ch18_06.htm

unix基础教程

<a name="IXT-18-123508" />
<a name="IXT-18-123509" />
<a name="IXT-18-123510" />Incorporate changes (add a delta) to one or more SCCS <em class="emphasis">files</em></tt>.
<tt class="literal">delta</tt> stores changes made to a text file
retrieved by <tt class="literal">get -e</tt> and then edited.
<tt class="literal">delta</tt> normally
removes the text file.</p>
<h4 class="refsect2">Options</h4><dl><dt><tt class="literal">-d</tt></dt><dd>Use <tt class="literal">diff</tt> instead of <tt class="literal">bdiff</tt> to find the changes.
Solaris only.</p>
</dd>
<dt><tt class="literal">-g</tt><tt><em class="replaceable">list</em></tt></dt><dd>Ignore deltas whose SCCS IDs (version numbers) are
specified in the comma-separated <em class="emphasis">list</em></tt>.
Use &#8211; to supply a range; e.g., <tt class="literal">1.3,2.1-2.5</tt>.</p>
</dd>
<dt><tt class="literal">-m</tt>[<tt><em class="replaceable">list</em></tt>]</dt><dd>Supply a <em class="emphasis">list</em></tt> of modification request numbers
as reasons for creating new deltas.
<tt class="literal">-m</tt> is useful only when <tt class="literal">admin</tt>
has set the <tt class="literal">v</tt> flag for <em class="emphasis">file</em>.
If <tt class="literal">-m</tt> is
omitted, the terminal displays <tt class="literal">MRs?</tt> as an input prompt.</p>
</dd>
<dt><tt class="literal">-n</tt></dt><dd>Do not remove the edited file (extracted by <tt class="literal">get -e</tt>)
after execution of <tt class="literal">delta</tt>.</p>
</dd>
<dt><tt class="literal">-p</tt></dt><dd>Print a <tt class="literal">diff</tt>-style listing of delta changes to <em class="emphasis">file</em></tt>.</p>
</dd>
<dt><tt class="literal">-r</tt><tt><em class="replaceable">SID</em></tt></dt><dd>Delta version number that identifies <em class="emphasis">file</em></tt>.  <tt class="literal">-r</tt> is
needed only when more than one version of an SCCS file is being 
edited simultaneously.</p>
</dd>
<dt><tt class="literal">-s</tt></dt><dd>Suppress printing of new SID and other delta information.</p>
</dd>
<dt><tt class="literal">-y</tt>[<tt><em class="replaceable">string</em></tt>]</dt><dd>Insert <em class="emphasis">string</em></tt> as a comment describing why the delta was made.  If
<tt class="literal">-y</tt> is omitted, the terminal displays <tt class="literal">comments?</tt> as an input
prompt.</p>
</dd>
</dl>

