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<html><head><title>Index: F</title></head><body bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000"><!-- START OF BODY --><!-- TOP BANNER --><p><img src="../gifs/smbanns.gif" usemap="#banner-map" border=0 alt="Unix in a Nutshell" ></a></p><map name="banner-map"><area alt="Unix in a Nutshell" href="../index.htm" coords="1,-2,616,66" shape="rect"><area alt="Search this book" href="../jobjects/fsearch.htm" coords="629,-11,726,25 shape="rect"></map><!-- TOP INDEX LINKS --><p><a href="idx_0.htm">Symbols & Numbers</a>| <a href="idx_a.htm">A</a>| <a href="idx_b.htm">B</a>| <a href="idx_c.htm">C</a>| <a href="idx_d.htm">D</a>| <a href="idx_e.htm">E</a>| <a href="idx_f.htm">F</a>| <a href="idx_g.htm">G</a>| <a href="idx_h.htm">H</a>| <a href="idx_i.htm">I</a>| <a href="idx_j.htm">J</a>| <a href="idx_k.htm">K</a>| <a href="idx_l.htm">L</a>| <a href="idx_m.htm">M</a>| <a href="idx_n.htm">N</a>| <a href="idx_o.htm">O</a>| <a href="idx_p.htm">P</a>| <a href="idx_q.htm">Q</a>| <a href="idx_r.htm">R</a>| <a href="idx_s.htm">S</a>| <a href="idx_t.htm">T</a>| <a href="idx_u.htm">U</a>| <a href="idx_v.htm">V</a>| <a href="idx_w.htm">W</a>| <a href="idx_x.htm">X</a>| <a href="idx_y.htm">Y</a>| <a href="idx_z.htm">Z</a></FONT><!-- INDEX SECTION BODY --><H2>Index: F</H2><DL><!-- ========================== --><a name="face-command"><dt>face command: <a href="../appb_02.htm#IXT-B-121639"> B.2. Alphabetical Summary of Commands</a></dt><!-- ========================== --><a name="factor-command"><dt>factor command: <a href="../ch02_01.htm#IXT-2-122071">2.1. Alphabetical Summary of Commands</a></dt><!-- ========================== --><a name="false-command"><dt>false command: <a href="../ch02_01.htm#IXT-2-122074">2.1. Alphabetical Summary of Commands</a></dt><dd><dl> <dt><a href="../ch04_09.htm#IXT-4-122844">4.9. Built-in Commands (Bourne and Korn Shells)</a></dt></dl></dd><!-- ========================== --><a name="fc-command"><dt>fc command: <a href="../ch04_05.htm#IXT-4-122802">4.5.2. The fc and hist Commands</a></dt><dd><dl> <dt><a href="../ch04_09.htm#IXT-4-122845">4.9. Built-in Commands (Bourne and Korn Shells)</a></dt> <dt><a href="../ch04_09.htm#IXT-4-122846">4.9. Built-in Commands (Bourne and Korn Shells)</a></dt></dl></dd><!-- ========================== --><a name="FCEDIT-shell-variable"><dt>FCEDIT shell variable: <a href="../ch04_03.htm#IXT-4-122727">4.3.3. Other Shell Variables</a></dt><!-- ========================== --><a name="fdformat-command"><dt>fdformat command: <a href="../ch02_01.htm#IXT-2-122075">2.1. Alphabetical Summary of Commands</a></dt><!-- ========================== --><a name="fflush-function-gawk"><dt>fflush function (gawk): <a href="../ch11_10.htm#IXT-11-123320">11.10. Alphabetical Summary of Functions and Commands</a></dt><!-- ========================== --><a name="fg-command"><dt>fg command: <a href="../ch04_09.htm#IXT-4-122847">4.9. Built-in Commands (Bourne and Korn Shells)</a></dt><dd><dl> <dt><a href="../ch05_08.htm#IXT-5-123052">5.8. Built-in C Shell Commands</a></dt></dl></dd><!-- ========================== --><a name="fgrep-command"><dt>fgrep command: <a href="../ch02_01.htm#IXT-2-122079">2.1. Alphabetical Summary of Commands</a></dt><!-- ========================== --><a name="fi-command"><dt>fi command: <a href="../ch04_09.htm#IXT-4-122848">4.9. Built-in Commands (Bourne and Korn Shells)</a></dt><!