ch07_02.htm

unix基础教程

<a name="unut-ch-7-sect-2.9" /><div class="sect2"><h3 class="sect2">7.2.9. Buffer-Manipulation Commands</h3><p>
<a name="IXT-7-123134" /></p>
<table border="1" cellpadding="3">
<tr><th><p><em class="emphasis">Keystrokes</em></p>
</th><th><p><em class="emphasis">Command Name</em></p>
</th><th><p><em class="emphasis">Description</em></p>
</th></tr>

<tr><td><p>C-x b</p>
</td><td><p>switch-to-buffer</p>
</td><td><p>Move to specified buffer.</p>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><p>C-x C-b</p>
</td><td><p>list-buffers</p>
</td><td><p>Display buffer list.</p>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><p>C-x k</p>
</td><td><p>kill-buffer</p>
</td><td><p>Delete specified buffer.</p>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><p>(none)</p>
</td><td><p>kill-some-buffers</p>
</td><td><p>Ask about deleting each buffer.</p>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><p>(none)</p>
</td><td><p>rename-buffer</p>
</td><td><p>Change buffer name to specified name.</p>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><p>C-x s</p>
</td><td><p>save-some-buffers</p>
</td><td><p>Ask whether to save each modified buffer.</p>
</td></tr>
</table><p>
</div>



<a name="unut-ch-7-sect-2.10" /><div class="sect2"><h3 class="sect2">7.2.10. Window Commands</h3><p>
<a name="IXT-7-123135" /></p>
<table border="1" cellpadding="3">
<tr><th><p><em class="emphasis">Keystrokes</em></p>
</th><th><p><em class="emphasis">Command Name</em></p>
</th><th><p><em class="emphasis">Description</em></p>
</th></tr>

<tr><td><p>C-x 2</p>
</td><td><p>split-window-vertically</p>
</td><td><p>Divide the current window into two, one on top of the other.</p>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><p>C-x 3</p>
</td><td><p>split-window-horizontally</p>
</td><td><p>Divide the current window into two, side by side.</p>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><p>C-x &gt;</p>
</td><td><p>scroll-right</p>
</td><td><p>Scroll the window right.</p>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><p>C-x &lt;</p>
</td><td><p>scroll-left</p>
</td><td><p>Scroll the window left.</p>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><p>C-x o</p>
</td><td><p>other-window</p>
</td><td><p>Move to the other window.</p>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><p>C-x 0</p>
</td><td><p>delete-window</p>
</td><td><p>Delete current window.</p>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><p>C-x 1</p>
</td><td><p>delete-other-windows</p>
</td><td><p>Delete all windows but this one.</p>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><p>(none)</p>
</td><td><p>delete-windows-on</p>
</td><td><p>Delete all windows on a given buffer.</p>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><p>C-x ^</p>
</td><td><p>enlarge-window</p>
</td><td><p>Make window taller.</p>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><p>(none)</p>
</td><td><p>shrink-window</p>
</td><td><p>Make window shorter.</p>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><p>C-x }</p>
</td><td><p>enlarge-window-horizontally</p>
</td><td><p>Make window wider.</p>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><p>C-x {</p>
</td><td><p>shrink-window-horizontally</p>
</td><td><p>Make window narrower.</p>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><p>M-C-v</p>
</td><td><p>scroll-other-window</p>
</td><td><p>Scroll other window.</p>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><p>C-x 4 f</p>
</td><td><p>find-file-other-window</p>
</td><td><p>Find a file in the other window.</p>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><p>C-x 4 b</p>
</td><td><p>switch-to-buffer-other-window</p>
</td><td><p>Select a buffer in the other window.</p>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><p>C-x 5 f</p>
</td><td><p>find-file-other-frame</p>
</td><td><p>Find a file in a new frame.</p>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><p>C-x 5 b</p>
</td><td><p>switch-to-buffer-other-frame</p>
</td><td><p>Select a buffer in another frame.</p>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><p>(none)</p>
</td><td><p>compare-windows</p>
</td><td><p>Compare two buffers; show first difference.</p>
</td></tr>
</table><p>
</div>

<a name="unut-ch-7-sect-2.11" /><div class="sect2"><h3 class="sect2">7.2.11. Special Shell Characters</h3><p>
<a name="IXT-7-123136" /></p>
<table border="1" cellpadding="3">
<tr><th><p><em class="emphasis">Keystrokes</em></p>
</th><th><p><em class="emphasis">Command Name</em></p>
</th><th><p><em class="emphasis">Description</em></p>
</th></tr>

