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📁 红黑数算法及演示源代码
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</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:17.95pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.71;
mso-char-indent-size:10.45pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">下面进入第三种可能性，</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:17.95pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.71;
mso-char-indent-size:10.45pt"><span lang="EN-US">&nbsp;<o:p>
</o:p>
</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:17.95pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.71;
mso-char-indent-size:10.45pt"><span lang="EN-US">else</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:17.95pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.71;
mso-char-indent-size:10.45pt"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; 
</span>y = ap[ak - 1];//</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:
&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">这是第三步与第二要处理的唯一不同，下面的处理是一样的</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:17.95pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.71;
mso-char-indent-size:10.45pt"><span lang="EN-US">//</span><span style="font-family:
宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">也就是当前结点是其父结点的左子结点，就把</span><span lang="EN-US">y</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">设为</span><span lang="EN-US">x</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:
&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">的父结点，这一点在第二</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp; 
</span>//</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">情况下已经经过左旋实现了</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:17.95pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.71;
mso-char-indent-size:10.45pt"><span lang="EN-US">&nbsp;<o:p>
</o:p>
</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:17.95pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.71;
mso-char-indent-size:10.45pt"><span lang="EN-US">&nbsp;<o:p>
</o:p>
</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:17.95pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.71;
mso-char-indent-size:10.45pt"><span lang="EN-US">//</span><span style="font-family:
宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">下面的这一段与第一种情况十分相似，也是把父结点的颜色变成黑色，爷爷结点的颜</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:17.95pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.71;
mso-char-indent-size:10.45pt"><span lang="EN-US">//</span><span style="font-family:
宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">色变为红色，这与红色结点的子结点都为黑色想符，但破坏了一棵树的根结点到任一</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:17.95pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.71;
mso-char-indent-size:10.45pt"><span lang="EN-US">//</span><span style="font-family:
宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">外部结点的所经过的黑色结点的数目必须相同的规定，所以下面就进行调整</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:17.95pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.71;
mso-char-indent-size:10.45pt"><span lang="EN-US">x = ap[ak - 2];</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:17.95pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.71;
mso-char-indent-size:10.45pt"><span lang="EN-US">x-&gt;color = RB_RED;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:17.95pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.71;
mso-char-indent-size:10.45pt"><span lang="EN-US">y-&gt;color = RB_BLACK;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:17.95pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.71;
mso-char-indent-size:10.45pt"><span lang="EN-US">//</span><span style="font-family:
宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">这就是对这个子树进行右旋，实现黑色路径的平衡</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:17.95pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.71;
mso-char-indent-size:10.45pt"><span lang="EN-US">x-&gt;link[0] = y-&gt;link[1];</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:17.95pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.71;
mso-char-indent-size:10.45pt"><span lang="EN-US">y-&gt;link[1] = x;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:17.95pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.71;
mso-char-indent-size:10.45pt"><span lang="EN-US">ap[ak - 3]-&gt;link[ad[ak - 3]] 
= y;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:17.95pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.71;
mso-char-indent-size:10.45pt"><span lang="EN-US">&nbsp;<o:p>
</o:p>
</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:17.95pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.71;
mso-char-indent-size:10.45pt"><span lang="EN-US">//</span><span style="font-family:
宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">因为至此，所有的红黑树的要求都已经满足，就此结束，从这里看红黑树的一次插入</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:17.95pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.71;
mso-char-indent-size:10.45pt"><span lang="EN-US">//</span><span style="font-family:
宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">只用一次旋转，比</span><span lang="EN-US">AVL</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;
mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">树要少，这也就是</span><span lang="EN-US">linux</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:
&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">中用它来取代</span><span lang="EN-US">AVL</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:
&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">树的原因之一，下</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:17.95pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.71;
mso-char-indent-size:10.45pt"><span lang="EN-US">//</span><span style="font-family:
宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">而说的删除同样有这个优点</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:17.95pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.71;
mso-char-indent-size:10.45pt"><span lang="EN-US">break;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:17.95pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.71;
mso-char-indent-size:10.45pt"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:
yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>}</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:17.95pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.71;