-- ========================== --><a name="fignore-shell-variable"><dt>fignore shell variable: <a href="../ch05_03.htm#IXT-5-122936">5.3.3. Predefined Shell Variables</a></dt><!-- ========================== --><a name="file-command"><dt>file command: <a href="../ch02_01.htm#IXT-2-122084">2.1. Alphabetical Summary of Commands</a></dt><!-- ========================== --><a name="file-command-ex"><dt>file command (ex): <a href="../ch09_02.htm#IXT-9-123178">9.2. Alphabetical Summary of ex Commands</a></dt><!-- ========================== --><a name="file-creation-mode-mask"><dt>file creation mode mask: <a href="../ch02_01.htm#IXT-2-122517">2.1. Alphabetical Summary of Commands</a></dt><!-- ========================== --><a name="file-descriptors"><dt>file descriptors: <a href="../ch04_02.htm#IXT-4-122702">4.2.5.2. Redirection using file descriptors</a></dt><!-- ========================== --><a name="file-inquiry-operators-csh"><dt>file inquiry operators (csh): <a href="../ch05_04.htm#IXT-5-123010">5.4.1.5. File inquiry operators</a></dt><!-- ========================== --><a name="filec-shell-variable"><dt>filec shell variable: <a href="../ch05_03.htm#IXT-5-122937">5.3.3. Predefined Shell Variables</a></dt><!-- ========================== --><a name="filenames"><dt>filenames</dt><dd><dl> <a name="metacharacters-for"> <dt>metacharacters for: <a href="../ch04_02.htm#IXT-4-122649">4.2.2. Filename Metacharacters</a></dt><dd><dl> <dt><a href="../ch05_02.htm#IXT-5-122914">5.2.2. Filename Metacharacters</a></dt> <dt><a href="../ch06_01.htm#IXT-6-123092">6.1. Filenames Versus Patterns</a></dt> </dl></dd> <a name="stripping-from-pathnames"> <dt>stripping from pathnames: <a href="../ch02_01.htm#IXT-2-121998">2.1. Alphabetical Summary of Commands</a></dt> </dl></dd><!-- ========================== --><a name="files"><dt>files</dt><dd><dl> <a name="access-and-modification-times-updating"> <dt>access and modification times, updating: <a href="../ch02_01.htm#IXT-2-122493">2.1. Alphabetical Summary of Commands</a></dt> <a name="archives"> <dt>archives (see <a href="idx_a.htm#archives">archives</a>)</dt> <a name="binary-converting-for-email"> <dt>binary, converting for email: <a href="../ch02_01.htm#IXT-2-122558">2.1. Alphabetical Summary of Commands</a></dt> <a name="breaking-lines-of"> <dt>breaking lines of: <a href="../appb_02.htm#IXT-B-121649"> B.2. Alphabetical Summary of Commands</a></dt> <a name="calculating-checksum-for"> <dt>calculating checksum for: <a href="../appb_02.htm#IXT-B-121717"> B.2. Alphabetical Summary of Commands</a></dt> <a name="checking-in"> <dt>checking in: <a href="../ch18_03.htm#IXT-18-123493">18.3.2. Retrieving a File</a></dt><dd><dl> <dt><a href="../ch18_06.htm#IXT-18-123508">18.6. Alphabetical Summary of SCCS Commands</a></dt> <dt><a href="../ch19_02.htm#IXT-19-123551">19.2. Basic Operation</a></dt> <dt><a href="../ch19_05.htm#IXT-19-123587">19.5. Alphabetical Summary of Commands</a></dt> </dl></dd> <a name="checking-out"> <dt>checking out: <a href="../ch18_03.htm#IXT-18-123490">18.3.2. Retrieving a File</a></dt><dd><dl> <dt><a href="../ch18_06.htm#IXT-18-123512">18.6. Alphabetical Summary of SCCS Commands</a></dt> <dt><a href="../ch19_02.htm#IXT-19-123553">19.2. Basic Operation</a></dt> <dt><a href="../ch19_05.htm#IXT-19-123590">19.5. Alphabetical Summary of Commands</a></dt> </dl></dd> <a name="classifying-by-data-type"> <dt>classifying by data type: <a href="../ch02_01.htm#IXT-2-122085">2.1. Alphabetical Summary of Commands</a></dt> <a