<tr><td><p>C-c C-c</p>
</td><td><p>comint-interrupt-subjob</p>
</td><td><p>Terminate the current job.</p>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><p>C-c C-d</p>
</td><td><p>comint-send-eof</p>
</td><td><p>End of file character.</p>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><p>C-c C-u</p>
</td><td><p>comint-kill-input</p>
</td><td><p>Erase current line.</p>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><p>C-c C-w</p>
</td><td><p>backward-kill-word</p>
</td><td><p>Erase the previous word.</p>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><p>C-c C-z</p>
</td><td><p>comint-stop-subjob</p>
</td><td><p>Suspend the current job.</p>
</td></tr>
</table><p>
</div>



<a name="unut-ch-7-sect-2.12" /><div class="sect2"><h3 class="sect2">7.2.12. Indentation Commands</h3><p>
<a name="IXT-7-123137" />
<a name="IXT-7-123138" /></p>
<table border="1" cellpadding="3">
<tr><th><p><em class="emphasis">Keystrokes</em></p>
</th><th><p><em class="emphasis">Command Name</em></p>
</th><th><p><em class="emphasis">Description</em></p>
</th></tr>

<tr><td><p>C-x .</p>
</td><td><p>set-fill-prefix</p>
</td><td><p>Use characters from the beginning of the line up to the cursor column
as the &#8220;fill prefix.&#8221;
This prefix is prepended to each line in the paragraph.
Cancel the prefix by typing this command in column 1.</p>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><p>(none)</p>
</td><td><p>indented-text-mode</p>
</td><td><p>Major mode:  each tab defines a new indent for subsequent
lines.</p>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><p>(none)</p>
</td><td><p>text-mode</p>
</td><td><p>Exit indented text mode; return to text mode.</p>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><p>M-C-\</p>
</td><td><p>indent-region</p>
</td><td><p>Indent a region to match first line in region.</p>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><p>M-m</p>
</td><td><p>back-to-indentation</p>
</td><td><p>Move cursor to first character on line.</p>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><p>M-C-o</p>
</td><td><p>split-line</p>
</td><td><p>Split line at cursor; indent to column of cursor.</p>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><p>(none)</p>
</td><td><p>fill-individual-paragraphs</p>
</td><td><p>Reformat indented paragraphs, keeping indentation.</p>
</td></tr>
</table><p>
</div>



<a name="unut-ch-7-sect-2.13" /><div class="sect2"><h3 class="sect2">7.2.13. Centering Commands</h3><p>
<a name="IXT-7-123139" />
<a name="IXT-7-123140" /></p>
<table border="1" cellpadding="3">
<tr><th><p><em class="emphasis">Keystrokes</em></p>
</th><th><p><em class="emphasis">Command Name</em></p>
</th><th><p><em class="emphasis">Description</em></p>
</th></tr>

<tr><td><p>M-s</p>
</td><td><p>center-line</p>
</td><td><p>Center line that cursor is on.</p>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><p>(none)</p>
</td><td><p>center-paragraph</p>
</td><td><p>Center paragraph that cursor is on.</p>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><p>(none)</p>
</td><td><p>center-region</p>
</td><td><p>Center currently defined region.</p>
</td></tr>
</table><p>
</div>



<a name="unut-ch-7-sect-2.14" /><div class="sect2"><h3 class="sect2">7.2.14. Macro Commands</h3><p>
<a name="IXT-7-123141" /></p>
<table border="1" cellpadding="3">
<tr><th><p><em class="emphasis">Keystrokes</em></p>
</th><th><p><em class="emphasis">Command Name</em></p>
</th><th><p><em class="emphasis">Description</em></p>
</th></tr>

<tr><td><p>C-x (</p>
</td><td><p>start-kbd-macro</p>
</td><td><p>Start macro definition.</p>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><p>C-x )</p>
</td><td><p>end-kbd-macro</p>
</td><td><p>End macro definition.</p>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><p>C-x e</p>
</td><td><p>call-last-kbd-macro</p>
</td><td><p>Execute last macro defined.</p>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><p>M-<em class="emphasis">n</em> C-x e</p>
</td><td><p>digit-argument and call-last-kbd-macro</p>
</td><td><p>Execute last macro defined <em class="emphasis">n</em> times.</p>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><p>C-u C-x (</p>
</td><td><p>universal-argument and start-kbd-macro</p>
</td><td><p>Execute last macro defined, then add keystrokes.</p>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><p>(none)</p>
</td><td><p>name-last-kbd-macro</p>
</td><td><p>Name last macro you created (before saving it).</p>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><p>(none)</p>
</td><td><p>insert-keyboard-macro</p>
</td><td><p>Insert the macro you named into a file.</p>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><p>(none)</p>
</td><td><p>load-file</p>
</td><td><p>Load macro files you've saved.</p>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><p>(none)</p>
</td><td><p><em class="emphasis">macroname</em></p>
</td><td><p>Execute a keyboard macro you've saved.</p>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><p>C-x q</p>
</td><td><p>kbd-macro-query</p>
</td><td><p>Insert a query in a macro definition.</p>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><p>C-u C-x q</p>
</td><td><p>(none)</p>
</td><td><p>Insert a recursive edit in a macro definition.</p>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><p>M-C-c</p>
</td><td><p>exit-recursive-edit</p>
</td><td><p>Exit a recursive edit.</p>
</td></tr>
</table><p>
</div>