</td></tr><tr><td valign="top"><a name="get">get</a></td><td><p><tt class="literal">get</tt> [<tt><em class="replaceable"><tt>options</em></tt>] <tt><em class="replaceable">files</tt></em></tt></p>
<p>
<a name="IXT-18-123511" />
<a name="IXT-18-123512" />
<a name="IXT-18-123513" />Retrieve a text version of an SCCS <em class="emphasis">file</em></tt>.
The retrieved text file (also called the g-file)
has the same name as the SCCS file but drops the <tt class="literal">s.</tt> prefix.  
For each SCCS <em class="emphasis">file</em></tt>, <tt class="literal">get</tt> prints its version number and 
the number of lines retrieved.  See the previous section, &#8220;Identification Keywords&#8221;, for a
list of keywords that can be placed in text files. </p>
<h4 class="refsect2">Options</h4><dl><dt><tt class="literal">-a</tt><tt><em class="replaceable">n</em></tt></dt><dd>Retrieve delta sequence number <em class="emphasis">n</em></tt>; not very useful (used by
<tt class="literal">comb</tt>).</p>
</dd>
<dt><tt class="literal">-b</tt></dt><dd>Create new branch (use with <tt class="literal">-e</tt>).</p>
</dd>
<dt><tt class="literal">-c</tt><tt><em class="replaceable">date</em></tt></dt><dd>Retrieve a version that includes only those changes made before
<em class="emphasis">date</em>.
<em class="emphasis">date</em> is a series of two-digit numbers indicating the
year, followed by an optional month, day, hour, minute, and second.
Nonnumeric characters can be used as field separators;
they are essentially ignored.</p>
</dd>
<dt><tt class="literal">-e</tt></dt><dd>Retrieve a text file for editing;
this is the most commonly used option.
Implies <tt class="literal">-k</tt>.</p>
</dd>
<dt><tt class="literal">-g</tt></dt><dd>Suppress the text and just retrieve the SCCS ID (version number),
typically to check it.</p>
</dd>
<dt><tt class="literal">-G</tt><tt><em class="replaceable">name</em></tt></dt><dd>Save retrieved text in file <em class="emphasis">name</em></tt> (default is to drop
the <tt class="literal">s.</tt> prefix).
Solaris only.</p>
</dd>
<dt><tt class="literal">-i</tt><tt><em class="replaceable">list</em></tt></dt><dd>Incorporate into the retrieved text file
any deltas whose SCCS IDs (version numbers) are
specified in the comma-separated <em class="emphasis">list</em>.
Use a hyphen (&#8211;) to supply a range (e.g., <tt class="literal">1.3,2.1-2.5</tt>).</p>
</dd>
<dt><tt class="literal">-k</tt></dt><dd>Do not expand ID keywords to their values; use in place of <tt class="literal">-e</tt> 
to regenerate (overwrite) a text file that was ruined during editing.</p>
</dd>
<dt><tt class="literal">-l</tt>[<tt class="literal">p</tt>]</dt><dd>Create a delta summary (saved to a file or, with <tt class="literal">-lp</tt>, displayed
on standard output).</p>
</dd>
<dt><tt class="literal">-m</tt></dt><dd>Precede each text line with the SCCS ID of the delta it relates to.</p>
</dd>
<dt><tt class="literal">-n</tt></dt><dd>Precede each text line with the <tt class="literal">%M%</tt> keyword 
(typically the name of the text file).</p>
</dd>
<dt><tt class="literal">-p</tt></dt><dd>Write retrieved text to standard output instead of to a file.</p>
</dd>
<dt><tt class="literal">-r</tt>[<tt><em class="replaceable">sid</em></tt>]</dt><dd>Retrieve SCCS ID (version number) <em class="emphasis">sid</em></tt>.
With no <em class="emphasis">sid</em>, retrieve the latest version or the
version specified by the <tt class="literal">d</tt> flag in the SCCS file.</p>
</dd>
<dt><tt class="literal">-s</tt></dt><dd>Suppress normal output (show error messages only).</p>
</dd>
<dt><tt class="literal">-t</tt></dt><dd>Retrieve the top (most recent) version of a release.</p>
</dd>
<dt><tt class="literal">-w</tt><tt><em class="replaceable">string</em></tt></dt><dd>Replace the <tt class="literal">%W%</tt> keyword with <em class="emphasis">string</em></tt>;
<tt class="literal">%W%</tt> is the header label
used by <tt class="literal">what</tt>.

</p>
</dd>
<dt><tt class="literal">-x</tt><tt><em class="replaceable">list</em></tt></dt><dd>Exclude the <em class="emphasis">list</em></tt> of deltas from the retrieved text file;
the inverse of <tt class="literal">-i</tt>. </p>
</dd>
</dl>

<h4 class="refsect2">Examples</h4><p>Retrieve file <tt class="literal">prog.c</tt> for editing; a subsequent <tt class="literal">delta</tt>
creates a branch at version 1.3:</p>
<blockquote><pre class="code"><tt class="userinput"><b>get -e -b -r1.3 s.prog.c</b></tt></pre></blockquote>
<p>Retrieve file <tt class="literal">prog.c</tt>; contents will exclude changes made after
2:30 p.m. on June 1, 1990 (except for deltas 2.6 and 2.7, which are
included):</p>
<blockquote><pre class="code"><tt class="userinput"><b>get -c'90/06/01 14:30:00' -i'2.6,2.7' s.prog.c</b></tt></pre></blockquote>
<p>Display the contents of <tt class="literal">s.text.c</tt> (all revisions except 1.1 &#8211;
1.7):</p>
<blockquote><pre class="code"><tt class="userinput"><b>get -p -x1.1-1.7 s.text.c</b></tt></pre></blockquote>

