ch13_01.htm

unix基础教程

<h4 class="refsect2">Skip</h4>
<table border="1" cellpadding="3"><tr><td><tt class="literal">0</tt></td><td>Put on a separate page (default).</td></tr>
<tr><td><tt class="literal">1</tt></td><td>Do not issue a following <tt class="literal">.SK</tt>.</td></tr>
<tr><td><tt class="literal">2</tt></td><td>Do not issue a preceding <tt class="literal">.SK</tt>.</td></tr>
<tr><td><tt class="literal">3</tt></td><td>Do not issue either a preceding or following <tt class="literal">.SK</tt>.</td></tr>
</table><p>

</td></tr><tr><td valign="top"><a name=".RS">.RS</a></td><td><p><tt class="literal">.RS</tt> [<tt><em class="replaceable"><tt>strname</tt></em></tt>]</p>
<p>Start automatically numbered reference.
End with <tt class="literal">.RF</tt>.
If provided, use <em class="emphasis">strname</em></tt> as a
<tt class="literal">troff</tt> string in which to
save the reference number surrounded by brackets and
appropriate line motions.
This allows referring to the reference again from text further on
in the document.</p>
<h4 class="refsect2">Example</h4><blockquote><pre class="code">J. Programmer\*(Rf
.RS W1
.I "Whizprog \- The Be All and End All Program,"
J. Programmer, Wizard Corp, April 1, 1999.
.RF
describes the design of
.IR whizprog .
The second chapter\*(W1 
presents


an especially insightful analysis.  ...</pre></blockquote>

</td></tr>

<tr><td valign="top"><a name=".S">.S</a></td><td><p><tt class="literal">.S</tt> [[<tt class="literal">&#177;</tt>]<tt><em class="replaceable"><tt>n</em></tt>] [[<tt class="literal">&#177;</tt>]<tt><em class="replaceable">m</tt></em></tt>]</p>
<p>Set point size to <em class="emphasis">n</em></tt> and vertical spacing to <em class="emphasis">m</em></tt>
(<tt class="literal">troff</tt> only).  Alternatively, either
argument can be specified by incrementing or decrementing
the current value (<tt class="literal">C</tt>), default value (<tt class="literal">D</tt>),  
or previous value (<tt class="literal">P</tt>).  
Default point size is 10; default vertical spacing is 12.</p>
</td></tr><tr><td valign="top"><a name=".SA">.SA</a></td><td><p><tt class="literal">.SA</tt> [<tt><em class="replaceable"><tt>n</tt></em></tt>]</p>
<p>Set right margin justification to <em class="emphasis">n</em></tt>.  
Defaults are no justification for <tt class="literal">nroff</tt>,
justification for <tt class="literal">troff</tt>.</p>
<h4 class="refsect2">Values for n</h4>

<table border="1" cellpadding="3">

<tr><td><tt class="literal">0</tt></td><td><p>No justification.</p>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><tt class="literal">1</tt></td><td><p>Justification.  </p>
</td></tr>
</table><p>

</td></tr><tr><td valign="top"><a name=".SG">.SG</a></td><td><p><tt class="literal">.SG</tt> [<tt><em class="replaceable"><tt>typist</tt></em></tt>] [<tt class="literal">1</tt>]</p>
<p>Add <em class="emphasis">typist</em></tt> to Author's name on the signature line.
(The Author's name is obtained from the <tt class="literal">.AU</tt> macro.)
With a second argument of <tt class="literal">1</tt>, the author's location, department etc.
are placed on the same line as the name of the first author, instead
of on the line with the last author's name.</p>
</td></tr><tr><td valign="top"><a name=".SK">.SK</a></td><td><p><tt class="literal">.SK</tt> <tt><em class="replaceable"><tt>n</tt></em></tt></p>
<p>Skip <em class="emphasis">n</em></tt> pages.  Similar to a <tt class="literal">.bp</tt> request.</p>
</td></tr><tr><td valign="top"><a name=".SM">.SM</a></td><td><p><tt class="literal">.SM</tt> <tt><em class="replaceable"><tt>x</em></tt> [<tt><em class="replaceable">y</em></tt>] [<tt><em class="replaceable">z</tt></em></tt>]</p>
<p>Reduce a string by one point.
Multiple arguments are concatenated, with one of them reduced
in size, as described in this table.</p>