<a name="unut-ch-7-sect-2.15" /><div class="sect2"><h3 class="sect2">7.2.15. Basic Indentation Commands</h3><p>
<a name="IXT-7-123142" />
<a name="IXT-7-123143" /></p>
<table border="1" cellpadding="3">
<tr><th><p><em class="emphasis">Keystrokes</em></p>
</th><th><p><em class="emphasis">Command Name</em></p>
</th><th><p><em class="emphasis">Description</em></p>
</th></tr>

<tr><td><p>M-C-\</p>
</td><td><p>indent-region</p>
</td><td><p>Indent a region to match first line in region.</p>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><p>M-m</p>
</td><td><p>back-to-indentation</p>
</td><td><p>Move to first non-blank character on line.</p>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><p>M-^</p>
</td><td><p>delete-indentation</p>
</td><td><p>Join this line to the previous one.</p>
</td></tr>
</table><p>
</div>

<a name="unut-ch-7-sect-2.16" /><div class="sect2"><h3 class="sect2">7.2.16. Detail Information Help Commands</h3><p>
<a name="IXT-7-123144" /></p>
<table border="1" cellpadding="3">
<tr><th><p><em class="emphasis">Keystrokes</em></p>
</th><th><p><em class="emphasis">Command Name</em></p>
</th><th><p><em class="emphasis">Description</em></p>
</th></tr>

<tr><td><p>C-h a</p>
</td><td><p>command-apropos</p>
</td><td><p>What commands involve this concept?</p>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><p>(none)</p>
</td><td><p>apropos</p>
</td><td><p>What functions and variables involve this concept?</p>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><p>C-h c</p>
</td><td><p>describe-key-briefly</p>
</td><td><p>What command does this keystroke sequence run?</p>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><p>C-h b</p>
</td><td><p>describe-bindings</p>
</td><td><p>What are all the key bindings for this buffer?</p>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><p>C-h k</p>
</td><td><p>describe-key</p>
</td><td><p>What command does this keystroke sequence run,
and what does it do?</p>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><p>C-h l</p>
</td><td><p>view-lossage</p>
</td><td><p>What are the last 100 characters I typed?</p>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><p>C-h w</p>
</td><td><p>where-is</p>
</td><td><p>What is the key binding for this command?</p>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><p>C-h f</p>
</td><td><p>describe-function</p>
</td><td><p>What does this function do?</p>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><p>C-h v</p>
</td><td><p>describe-variable</p>
</td><td><p>What does this variable mean, and what is its value?</p>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><p>C-h m</p>
</td><td><p>describe-mode</p>
</td><td><p>Tell me about the mode the current buffer is in.</p>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><p>C-h s</p>
</td><td><p>describe-syntax</p>
</td><td><p>What is the syntax table for this buffer?</p>
</td></tr>
</table><p>
</div>

<a name="unut-ch-7-sect-2.17" /><div class="sect2"><h3 class="sect2">7.2.17. Help Commands</h3><table border="1" cellpadding="3">
<tr><th><p><em class="emphasis">Keystrokes</em></p>
</th><th><p><em class="emphasis">Command Name</em></p>
</th><th><p><em class="emphasis">Description</em></p>
</th></tr>

<tr><td><p>C-h t</p>
</td><td><p>help-with-tutorial</p>
</td><td><p>Run the <tt class="literal">emacs</tt> tutorial.</p>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><p>C-h i</p>
</td><td><p>info</p>
</td><td><p>Start the Info documentation reader.</p>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><p>C-h n</p>
</td><td><p>view-emacs-news</p>
</td><td><p>View news about updates to <tt class="literal">emacs</tt>.</p>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><p>C-h C-c</p>
</td><td><p>describe-copying</p>
</td><td><p>View the <tt class="literal">emacs</tt> General Public License.</p>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><p>C-h C-d</p>
</td><td><p>describe-distribution</p>
</td><td><p>View information on ordering <tt class="literal">emacs</tt> from the FSF.</p>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><p>C-h C-w</p>
</td><td><p>describe-no-warranty</p>
</td><td><p>View the (non-)warranty for <tt class="literal">emacs</tt>.</p>
</td></tr>
</table><p>
</div>


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