user.dbk

用于操作系统实现方面的调试工具

see them because your directory is "stuck" looking at an old version.
To clear the sticky tag, use <command>cvs update -A</command>.
</para>

<para>
A variation on the sticky tag concept is a sticky date<footnote>
<para>
According to some sources, this is when you eat dinner with someone, and
accidentally spill a drink on him/her.
</para>
</footnote>.  If some feature was working at some time in the past, but
is no longer working, you can ask CVS to give you the sources from any
date.  <command>cvs update -D 2001-06-14</command> will download the
Bochs source as they were on June 14, 2001.  Again, use <command>-A</command>
to clear the sticky date and track the current sources.
</para>
</section>

<section><title>More about CVS</title>
<para>
Entire books have been written on CVS, so there's no sense in duplicating
it all here in the Bochs documentation.  Some sources of additional
information are listed below.
</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem><para>The <ulink url="http://www.cvshome.org">cvshome.com
site</ulink> has tons of CVS FAQs and documentation, including the official CVS
manual by Per Cederqvist.</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>
Another <ulink url="http://www.cs.utah.edu/dept/old/texinfo/cvs/FAQ.txt">CVS FAQ</ulink> is available at University of Utah.
</para></listitem>
</itemizedlist>

</section>


</section> <!-- End of Installation:Getting the source code with CVS -->


<section id="install-binary"><title>Installing a Binary</title>

<para>
This section is divided up by platform, since installing a binary package
is different on different platforms.
</para>

<section><title>Windows</title>
<para>
The Bochs binaries for Windows are distributed in an EXE installer package.
The Bochs installer can be started like any other Windows program and it brings
up the installation wizard. Here you can select the destination folder and the
installation options. The wizard installs the files and creates the registry
keys, start menu and desktop links.
</para>
<para>
Previous releases of Bochs were distributed as ZIP packages, too. These packages
contained the same set of files as the installer package from the same version.
</para>
<para>
If you are new to Bochs you should try out the DLX Linux demo distributed with
Bochs. The installation wizard has created a link on the desktop if you decided
to install the demo. If you doubleclick the icon two windows will appear:
one is the Bochs Display window, and the other is text window that is used for
the runtime configuration and for log messages if no logfile is specified.
</para>
<para>
You can find more information on the DLX Linux demo in the next section below the
DLX Linux screenshot.
</para>

<table><title>Files in Bochs directory (Windows version)</title>
<tgroup cols="2" align="left" colsep="1" rowsep="1">
<thead> <row> <entry>File</entry> <entry>Description</entry> </row>
</thead>
<tbody>