name="combining-into-module"> <dt>combining into module: <a href="../ch02_01.htm#unut-ch-2-ix-files-combining-into-module">2.1. Alphabetical Summary of Commands</a></dt> <a name="comments-in-modifying"> <dt>comments in, modifying: <a href="../ch02_01.htm#IXT-2-122286">2.1. Alphabetical Summary of Commands</a></dt> <a name="comparing"> <dt>comparing: <a href="../ch02_01.htm#IXT-2-121840">2.1. Alphabetical Summary of Commands</a></dt><dd><dl> <dt><a href="../ch02_01.htm#IXT-2-121904">2.1. Alphabetical Summary of Commands</a></dt> <dt><a href="../ch02_01.htm#IXT-2-121914">2.1. Alphabetical Summary of Commands</a></dt> <dt><a href="../ch02_01.htm#IXT-2-121983">2.1. Alphabetical Summary of Commands</a></dt> <dt><a href="../ch02_01.htm#IXT-2-121986">2.1. Alphabetical Summary of Commands</a></dt> <dt><a href="../ch02_01.htm#IXT-2-122406">2.1. Alphabetical Summary of Commands</a></dt> <a name="document-drafts"> <dt>document drafts: <a href="../ch02_01.htm#IXT-2-121991">2.1. Alphabetical Summary of Commands</a></dt> </dl></dd> <a name="compiling"> <dt>compiling: <a href="../ch02_01.htm#IXT-2-121863">2.1. Alphabetical Summary of Commands</a></dt><dd><dl> <dt><a href="../ch02_01.htm#IXT-2-122612">2.1. Alphabetical Summary of Commands</a></dt> </dl></dd> <a name="compression"> <dt>compression: <a href="../ch02_01.htm#IXT-2-121918">2.1. Alphabetical Summary of Commands</a></dt><dd><dl> <dt><a href="../ch02_01.htm#IXT-2-122142">2.1. Alphabetical Summary of Commands</a></dt> <dt><a href="../ch02_01.htm#IXT-2-122146">2.1. Alphabetical Summary of Commands</a></dt> <dt><a href="../ch02_01.htm#IXT-2-122547">2.1. Alphabetical Summary of Commands</a></dt> <dt><a href="../appb_02.htm#IXT-B-121689"> B.2. Alphabetical Summary of Commands</a></dt> </dl></dd> <a name="converting"> <dt>converting</dt><dd><dl> <a name="character-sets-in"> <dt>character sets in: <a href="../ch02_01.htm#IXT-2-122158">2.1. Alphabetical Summary of Commands</a></dt> <a name="DOS-to-ISO"> <dt>DOS to ISO: <a href="../ch02_01.htm#IXT-2-122009">2.1. Alphabetical Summary of Commands</a></dt> <a name="ISO-to-DOS"> <dt>ISO to DOS: <a href="../ch02_01.htm#IXT-2-122544">2.1. Alphabetical Summary of Commands</a></dt> <a name="string_files-into-msg_files"> <dt>string_files into msg_files: <a href="../ch02_01.htm#IXT-2-122294">2.1. Alphabetical Summary of Commands</a></dt> <a name="-into-tables"> <dt> into tables: <a href="../ch02_01.htm#IXT-2-122610">2.1. Alphabetical Summary of Commands</a></dt> </dl></dd> <a name="copying"> <dt>copying: <a href="../ch02_01.htm#IXT-2-121920">2.1. Alphabetical Summary of Commands</a></dt><dd><dl> <dt><a href="../ch02_01.htm#IXT-2-121962">2.1. Alphabetical Summary of Commands</a></dt> <a name="with-remote-systems"> <dt>with remote systems: <a href="../appb_02.htm#IXT-B-121732"> B.2. Alphabetical Summary of Commands</a></dt> <a name="remotely"> <dt>remotely: <a href="../ch02_01.htm#IXT-2-122103">2.1. Alphabetical Summary of Commands</a></dt><dd><dl> <dt><a href="../ch02_01.htm#IXT-2-122367">2.1. Alphabetical Summary of Commands</a></dt> </dl></dd> <a name="from-tape"> <dt>from tape: <a href="../ch02_01.htm#IXT-2-122473">2.1. Alphabetical Summary of Commands</a></dt> </dl></dd> <a name="counting-words-characters-lines-of"> <dt>counting words/characters/lines of: <a href="../ch02_01.htm#IXT-2-122586">2.1. Alphabetical Summary of Commands</a></dt> <a name="deleting"> <dt>deleting: <a href="../ch02_01.htm#IXT-2-122381">2.1. Alphabetical Summary of Commands</a></dt> <a