说明.htm

自制isp编程器

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<p class=MsoNormal style='layout-grid-mode:char'><span style='font-family:宋体;
mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>这是改进后的</span><span
lang=EN-US>3</span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>种方案，都通过了很</span><span lang=EN-US>N</span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>次的测试，比较稳定，速度也有很大的提升。以前用的</span><span lang=EN-US>74HC373</span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>，</span><span lang=EN-US>LE</span><span class=GramE><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>由并口</span></span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>来控制锁存，在众多网友的提示下改进了那个电路，锁存信号直接<span
class=GramE>接</span></span><span lang=EN-US>VCC</span><span style='font-family:
宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>或</span><span
lang=EN-US>GND</span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>，这样通信时少了一个锁存的环节。由于没有锁存，主要<span
class=GramE>是并口会</span>干扰</span><span lang=EN-US>P1.7(SCK)</span><span
class=GramE><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>导致烧片失败</span></span><span lang=EN-US>,</span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>我实验时也失败了很多次。参照</span><span lang=EN-US>AT</span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>原版下载线电路后，在</span><span lang=EN-US>STROBE</span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>接<span class=GramE>个那样</span>的电路可以彻底解决问题。还有最重要的：强烈建议使用‘</span><span
lang=EN-US>HC</span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>’的器件，我用‘</span><span lang=EN-US>LS</span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>’器件实验时没有一次成功。</span></p>

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lang=EN-US><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:21.0pt;layout-grid-mode:char'><span
class=GramE><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>烧片基本原理</span></span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>：</span><span lang=EN-US>RST</span><span class=GramE><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>置高电平</span></span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>，然后向单片机串行发送编程命令。</span><span
lang=EN-US>P1.7(SCK)</span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>输入移位脉冲，</span><span
lang=EN-US>P1.6(MISO)</span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>串行读入数据，</span><span
lang=EN-US>P1.5(MOSI)</span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>串行写入命令或数据</span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>（要了解详细编程原理可以去看</span><span lang=EN-US
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt'>AT89S51</span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>的器件手册）</span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>。使用<span
class=GramE>并口发出</span>控制信号，接芯片只是用于信号转换，因为<span class=GramE>并口直接</span>输出高电平的电压有点没到位，使用其他芯片也可以，还有人提出直接<span
class=GramE>接</span>电阻。<span class=GramE>并口引脚</span></span><span lang=EN-US>1</span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>控制</span><span lang=EN-US>P1.7</span><span style='font-family:
宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>，引脚</span><span
lang=EN-US>14</span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>控制</span><span lang=EN-US>P1.5</span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>，引脚</span><span lang=EN-US>15</span><span style='font-family:
宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>读</span><span
lang=EN-US>P1.6</span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>，引脚</span><span lang=EN-US>16</span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>控制</span><span lang=EN-US>RST</span><span style='font-family:
宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>，</span><span
lang=EN-US> 18-25</span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>这些引脚都可以接地。为此<span class=GramE>我还遍了</span>个线路调试软件，让你很快能做好编程器。</span></p>

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lang=EN-US><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:21.0pt;layout-grid-mode:char'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>建议做成下载线。在你的单片机系统板上做个</span><span lang=EN-US>6</span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>芯的接口，</span><span lang=EN-US>4</span><span style='font-family:
宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>个引脚分别接单片机</span><span
lang=EN-US>P1.5,P1.6,P1.7</span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>，</span><span
lang=EN-US>RST</span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>，另外两个接</span><span lang=EN-US>VCC</span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>，</span><span lang=EN-US>GND</span><span style='font-family:
宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>为器件供电。注意：被烧写的单片机一定是最小系统（单片机已经接好电源，晶振，可以运行）。</span><span
lang=EN-US> </span></p>