<row><entry>BIOS-bochs-latest </entry> <entry> ROM BIOS image for Bochs </entry> </row>
<row><entry>bochs.exe </entry> <entry> the main Bochs executable </entry> </row>
<row><entry>bochs.ico </entry> <entry> the Bochs icon (used for links in start menu and on the desktop) </entry> </row>
<row><entry>bochsdbg.exe </entry> <entry> the main Bochs executable with debugger enabled </entry> </row>
<row><entry>bochsrc-sample.txt </entry> <entry> sample Bochs configuration file </entry> </row>
<row><entry>bxcommit.exe </entry> <entry> tool for committing redologs to flat disk images </entry> </row>
<row><entry>bximage.exe </entry> <entry> tool for making new disk images </entry> </row>
<row><entry>CHANGES.txt </entry> <entry> what has changed between versions </entry> </row>
<row><entry>COPYING.txt </entry> <entry> copy of the LGPL license </entry> </row>
<row><entry>README.txt </entry> <entry> the read-me file from the source distribution. </entry> </row>
<row><entry>TODO.txt </entry> <entry> the TODO file from the source distribution. </entry> </row>
<row><entry>niclist.exe </entry> <entry> tool to find out the network interface name </entry> </row>
<row><entry>penguin.ico </entry> <entry> the Linux logo (used for the DLX link in start menu) </entry> </row>
<row><entry>sb16ctrl.exe </entry> <entry> tool to control sb16 in Bochs </entry> </row>
<row><entry>sb16ctrl.txt </entry> <entry> examples of sb16ctrl commands </entry> </row>
<row><entry>VGABIOS-elpin-2.40 </entry> <entry> VGA BIOS image for Bochs </entry> </row>
<row><entry>VGABIOS-elpin-LICENSE.txt </entry> <entry> license for VGA BIOS </entry> </row>
<row><entry>VGABIOS-lgpl-latest </entry> <entry> LGPL'd VGA BIOS image for Bochs </entry> </row>
<row><entry>VGABIOS-lgpl-latest-debug </entry> <entry> LGPL'd VGA BIOS image for Bochs with debug output to the logfile </entry> </row>
<row><entry>VGABIOS-lgpl-latest-cirrus </entry> <entry> LGPL'd VGA BIOS image for Bochs with the Cirrus extension enabled </entry> </row>
<row><entry>VGABIOS-lgpl-latest-cirrus-debug </entry> <entry> LGPL'd VGA BIOS image for Bochs with the Cirrus extension enabled and debug output to the logfile </entry> </row>
<row><entry>VGABIOS-lgpl-README.txt </entry> <entry> readme for the LGPL'd VGA BIOS </entry> </row>
<row><entry>uninstall.exe </entry> <entry> uninstall program for Bochs (created by the installation wizard) </entry> </row>
<row><entry>dlxlinux\ </entry> <entry> directory containing DLX linux sample disk image and configuration files</entry> </row>
<row><entry>dlxlinux\readme.txt </entry> <entry> description of DLX linux</entry> </row>
<row><entry>dlxlinux\bochsrc.txt </entry> <entry> Bochs configuration file for DLX</entry> </row>
<row><entry>dlxlinux/hd10meg.img </entry> <entry> disk image file (10 meg) </entry> </row>
<row><entry>dlxlinux\start.bat </entry> <entry> Run this BAT file to try out DLX Linux inside Bochs! </entry> </row>
<row><entry>dlxlinux\testform.txt </entry> <entry> Form for reporting success or failure </entry> </row>
<row>
  <entry>doc\index.html</entry>
  <entry>a local copy of all Bochs documentation (<ulink url="http://bochs.sourceforge.net/doc/docbook/index.html">online copy</ulink>)</entry>
</row>
<row><entry>keymaps\*.map </entry> <entry>keymap tables (on Windows used for the paste feature only) </entry> </row>
</tbody>
</tgroup>
</table>

</section> <!-- end of Installing a Binary:Windows -->

<section id="linuxrpm">
<title>Linux RPM</title>
<para>
RPM stands for "RedHat Package Manager."  An RPM is a compressed file
containing files to be installed on your system.  Many Linux distributions,
not just RedHat ones, can install files from an RPM.  First, download the
Bochs RPM for your architecture to your computer.  For example, if you have an
Intel-compatible computer, be sure to get the RPM that says "for Linux x86
distributions" or "i386".  Once you have the package on your local disk, you
should become the root user and install it as follows<footnote>
<para>
Many distributions have their own RPM installer program, often graphical, and
they should work ok.  It is helpful to be able to see the text output from
RPM, so if you use a fancy RPM installer, be sure to find the text output and
check that it looks correct.
</para>
</footnote>:

<figure><title>Installing an RPM in Linux</title>
<screen>
  user$ <command>su</command>
  Password: 
  root# <command>ls -l bochs-1.2.1.i386.rpm</command>
  -rw-rw-r--    1 user     user      1877515 Sep 14 09:02 bochs-1.2.1.i386.rpm
  root# <command>rpm -i bochs-1.2.1.i386.rpm</command>
  Looking for fonts to install... /usr/local/bochs/latest/
  Looking for X11 Font Path... /usr/lib/X11/fonts
  Installing vga.pcf... ok    (it was already there)
  Running mkfontdir...
  Done installing Bochs fonts for X11.
  root# exit
  user$ _
</screen>
</figure>
</para>

<para>
All RPM installations are done as the root user because they require
permission to update system files and directories.  If you do not have root
access you need to compile Bochs in your home directory.
</para>