<table border="1" cellpadding="3">
<tr><th><em class="emphasis"># of Arguments</em></tt></th><th><em class="emphasis">Action</em></tt></th></tr>

<tr><td>One</td><td>Reduce size of first string by one point.</td></tr>
<tr><td>Two</td><td>Reduce size of first string by one point.</td></tr>
<tr><td>Three</td><td>Reduce size of middle string by one point.</td></tr>
</table><p>
</td></tr>

<tr><td valign="top"><a name=".SP">.SP</a></td><td><p><tt class="literal">.SP</tt> [<tt><em class="replaceable"><tt>n</tt></em></tt>]</p>
<p>Output <em class="emphasis">n</em></tt> blank vertical spaces.
The spacing requests of two consecutive <tt class="literal">.SP</tt> macros
do not accumulate.</p>
</td></tr><tr><td valign="top"><a name=".TB">.TB</a></td><td><p><tt class="literal">.TB</tt> [<tt><em class="replaceable"><tt>title</em></tt>] [<tt><em class="replaceable">n</em></tt>] [<tt><em class="replaceable">flag</tt></em></tt>]</p>
<p>Supply table <em class="emphasis">title</em></tt>. Arguments optionally override default 
numbering, where <em class="emphasis">flag</em></tt> determines use of number <em class="emphasis">n</em></tt>.  </p>
<h4 class="refsect2">Flag</h4>

<table border="1" cellpadding="3">

<tr><td><tt class="literal">0</tt></td><td><p><em class="emphasis">n</em></tt> is a prefix to number (default).</p>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><tt class="literal">1</tt></td><td><p><em class="emphasis">n</em></tt> is a suffix. </p>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><tt class="literal">2</tt></td><td><p><em class="emphasis">n</em></tt> replaces number.</p>
</td></tr>
</table><p>

</td></tr><tr><td valign="top"><a name=".TC">.TC</a></td><td><p><tt class="literal">.TC</tt> [<tt><em class="replaceable"><tt>slevel</em></tt>] [<tt><em class="replaceable">spacing</em></tt>] [<tt><em class="replaceable">tlevel</em></tt>] [<tt><em class="replaceable">tab</em></tt>] [<tt><em class="replaceable">head1</tt></em></tt>] ...</p>
<p>Generate table of contents in format specified by arguments.  The levels
of headings that
are saved for table of contents are determined by setting the <tt class="literal">Cl</tt>
register.</p>
<p><em class="emphasis">slevel</em></tt> sets the levels of headings that have spacing before them.
<em class="emphasis">spacing</em></tt> sets the amount of spacing.  
Default is 1; first-level headings have a blank line before them.  </p>
<p><em class="emphasis">tlevel</em></tt> and <em class="emphasis">tab</em></tt> 
affect the location of the page number.  Heading levels less than or equal to 
<em class="emphasis">tlevel</em></tt> are output with page numbers at the right margin; otherwise,
the heading and page number are separated by two spaces.  If page numbers
are at the right margin, and if <em class="emphasis">tab</em></tt> is 0, a leader is output
using dots; otherwise, spaces are used.</p>
</td></tr><tr><td valign="top"><a name=".TE">.TE</a></td><td><p><tt class="literal">.TE</tt></p>
<p>End table.  See <b class="emphasis-bold">.TS</b>.</p>
</td></tr><tr><td valign="top"><a name=".TH">.TH</a></td><td><p><tt class="literal">.TH</tt> [<tt class="literal">N</tt>]</p>
<p>End


table header.  Must be used with a preceding <tt class="literal">.TS H</tt>.
Use <tt class="literal">N</tt> to suppress table headers until a new page.</p>
</td></tr>

