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📁 V-LAN 虚拟局域网的学习笔记
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<body lang=ZH-CN link=blue vlink=purple style='tab-interval:21.0pt;text-justify-trim:
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<div class=Section1 style='layout-grid:15.6pt'>

<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:
normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>为什么需要</span></b><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:14.0pt;
mso-fareast-language:JA'>VLAN <o:p></o:p></span></b></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:red'>什么是</span></b><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;
color:red'>VLAN</span></b><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:red'>？</span></b><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;color:red'> <span
lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></b></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>VLAN</span><span style='font-family:宋体;
mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>（</span><span
lang=EN-US>Virtual LAN</span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>），翻译成中文是“虚拟局域网”。</span><span
lang=EN-US>LAN</span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>可以是由少数几台家用计算机构成的网络，也可以是数以百计的计算机构成的企业网络。</span><span
lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>VLAN</span><span style='font-family:宋体;
mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
color:blue'>所指的</span><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>LAN</span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman";color:blue'>特指使用路由器分割的网络——也就是广播域</span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>。</span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><span class=GramE><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>在此让</span></span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>我们先复习一下广播域的概念。<span style='color:blue'>广播域，指的是广播帧（目标</span></span><span
lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>MAC</span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:blue'>地址全部为</span><span
lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>1</span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:blue'>）所能传递到的范围，亦即能够直接通信的范围</span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>。严格地说，并不仅仅是广播帧，多播帧（</span><span lang=EN-US>Multicast Frame</span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>）和目标不明的单播帧（</span><span lang=EN-US>Unknown Unicast Frame</span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>）也能在同一个广播域中畅行无阻。</span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>本来，二层交换机只能构建单一的广播域，不过使用</span><span
lang=EN-US>VLAN</span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>功能后，它能够将网络分割成多个广播域。</span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:red'>未分割<span class=GramE>广播域时</span>……</span></b></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>那么，为什么需要分割<span class=GramE>广播域呢</span>？那是因为，<span
style='color:red'>如果仅有一个广播域，有可能会影响到网络整体的传输性能</span>。具体原因，请参看附图加深理解。</span></p>

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