<para>
RPM installation can fail for a few reasons.  It will fail if you already
have a Bochs package installed.  In this case, try upgrading the old package
to the new package with <command>rpm --upgrade NAME.i386.rpm</command>.
Another potential problem is missing RPM dependencies.  If you are getting
errors about missing files or RPMs, then first you should try to 
install the RPMs that provide the missing pieces.  If that cannot be done,
download the source RPM and build a new binary RPM that is appropriate
for your platform.  The command is <command>rpmbuild --rebuild
NAME.src.rpm</command>.  As a last resort, you can run rpm with the
<command>--nodeps</command> option to ignore dependencies and install it
anyway, but if it is missing important pieces it may not run properly.
</para>

<para>
The Bochs RPM installs four new commands and associated manual pages: bochs,
bochs-dlx, bximage and bxcommit.  First, let's try out the DLX Linux demo by typing
<command>bochs-dlx</command>.  

<screen>
  user$ bochs-dlx
  ---------------------------------------------------------------
	      DLX Linux Demo, for Bochs x86 Emulator
  ---------------------------------------------------------------
  Checking for bochs binary...ok
  Checking for DLX linux directory...ok
  Checking for /bin/gzip...ok
  Checking for /usr/users/bryce/.bochsdlx directory...
  ---------------------------------------------------------------
  To run the DLX Linux demo, I need to create a directory called
  /usr/users/bryce/.bochsdlx, and copy some configuration files
  and a 10 megabyte disk image into the directory.
  ---------------------------------------------------------------
  Is that okay? [y/n]
  y
  Copying /usr/share/bochs/dlxlinux/bochsrc.txt -> /usr/users/bryce/.bochsdlx/.
  Copying /usr/share/bochs/dlxlinux/README -> /usr/users/bryce/.bochsdlx/.
  Copying /usr/share/bochs/dlxlinux/testform.txt -> /usr/users/bryce/.bochsdlx/.
  Uncompressing /usr/share/bochs/dlxlinux/hd10meg.img.gz -> /usr/users/bryce/.bochsdlx/hd10meg.img
  Entering /usr/users/bryce/.bochsdlx
  Running bochs
  ========================================================================
			Bochs x86 Emulator 2.0.pre3
		Build from CVS snapshot on December 4, 2002
  ========================================================================
</screen>

Then you get a new X11 window containing the VGA display of the simulated
machine.  First you see the VGA BIOS screen, then Linux uncompresses and
boots, and you get a login prompt.  Type "root" and ENTER to log in to
DLX linux.
<figure>
<title>Screenshot of Bochs running DLX Linux</title>
<graphic format="PNG" fileref="../images/dlxlinux-in-linux.png">
</figure>
</para>

<para>
Booting is complete when you see "dlx login:" and a cursor.  At this login
prompt, type "root".  On UNIX systems, root is the system admin user.
There is no password for root on this sample disk image, so it lets you log 
in without typing any password.  Now you should see a UNIX prompt, and you 
can begin to type UNIX commands.
</para>

<screen>
  Welcome to DLX V1.0 (C) 1995-96 Erich Boehm
                      (C) 1995    Hannes Boehm

  dlx login: <command>root</command>
  Linux 1.3.89.
  dlx:~# <command>pwd</command>
  /root
  dlx:~# <command>cd /</command>
  dlx:~# <command>ls</command>
  bin/       etc/       lost+found/       root/       usr/
  boot/      fd/        mnt/              sbin/       var/
  dev/       lib/       proc/             tmp/        zip/
  dlx:/# <command>df</command>
  Filesystem    1024-blocks   Used  Available Capacity Mounted on
  /dev/hda1        10060      2736      6005     29%   /
  dlx:/# _
</screen>

<para>
When you get tired of playing with DLX Linux, just type "reboot" in the Bochs
window to shut down the DLX Linux operating system, and when it starts
to reboot again press the "Power" button at the top of the Bochs display
to end the application.
</para>


<para>
Here is a list of the files that are installed by the RPM, and a brief
description of each one.
</para>

<table><title>Files in RPM package</title>
<tgroup cols="2" align="left" colsep="1" rowsep="1">
<thead> <row> <entry>File</entry> <entry>Description</entry> </row>
</thead>
<tbody>