</td></tr><tr><td valign="top"><a name="help">help</a></td><td><p><tt class="literal">help</tt> [<em class="replaceable"><tt>commands</em> | <em class="replaceable">error_codes</tt></em>]</p>
<p>
<a name="IXT-18-123514" />Online help facility to explain SCCS commands or error messages.
With no arguments, <tt class="literal">help</tt> prompts for a command name or an
error code.  To display a brief syntax, supply the SCCS command
name.  To display an explanation
of an error message, supply the code that appears after
an SCCS error message.  The <tt class="literal">help</tt> files usually reside in
<tt class="literal">/usr/ccs/lib</tt>.</p>
<p>Error messages produced by aborted SCCS commands are of the form:</p>
<blockquote><pre class="code">ERROR <em class="replaceable"><tt>filename</em>: <em class="replaceable">message</em> (<em class="replaceable">code</tt></em>)</pre></blockquote>
<p>The <em class="emphasis">code</em> is useful for finding out the nature of your error.
To do this, type:</p>
<blockquote><pre class="code"><tt class="userinput"><b>help </b></tt><em class="replaceable"><tt>code</tt></em></pre></blockquote>
<h4 class="refsect2">Example</h4><p>When everything else fails, try this:</p>
<blockquote><pre class="code"><tt class="userinput"><b>help stuck</b></tt></pre></blockquote>

</td></tr><tr><td valign="top"><a name="prs">prs</a></td><td><p><tt class="literal">prs</tt> [<em class="replaceable"><tt>options</em>] <em class="replaceable">files</tt></em></p>
<p>
<a name="IXT-18-123515" />Print formatted information for one or more SCCS <em class="emphasis">files</em>.</p>
<h4 class="refsect2">Options</h4><dl><dt><tt class="literal">-a</tt></dt><dd>Include information for all deltas, including removed ones.</p>
</dd>
<dt><tt class="literal">-c</tt><tt><em class="replaceable">date</em></tt></dt><dd>Cutoff <em class="emphasis">date</em></tt> used with <tt class="literal">-e</tt> or <tt class="literal">-l</tt>
(see <b class="emphasis-bold">get</b> for 
format of <em class="emphasis">date</em>).</p>
</dd>
<dt><tt class="literal">-d</tt>[<tt><em class="replaceable">format</em></tt>]</dt><dd>Specify output <em class="emphasis">format</em></tt> by supplying text
and/or SCCS keywords.  See the previous section, &#8220;Data Keywords,&#8221; for a list of valid
keywords.
Use <tt class="literal">\t</tt> and <tt class="literal">\n</tt> in the <em class="emphasis">format</em></tt>
to create a tab and newline, respectively.</p>
</dd>
<dt><tt class="literal">-e</tt></dt><dd>With <tt class="literal">-r</tt>, list data for deltas earlier than or including <em class="emphasis">sid</em></tt>;
with <tt class="literal">-c</tt>, list data for deltas not newer than <em class="emphasis">date</em>.</p>
</dd>
<dt><tt class="literal">-l</tt></dt><dd>Like <tt class="literal">-e</tt>, but later than or including <em class="emphasis">sid</em></tt> or <em class="emphasis">date</em></tt>.</p>
</dd>
<dt><tt class="literal">-r</tt>[<tt><em class="replaceable">sid</em></tt>]</dt><dd>Specify SCCS ID <em class="emphasis">sid</em></tt>;
default is the most recent delta.</p>
</dd>
</dl>

<h4 class="refsect2">Example</h4><p>The following command:</p>
<blockquote><pre class="code"><tt class="userinput"><b>prs -d"program :M: version :I: by :P:" -r s.yes.c</b></tt></pre></blockquote>
<p>might produce this output:</p>
<blockquote><pre class="code">program yes.c version 2.4.6 by daniel</pre></blockquote>

</td></tr><tr><td valign="top"><a name="prt">prt</a></td><td><p><tt class="literal">prt</tt> [<em class="replaceable"><tt>options</em>] <em class="replaceable">files</tt></em></p>
<p>
<a name="IXT-18-123516" />Solaris only.