mso-char-indent-size:10.45pt"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:
yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>}</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:17.95pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.71;
mso-char-indent-size:10.45pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">示意图如下</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:17.95pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.71;
mso-char-indent-size:10.45pt"><span lang="EN-US"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
 id="_x0000_i1028" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:415.5pt;height:285pt'>
 <v:imagedata src="file:///E:/DOCUME~1/ADMINI~1.000/LOCALS~1/Temp/msoclip1/01/clip_image007.png"
  o:title="addcase3"/>
</v:shape><![endif]-->
<img src="红黑4.jpg" v:shapes="_x0000_i1028" width="554" height="380"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:17.95pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.71;
mso-char-indent-size:10.45pt"><span lang="EN-US">&nbsp;<o:p>
</o:p>
</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:17.95pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.71;
mso-char-indent-size:10.45pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">至于另三种情况的代码列举如下，你可以发现这里面只是把前面的</span><span lang="EN-US">link[0]</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">与</span><span lang="EN-US">link[1]</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;">的位置互换了一下，也就是从上面的示意图来说就是进行了一个对称变换</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:17.95pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.71;
mso-char-indent-size:10.45pt"><span lang="EN-US">else {</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:17.95pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.71;
mso-char-indent-size:10.45pt"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:
yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>y = ap[ak - 2]-&gt;link[0];</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:17.95pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.71;
mso-char-indent-size:10.45pt"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:
yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>if (y != NULL &amp;&amp; y-&gt;color 
== RB_RED) {</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:17.95pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.71;
mso-char-indent-size:10.45pt"><span lang="EN-US">ap[--ak]-&gt;color = 
y-&gt;color = RB_BLACK;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:17.95pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.71;
mso-char-indent-size:10.45pt"><span lang="EN-US">ap[--ak]-&gt;color = RB_RED;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:17.95pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.71;
mso-char-indent-size:10.45pt"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:
yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>}</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:17.95pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.71;
mso-char-indent-size:10.45pt"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:
yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>else {</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:17.95pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.71;
mso-char-indent-size:10.45pt"><span lang="EN-US">if (ad[ak - 1] == 0) {</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:17.95pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.71;
mso-char-indent-size:10.45pt"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; 
</span>x = ap[ak - 1];</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:17.95pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.71;
mso-char-indent-size:10.45pt"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; 
</span>y = x-&gt;link[0];</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:17.95pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.71;
mso-char-indent-size:10.45pt"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; 
</span>x-&gt;link[0] = y-&gt;link[1];</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:17.95pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.71;
mso-char-indent-size:10.45pt"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; 
</span>y-&gt;link[1] = x;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:17.95pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.71;
mso-char-indent-size:10.45pt"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; 
</span>ap[ak - 2]-&gt;link[1] = y;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:17.95pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.71;
mso-char-indent-size:10.45pt"><span lang="EN-US">}</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:17.95pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.71;
mso-char-indent-size:10.45pt"><span lang="EN-US">else</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:17.95pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.71;
mso-char-indent-size:10.45pt"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; 
</span>y = ap[ak - 1];</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:17.95pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.71;
mso-char-indent-size:10.45pt"><span lang="EN-US">&nbsp;<o:p>
</o:p>
</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:17.95pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.71;
mso-char-indent-size:10.45pt"><span lang="EN-US">x = ap[ak - 2];</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:17.95pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.71;
mso-char-indent-size:10.45pt"><span lang="EN-US">x-&gt;color = RB_RED;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:17.95pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.71;
mso-char-indent-size:10.45pt"><span lang="EN-US">y-&gt;color = RB_BLACK;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:17.95pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.71;
mso-char-indent-size:10.45pt"><span lang="EN-US">&nbsp;<o:p>
</o:p>
</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:17.95pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.71;
mso-char-indent-size:10.45pt"><span lang="EN-US">x-&gt;link[1] = y-&gt;link[0];</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:17.95pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.71;
mso-char-indent-size:10.45pt"><span lang="EN-US">y-&gt;link[0] = x;</span></p>
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