<row><entry>/usr/share/doc/bochs/CHANGES</entry> <entry> what has changed between versions </entry> </row>
<row><entry>/usr/share/doc/bochs/COPYING</entry> <entry> copy of the LGPL license </entry> </row>
<row><entry>/usr/share/doc/bochs/README</entry> <entry> the read-me file from the source distribution. </entry> </row>
<row><entry>/usr/share/doc/bochs/TODO</entry> <entry> the TODO file from the source distribution. </entry> </row>
<row><entry>/usr/bin/bochs </entry> <entry> the main Bochs executable </entry> </row>
<row><entry>/usr/bin/bximage </entry> <entry> tool for making new disk images </entry> </row>
<row><entry>/usr/bin/bxcommit </entry> <entry> tool for committing redologs to flat disk images </entry> </row>
<row><entry>/usr/lib/bochs/plugins/* </entry> <entry> device and gui plugins for Bochs (plugin version only) </entry> </row>
<row><entry>/usr/share/doc/bochs/bochsrc-sample.txt</entry> <entry> sample Bochs configuration file </entry> </row>
<row><entry>/usr/share/man/man1/* </entry> <entry> man pages for bochs, bochs-dlx, bximage and bxcommit</entry> </row>
<row><entry>/usr/share/man/man5/* </entry> <entry> man page for bochsrc </entry> </row>
<row><entry>/usr/share/doc/bochs/index.html</entry> <entry> a local copy of all Bochs documentation ( <ulink url="http://bochs.sourceforge.net/doc/docbook/index.html">Online copy</ulink> )</entry> </row>
<row><entry>/usr/share/bochs/BIOS-bochs-latest </entry> <entry> ROM BIOS image for Bochs </entry> </row>
<row><entry>/usr/share/bochs/VGABIOS-elpin-2.40 </entry> <entry> VGA BIOS image for Bochs </entry> </row>
<row><entry>/usr/share/bochs/VGABIOS-elpin-LICENSE </entry> <entry> license for VGA BIOS </entry> </row>
<row><entry>/usr/share/bochs/VGABIOS-lgpl-latest </entry> <entry> LGPL'd VGA BIOS image for Bochs </entry> </row>
<row><entry>/usr/share/bochs/VGABIOS-lgpl-latest-debug </entry> <entry> LGPL'd VGA BIOS image for Bochs with debug output to the logfile </entry> </row>
<row><entry>/usr/share/bochs/VGABIOS-lgpl-latest-cirrus </entry> <entry> LGPL'd VGA BIOS image for Bochs with the Cirrus extension enabled </entry> </row>
<row><entry>/usr/share/bochs/VGABIOS-lgpl-latest-cirrus-debug </entry> <entry> LGPL'd VGA BIOS image for Bochs with the Cirrus extension enabled and debug output to the logfile </entry> </row>
<row><entry>/usr/share/bochs/VGABIOS-lgpl-README </entry> <entry> readme for the LGPL'd VGA BIOS </entry> </row>
<row><entry>/usr/bin/bochs-dlx </entry> <entry> run this script to try out DLX Linux inside Bochs!</entry> </row>
<row><entry>/usr/share/bochs/dlxlinux/ </entry> <entry> directory containing DLX linux sample disk image and configuration files</entry> </row>
<row><entry>/usr/share/bochs/dlxlinux/readme.txt</entry> <entry> description of DLX linux</entry> </row>
<row><entry>/usr/share/bochs/keymaps/*.map </entry> <entry>keymap tables for X11 and SDL </entry> </row>
</tbody>
</tgroup>
</table>


</section> <!-- end of Installing a Binary:Linux section -->

<section id="macosxdmg">
<title>MacOS X DMG</title>
<para>
This was contributed by Aard Vark in January 2003
</para>
<para>
The MacOS X binary distribution is a mountable disk
image (.dmg file). Once you've downloaded the binary 
distribution file, just double click
on it to automatically unpack the archive and mount
the volume on the desktop.  An icon will appear 
exactly as if you'd inserted a CD-ROM
or removable storage device, and a finder window
containing the volume should automatically open.  
It is likely to have an odd name
such as _dmg_top, but don't worry about that.
</para>
<para>
Copy the Bochs-2.0 (or whatever version) folder from
the disk image onto your hard disk.