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lang=EN-US><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:21.0pt;layout-grid-mode:char'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>还有一个方案：使用串口</span><span lang=EN-US>+</span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>单片机，这个方案已经用了半年了。电路稍微麻烦一点，速度比较快，而且可以烧</span><span lang=EN-US>AT89C51</span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>等等，以前还可以烧</span><span lang=EN-US>2051</span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>。其实许多器件编程原理差不多，由于我没太多时间研究器件手册，更没有</span><span lang=EN-US>MONEY</span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>买一堆芯片来测试，所以只实现了几个最常用单片机编程功能（</span><span lang=EN-US>AT89C51</span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>，</span><span lang=EN-US>C52</span><span style='font-family:
宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>，</span><span
lang=EN-US>C55</span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>，</span><span lang=EN-US>AT89S51</span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>，</span><span lang=EN-US>S52</span><span style='font-family:
宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>）。如果要烧写其他单片机，你可以直接编写底层控制子程序（例如，写一个单元，读一个单元，擦除</span><span
lang=EN-US>ROM</span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>的子程序）。</span></p>

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<p class=MsoNormal style='layout-grid-mode:char'><span style='font-family:宋体;
mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>软件：</span></p>

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<p class=MsoNormal style='layout-grid-mode:char'><span style='font-family:宋体;
mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>这个软件的通信，控制部分早在半年前就完成了，这回只是换了个界面和<span
class=GramE>加入并口下载</span>线的功能，希望你看到这个软件不会想吐。使用<span class=GramE>很简当</span>，有一点特别，当你用鼠标右键点击按钮后，可以把相关操作设置为自动模式（只有打开文件，擦除芯片，写</span><span
lang=EN-US>FLASH ROM</span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>，读</span><span
lang=EN-US>FLASH ROM</span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>，效验数据</span> <span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>可以设置），点击‘自动完成’后会依次完成这些操作，并在开始时检测芯片。当“打开文件”设为自动后，第</span><span
lang=EN-US>2</span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>次<span class=GramE>烧写同</span>一个文件时不必再去打开文件，软件会自动刷新缓冲。软件在</span><span
lang=EN-US>WIN XP</span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>，</span><span lang=EN-US>WIN 2000</span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>可以使用（管理员登陆的），在</span><span lang=EN-US>WIN 98 </span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>，</span><span lang=EN-US>WIN ME</span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>使用<span class=GramE>并口模式</span>时会更快些。这个软件同时支持串口编程器和<span
class=GramE>并</span>口下载线。操作正常结束后会有声音提示。如果没有声卡<span class=GramE>或声卡烂</span>了，则声音会从机箱扬声器中发出。注意：记得在</span><span
lang=EN-US>CMOS</span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>设置中<span class=GramE>把并口</span>设为</span><span
lang=EN-US>ECP</span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>模式。</span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='layout-grid-mode:char'><span lang=EN-US><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:21.0pt;layout-grid-mode:char'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>就这些东西，应该够详细吧。我做这个东西完全是为了我们初学者能够更快的将单片机实践应用。摆脱那种只能在软件仿真器中运行程序的痛苦。还有什么问题或遇到什么困难可以联系我</span><span
lang=EN-US>,</span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>有好的建议一定要告诉我，软件出现问题一定要记得通知我修正。祝你一次就成功搞定。</span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:21.0pt;layout-grid-mode:char'><span
lang=EN-US><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:21.0pt;layout-grid-mode:char'><span
lang=EN-US>QQ</span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>：</span><span class=GramE><span
lang=EN-US>3813420<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><a
href="mailto:[e-mail]"><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>[e-mail]</a></span></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal align=left style='text-align:left;mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
layout-grid-mode:char'><span lang=EN-US><a href="mailto:[e-mail]"><span
style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></a></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:294.0pt;text-indent:21.0pt;layout-grid-mode:
char'><span lang=EN-US><a href="mailto:[e-mail]"><span
style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><span
style='mso-field-code:" HYPERLINK \0022mailto\:%20%20%20nie_zq\@163\.net\0022 "'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>聂忠强</span></span><o:p></o:p></span></a></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US><a href="mailto:[e-mail]"><span
style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></a></span></p>

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