<tr><td valign="top"><a name=".TL">.TL</a></td><td><p><tt class="literal">.TL</tt> [<tt><em class="replaceable"><tt>charge</em></tt> [<tt><em class="replaceable">file</em></tt>]]</p><p><tt><em class="replaceable">text</tt></em></tt></p>
<p>Supply title for formal memoranda.
<em class="emphasis">charge</em></tt> and <em class="emphasis">file</em></tt> are the
&#8220;charging case&#8221; and &#8220;filing case&#8221; for the
memorandum; not too useful outside the Bell System.</p>
</td></tr><tr><td valign="top"><a name=".TM">.TM</a></td><td><p><tt class="literal">.TM</tt> [<tt><em class="replaceable"><tt>n</tt></em></tt>]</p>
<p>Supply number <em class="emphasis">n</em></tt> for technical memoranda.</p>
</td></tr><tr><td valign="top"><a name=".TP">.TP</a></td><td><p><tt class="literal">.TP</tt></p>
<p>Page top macro, invoked automatically at the beginning of a new page.
Executed in environment in which heading is output.
See also <b class="emphasis-bold">.PH</b>.</p>
</td></tr><tr><td valign="top"><a name=".TS">.TS</a></td><td><p><tt class="literal">.TS</tt> [<tt class="literal">H</tt>]</p>
<p>Start table to be processed by <tt class="literal">tbl</tt>.  
Use <tt class="literal">H</tt> to put a table header on all pages.
End table header with <tt class="literal">.TH</tt>.
End table with <tt class="literal">.TE</tt>.  
See <a href="ch17_01.htm">Chapter 17</a> for more information on <tt class="literal">tbl</tt>.</p>
</td></tr><tr><td valign="top"><a name=".TX">.TX</a></td><td><p><tt class="literal">.TX</tt></p>
<p>User-supplied macro executed before table-of-contents titles.</p>
</td></tr><tr><td valign="top"><a name=".TY">.TY</a></td><td><p><tt class="literal">.TY</tt></p>
<p>User-supplied macro executed before table-of-contents header.</p>
</td></tr><tr><td valign="top"><a name=".VL">.VL</a></td><td><p><tt class="literal">.VL</tt> <tt><em class="replaceable"><tt>n</em></tt> [<tt><em class="replaceable">m</tt></em></tt>] [<tt class="literal">1</tt>]</p>
<p>Initialize variable item list.  
Used to produce indented or labeled paragraphs.
Indent text <em class="emphasis">n</em></tt> spaces and indent mark 
<em class="emphasis">m</em></tt> spaces.  If third argument is <tt class="literal">1</tt>,
omit space between list items.
Begin each item with <tt class="literal">.LI</tt>, specifying a label
for each item; end list with <tt class="literal">.LE</tt>.</p>
</td></tr><tr><td valign="top"><a name=".VM">.VM</a></td><td><p><tt class="literal">.VM</tt> [<tt><em class="replaceable"><tt>n</em></tt>] [<tt><em class="replaceable">m</tt></em></tt>]</p>
<p>Vertical


margin.
Add <em class="emphasis">n</em></tt> lines to top margin and <em class="emphasis">m</em></tt> lines to bottom.</p>
</td></tr>





<tr><td valign="top"><a name=".WC">.WC</a></td><td><p><tt class="literal">.WC</tt> [<tt><em class="replaceable"><tt>x</tt></em></tt>]</p>
<p>Change column or footnote width to <em class="emphasis">x</em></tt>.  </p>
<h4 class="refsect2">Values for x</h4>
<table border="1" cellpadding="3">

<tr><td><tt class="literal">FF</tt></td><td><p>All footnotes same as first.  </p>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><tt class="literal">-FF</tt></td><td><p>Turn off <tt class="literal">FF</tt> mode.
Normal default mode.  </p>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><tt class="literal">WD</tt></td><td><p>Wide displays.</p>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><tt class="literal">-WD</tt></td><td><p>Use default column mode.</p>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><tt class="literal">WF</tt></td><td><p>Wide footnotes.</p>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><tt class="literal">-WF</tt></td><td><p>Turn off <tt class="literal">WF</tt> mode.</p>
</td></tr>
</table><p>

</td></tr></table><p>
</div>

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