interfaces.py

SQLAlchemy. 经典的Python ORM框架。学习必看。

# interfaces.py
# Copyright (C) 2007 Jason Kirtland [e-mail]
#
# This module is part of SQLAlchemy and is released under
# the MIT License: http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php

"""Interfaces and abstract types."""


class PoolListener(object):
    """Hooks into the lifecycle of connections in a ``Pool``.

    All of the standard connection [sqlalchemy.pool#Pool] types can
    accept event listeners for key connection lifecycle events:
    creation, pool check-out and check-in.  There are no events fired
    when a connection closes.

    For any given DB-API connection, there will be one ``connect``
    event, `n` number of ``checkout`` events, and either `n` or `n - 1`
    ``checkin`` events.  (If a ``Connection`` is detached from its
    pool via the ``detach()`` method, it won't be checked back in.)

    These are low-level events for low-level objects: raw Python
    DB-API connections, without the conveniences of the SQLAlchemy
    ``Connection`` wrapper, ``Dialect`` services or ``ClauseElement``
    execution.  If you execute SQL through the connection, explicitly
    closing all cursors and other resources is recommended.

    Events also receive a ``_ConnectionRecord``, a long-lived internal
    ``Pool`` object that basically represents a "slot" in the
    connection pool.  ``_ConnectionRecord`` objects have one public
    attribute of note: ``info``, a dictionary whose contents are
    scoped to the lifetime of the DB-API connection managed by the
    record.  You can use this shared storage area however you like.

    There is no need to subclass ``PoolListener`` to handle events.
    Any class that implements one or more of these methods can be used
    as a pool listener.  The ``Pool`` will inspect the methods
    provided by a listener object and add the listener to one or more
    internal event queues based on its capabilities.  In terms of
    efficiency and function call overhead, you're much better off only
    providing implementations for the hooks you'll be using.
    """

    def connect(self, dbapi_con, con_record):
        """Called once for each new DB-API connection or Pool's ``creator()``.

        dbapi_con
          A newly connected raw DB-API connection (not a SQLAlchemy
          ``Connection`` wrapper).

        con_record
          The ``_ConnectionRecord`` that persistently manages the connection

        """

    def checkout(self, dbapi_con, con_record, con_proxy):
        """Called when a connection is retrieved from the Pool.

        dbapi_con
          A raw DB-API connection

        con_record
          The ``_ConnectionRecord`` that persistently manages the connection

        con_proxy
          The ``_ConnectionFairy`` which manages the connection for the span of
          the current checkout.

        If you raise an ``exceptions.DisconnectionError``, the current
        connection will be disposed and a fresh connection retrieved.
        Processing of all checkout listeners will abort and restart
        using the new connection.
        """

    def checkin(self, dbapi_con, con_record):
        """Called when a connection returns to the pool.

        Note that the connection may be closed, and may be None if the
        connection has been invalidated.  ``checkin`` will not be called
        for detached connections.  (They do not return to the pool.)

        dbapi_con
          A raw DB-API connection

        con_record
          The ``_ConnectionRecord`` that persistently manages the connection

        """