name="disassembling"> <dt>disassembling: <a href="../ch02_01.htm#IXT-2-122004">2.1. Alphabetical Summary of Commands</a></dt> <a name="displaying"> <dt>displaying</dt><dd><dl> <a name="by-page"> <dt>by page: <a href="../appb_02.htm#IXT-B-121696"> B.2. Alphabetical Summary of Commands</a></dt> <a name="profile-data-for"> <dt>profile data for: <a href="../ch02_01.htm#IXT-2-122358">2.1. Alphabetical Summary of Commands</a></dt> </dl></dd> <a name="dumping-parts-of"> <dt>dumping parts of: <a href="../ch02_01.htm#IXT-2-122044">2.1. Alphabetical Summary of Commands</a></dt> <a name="editing"> <dt>editing (see <a href="idx_t.htm#text-editors">text editors</a>)</dt><dd><dl> <a name="bfs-command"> <dt>bfs command: <a href="../appb_02.htm#IXT-B-121628"> B.2. Alphabetical Summary of Commands</a></dt> <a name="restrictions-on"> <dt>restrictions on: <a href="../appb_02.htm#IXT-B-121700"> B.2. Alphabetical Summary of Commands</a></dt> </dl></dd> <a name="emacs-commands-for-handling"> <dt>emacs commands for handling: <a href="../ch07_02.htm#IXT-7-123123">7.2.1. File-Handling Commands</a></dt> <a name="encoded-recreating-original-file"> <dt>encoded, recreating original file: <a href="../ch02_01.htm#IXT-2-122556">2.1. Alphabetical Summary of Commands</a></dt> <a name="encrypting-and-decrypting-vi"> <dt>encrypting and decrypting (vi): <a href="../ch02_01.htm#IXT-2-122572">2.1. Alphabetical Summary of Commands</a></dt> <a name="expanding"> <dt>expanding: <a href="../appb_02.htm#IXT-B-121726"> B.2. Alphabetical Summary of Commands</a></dt> <a name="extracting-columns-fields"> <dt>extracting columns/fields: <a href="../ch02_01.htm#IXT-2-121947">2.1. Alphabetical Summary of Commands</a></dt> <a name="formatting"> <dt>formatting: <a href="../ch02_01.htm#IXT-2-121859">2.1. Alphabetical Summary of Commands</a></dt><dd><dl> <dt><a href="../ch02_01.htm#IXT-2-122349">2.1. Alphabetical Summary of Commands</a></dt> <dt><a href="../appb_02.htm#IXT-B-121675"> B.2. Alphabetical Summary of Commands</a></dt> </dl></dd> <a name="formatting-lines-in"> <dt>formatting lines in: <a href="../ch02_01.htm#IXT-2-122099">2.1. Alphabetical Summary of Commands</a></dt> <a name="inserting-compiler-error-messages"> <dt>inserting compiler error messages: <a href="../ch02_01.htm#IXT-2-122053">2.1. Alphabetical Summary of Commands</a></dt> <a name="joining-similar-lines-of"> <dt>joining similar lines of: <a href="../ch02_01.htm#IXT-2-122194">2.1. Alphabetical Summary of Commands</a></dt> <a name="listing"> <dt>listing</dt><dd><dl> <a name="for-current-directory"> <dt>for current directory: <a href="../ch02_01.htm#IXT-2-122266">2.1. Alphabetical Summary of Commands</a></dt> <a name="related-pairs-of"> <dt>related pairs of: <a href="../appb_02.htm#IXT-B-121664"> B.2. Alphabetical Summary of Commands</a></dt> <a name="shared-objects-for"> <dt>shared objects for: <a href="../ch02_01.htm#IXT-2-122218">2.1. Alphabetical Summary of Commands</a></dt> <a name="those-to-be-executed"> <dt>those to be executed: <a href="../ch02_01.htm#IXT-2-122595">2.1. Alphabetical Summary of Commands</a></dt> </dl></dd> <a name="merging-lines-into-columns"> <dt>merging lines into columns: <a href="../ch02_01.htm#IXT-2-122338">2.1. Alphabetical Summary of Commands</a></dt> <a name="moving"> <dt>moving: <a href="../ch02_01.htm#IXT-2-122304">2.1. Alphabetical Summary of Commands</a></dt> <a name="on-multiple-systems-commands-for">⌨️ 快捷键说明
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