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<html><head><title>Special Characters (UNIX in a Nutshell: System V Edition)</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../style/style1.css" /><meta name="DC.Creator" content="Arnold Robbins" /><meta name="DC.Format" content="text/xml" scheme="MIME" /><meta name="DC.Language" content="en-US" /><meta name="DC.Publisher" content="O'Reilly & Associates, Inc." /><meta name="DC.Source" scheme="ISBN" content="1-56592-427-4" /><meta name="DC.Subject.Keyword" content="stuff" /><meta name="DC.Title" content="UNIX in a Nutshell: System V Edition" /><meta name="DC.Type" content="Text.Monograph" /></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff"><img src="gifs/smbanner.gif" usemap="#banner-map" border="0" alt="Book Home" /><map name="banner-map"><area shape="rect" coords="1,-2,616,66" href="index.htm" alt="Book Title" /><area shape="rect" coords="629,-11,726,25" href="jobjects/fsearch.htm" alt="Search this book" /></map><div class="navbar"><table width="684" border="0"><tr><td align="left" valign="top" width="228"><a href="ch12_08.htm"><img src="../gifs/txtpreva.gif" alt="Previous" border="0" /></a></td><td align="center" valign="top" width="228" /><td align="right" valign="top" width="228"><a href="ch13_01.htm"><img src="../gifs/txtnexta.gif" alt="Next" border="0" /></a></td></tr></table></div><h2 class="sect1">12.9. Special Characters</h2><p>This section lists the following special characters:<a name="IXT-12-123404" /><a name="IXT-12-123405" /><a name="IXT-12-123406" /></p><ul><li><p>Characters that reside on the standard fonts</p></li><li><p>Miscellaneous characters</p></li><li><p>Bracket-building symbols</p></li><li><p>Mathematics symbols</p></li><li><p>Greek characters</p></li></ul><p>The characters in the first table below are available on the standard fonts.The characters in the remaining tables are available only on the special font.</p><a name="unut-ch-12-tab-2" /><h4 class="objtitle">Table 12-2. Characters on the Standard Fonts</h4><table border="1" cellpadding="3"><tr><th>Input</th><th>Char</th><th>Character Name</th></tr><tr><td><tt class="literal">'</tt></td><td>'</td><td>Close quote</td></tr><tr><td><tt class="literal">‘</tt></td><td>‘</td><td>Open quote</td></tr><tr><td><tt class="literal">\(em</tt></td><td>--</td><td>Em-dash (width of “m”)</td></tr><tr><td><tt class="literal">\(en</tt></td><td>–</td><td>En-dash (width of “n”)</td></tr><tr><td><tt class="literal">\-</tt></td><td>-</td><td>Minus in current font</td></tr><tr><td><tt class="literal">-</tt></td><td>-</td><td>Hyphen</td></tr><tr><td><tt class="literal">\(hy</tt></td><td>-</td><td>Hyphen</td></tr><tr><td><tt class="literal">\(bu</tt></td><td><img src="figs/bull.gif" alt="Figure " /></td><td>Bullet</td></tr><tr><td><tt class="literal">\(sq</tt></td><td><img src="figs/squ.gif" alt="Figure " /></td><td>Square</td></tr><tr><td><tt class="literal">\(ru</tt></td><td>_</td><td>Rule</td></tr><tr><td><tt class="literal">\(14</tt></td><td>¼</td><td>1/4</td></tr><tr><td><tt class="literal">\(12</tt></td><td>½</td><td>1/2</td></tr><tr><td><tt class="literal">\(34</tt></td><td>¾</td><td>3/4</td></tr><tr><td><tt class="literal">\(fi</tt></td><td><img src="figs/filig.gif" alt="Figure " /></td><td>fi ligature</td></tr><tr><td><tt class="literal">\(fl</tt></td><td><img src="figs/fllig.gif" alt="Figure " /></td><td>fl ligature</td></tr><tr><td><tt class="literal">\(ff</tt></td><td><img src="figs/fflig.gif" alt="Figure " /></td><td>ff ligature</td></tr><tr><td><tt class="literal">\(Fi</tt></td><td><img src="figs/ffilig.gif" alt="Figure " /></td><td>ffi ligature</td></tr><tr><td><tt class="literal">\(Fl</tt></td><td><img src="figs/ffllig.gif" alt="Figure " /></td><td>ffl ligature</td></tr><tr><td><tt class="literal">\(de</tt></td><td>°</td><td>Degree</td></tr><tr><td><tt class="literal">\(dg</tt></td><td><img src="figs/dagger.gif" alt="Figure " /></td><td>Dagger</td></tr><tr><td><tt class="literal">\(fm</tt></td><td><img src="figs/prime.gif" alt="Figure " /></td><td>Foot mark</td></tr><tr><td><tt class="literal">\(ct</tt></td><td>¢</td><td>Cent sign</td></tr><tr><td><tt class="literal">\(rg</tt></td><td>®</td><td>Registered</td></tr><tr><td><tt class="literal">\(co</tt></td><td>©</td><td>Copyright</td></tr></table><p><a name="unut-ch-12-tab-3" /><h4 class="objtitle">Table 