);

#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
/**
 * try_to_del_timer_sync - Try to deactivate a timer
 * @timer: timer do del