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<TD class=contentTitle align=middle>JavaMail的使用之邮件发送
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<TD align=middle>2005-09-16 来源:JAVA资源网
作者:郝从平</TD></TR>
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<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71; mso-char-indent-size: 10.45pt"><FONT
size=3><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">近日心情不爽，项目做烦了，就不想做项目了，停了下来，想做些</SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US><FONT
face="Times New Roman">JavaMail</FONT></SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的开发。</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoBodyTextIndent style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT
size=3>上网看了些教程，发现网上的文章虽然很多，但大都有些问题，包括：有些文章写得很全，但感觉太纷繁复杂，没有个提纲，感觉很乱。有些文章没有把问题写全，对于很多情况，程序能运行，但邮件就是发不了。</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71; mso-char-indent-size: 10.45pt"><FONT
size=3><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">对于</SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US><FONT
face="Times New Roman">JavaMail</FONT></SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，最基础的功能就是邮件的发送和接收，在这里，我先讲一讲邮件的发送。</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71; mso-char-indent-size: 10.45pt"><FONT
size=3><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">在写具体的程序前，先讲一些概念。</SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">1.</FONT></SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">邮件的发送：如果你的邮件地址是</SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US><FONT
face="Times New Roman">a@host.com</FONT></SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，而你要用这个邮箱发送一封邮件到</SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US><FONT
face="Times New Roman">to@tohost.com</FONT></SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，这个发送过程是怎样的呢，你以为是先连接到</SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US><FONT
face="Times New Roman">tohost.com</FONT></SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">这服务器上，然后把邮件发送出去吗？其实不然。最初，你需要连接到服务器</SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US><FONT
face="Times New Roman">host.com</FONT></SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">上，当然这个连接可能需要认证，然后是发送邮件到服务器</SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US><FONT
face="Times New Roman">host.com</FONT></SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">上，关闭连接。在</SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US><FONT
face="Times New Roman">host.com</FONT></SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">上，你所发送的邮件进入发送队列中，轮到你要发送的邮件时，</SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US><FONT
face="Times New Roman">host.com</FONT></SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">主机再联系</SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US><FONT
face="Times New Roman">tohost.com</FONT></SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，将邮件传输到服务器</SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US><FONT
face="Times New Roman">tohost.com</FONT></SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">上。</SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">2.</FONT></SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">一些垃圾邮件的发送：在垃圾邮件中，可能大部分的发件人的地址都是假的，这是怎么回事呢？实际上在发送这些垃圾邮件的时候，这里的</SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US><FONT
face="Times New Roman">host.com</FONT></SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">有些特别，可能</SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US><FONT
face="Times New Roman">host.com</FONT></SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">不需要对用户进行认证，也可能发送垃圾邮件的人本来就控制着服务器</SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US><FONT
face="Times New Roman">host.com</FONT></SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，然后控制着</SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US><FONT
face="Times New Roman">host.com</FONT></SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">向其他服务器，如</SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US><FONT
face="Times New Roman">tohost.com</FONT></SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，发送邮件，而发送邮件的内容可以被控制，发件人的地址就可以随便填写。</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71; mso-char-indent-size: 10.45pt"><FONT
size=3><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">发送邮件主要包括</SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT></SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">个部分：创建连接，创建邮件体，发送邮件</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71; mso-char-indent-size: 10.45pt"><FONT
size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT
face="Times New Roman">JavaMail</FONT></SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">中，是使用会话</SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US><FONT
face="Times New Roman">(Session)</FONT></SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">来管理连接的。创建一个连接，就需要创建一个会话。在会话中，有两个重要的因素，一是会话的属性，二是会话的认证。在我们使用</SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US><FONT
face="Times New Roman">Hotmail</FONT></SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">等邮件工具的时候，就要设置</SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US><FONT
face="Times New Roman">”SMTP</FONT></SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">服务器身份验证</SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">”</FONT></SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，也就是这里的会话的认证。</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71; mso-char-indent-size: 10.45pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US><FONT size=3><FONT
face="Times New Roman"> <o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71; mso-char-indent-size: 10.45pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US><FONT size=3><FONT
face="Times New Roman"> <o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71; mso-char-indent-size: 10.45pt"><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT
size=3>首先，创建一个连接属性。</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71; mso-char-indent-size: 10.45pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3>Properties
props = new Properties();</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71; mso-char-indent-size: 10.45pt"><FONT
size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT
face="Times New Roman">props.put("mail.smtp.host","smtp.126.com");<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>//</FONT></SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">设置</SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US><FONT
face="Times New Roman">smtp</FONT></SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的服务器地址是</SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US><FONT
face="Times New Roman">smtp.126.com</FONT></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71; mso-char-indent-size: 10.45pt"><FONT
size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT
face="Times New Roman">props.put("mail.smtp.auth","true");<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes">
</SPAN>//</FONT></SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">设置</SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US><FONT
face="Times New Roman">smtp</FONT></SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">服务器要身份验证。</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71; mso-char-indent-size: 10.45pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US><FONT size=3><FONT
face="Times New Roman"> <o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P>
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