12-3. Miscellaneous Characters</h4><table border="1" cellpadding="3"><tr><th>Input</th><th>Char</th><th>Character Name</th></tr><tr><td><tt class="literal">\(sc</tt></td><td>§</td><td>Section</td></tr><tr><td><tt class="literal">\(aa</tt></td><td>´</td><td>Acute accent</td></tr><tr><td><tt class="literal">\´</tt></td><td>´</td><td>Acute accent</td></tr><tr><td><tt class="literal">\(ga</tt></td><td>`</td><td>Grave accent</td></tr><tr><td><tt class="literal">\`</tt></td><td>`</td><td>Grave accent</td></tr><tr><td><tt class="literal">\(ul</tt></td><td>_</td><td>Underrule</td></tr><tr><td><tt class="literal">\(-></tt></td><td><img src="figs/U2192.gif" alt="Figure " /></td><td>Right arrow</td></tr><tr><td><tt class="literal">\(<-</tt></td><td><img src="figs/U2190.gif" alt="Figure " /></td><td>Left arrow</td></tr><tr><td><tt class="literal">\(ua</tt></td><td><img src="figs/U2191.gif" alt="Figure " /></td><td>Up arrow</td></tr><tr><td><tt class="literal">\(da</tt></td><td><img src="figs/U2193.gif" alt="Figure " /></td><td>Down arrow</td></tr><tr><td><tt class="literal">\(br</tt></td><td>|</td><td>Box rule</td></tr><tr><td><tt class="literal">\(dd</tt></td><td><img src="figs/ddagger.gif" alt="Figure " /></td><td>Double dagger</td></tr><tr><td><tt class="literal">\(rh</tt></td><td><img src="figs/rhand.gif" alt="Figure " /></td><td>Right hand</td></tr><tr><td><tt class="literal">\(lh</tt></td><td><img src="figs/lhand.gif" alt="Figure " /></td><td>Left hand</td></tr><tr><td><tt class="literal">\(ci</tt></td><td><img src="figs/cir.gif" alt="Figure " /></td><td>Circle</td></tr></table><p><a name="unut-ch-12-tab-4" /><h4 class="objtitle">Table 12-4. Bracket-Building Symbols</h4><table border="1" cellpadding="3"><tr><th><em class="emphasis">Input</em></th><th><em class="emphasis">Char</em></th><th><em class="emphasis">Character Name</em></th></tr><tr><td><tt class="literal">\(lt</tt></td><td><img src="figs/ltbcb.gif" alt="Figure " /></td><td>Left top of big curly bracket</td></tr><tr><td><tt class="literal">\(lk</tt></td><td><img src="figs/lcbcb.gif" alt="Figure " /></td><td>Left center of big curly bracket</td></tr><tr><td><tt class="literal">\(lb</tt></td><td><img src="figs/lbbcb.gif" alt="Figure " /></td><td>Left bottom of big curly bracket</td></tr><tr><td><tt class="literal">\(rt</tt></td><td><img src="figs/rtbcb.gif" alt="Figure " /></td><td>Right top of big curly bracket</td></tr><tr><td><tt class="literal">\(rk</tt></td><td><img src="figs/rcbcb.gif" alt="Figure " /></td><td>Right center of big curly bracket</td></tr><tr><td><tt class="literal">\(rb</tt></td><td><img src="figs/rbbcb.gif" alt="Figure " /></td><td>Right bottom of big curly bracket</td></tr><tr><td><tt class="literal">\(lc</tt></td><td><img src="figs/lceil.gif" alt="Figure " /></td><td>Left ceiling (left top) of big square bracket</td></tr><tr><td><tt class="literal">\(bv</tt></td><td>|</td><td>Bold vertical</td></tr><tr><td><tt class="literal">\(lf</tt></td><td><img src="figs/lfloor.gif" alt="Figure " /></td><td>Left floor (left bottom) of big square bracket</td></tr><tr><td><tt class="literal">\(rc</tt></td><td><img src="figs/rceil.gif" alt="Figure " /></td><td>Right ceiling (right top) of big square bracket</td></tr><tr><td><tt class="literal">\(rf</tt></td><td><img src="figs/rfloor.gif" alt="Figure " /></td><td>Right floor (right bottom) of big square bracket</td></tr></table><p><a name="unut-ch-12-tab-5" /><h4 class="objtitle">Table 12-4. Mathematics Symbols</h4><table border="1" cellpadding="3"><tr><th>Input</th><th>Char</th><th>Character Name</th></tr><tr><td><tt class="literal">\(pl</tt></td><td>+</td><td>Math plus</td></tr><tr><td><tt class="literal">\(mi</tt></td><td>-</td><td>Math minus</td></tr><tr><td><tt class="literal">\(eq</tt></td><td>=</td><td>Math equals</td></tr><tr><td><tt class="literal">\(**</tt></td><td>*</td><td>Math star</td></tr><tr><td><tt class="literal">\(sl</tt></td><td>/</td><td>Slash (matching backslash)</td></tr><tr><td><tt class="literal">\(sr</tt></td><td><img src="figs/radic.gif" alt="Figure " /></td><td>Square root</td></tr><tr><td><tt class="literal">\(rn</tt></td><td>-</td><td>Root en extender</td></tr><tr><td><tt class="literal">\(>=</tt></td><td><img src="figs/ge.gif" alt="Figure " /></td><td>Greater than or equal to</td></tr>⌨️ 快捷键说明
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