readme

Linux系统上的一款屏幕软键盘

                           Matchbox-Keyboard README
                           ========================

Introduction
===

Matchbox-keyboard is an on screen 'virtual' or 'software' keyboard. It
will hopefully work well on various touchscreen devices from mobile
phones to tablet PCs running X Windows.

It aims to 'just work' supporting localised, easy to write XML layout
configuration files.

Its made available under the GPL.


Rational
===

I wrote 'xkbd' a few years back which tried to do the same thing. It
was the first xlib app I wrote and the first bit of C Id coded in
quite a few years. It was a mess but basically worked, though with
a few problems.

matchbox-keyboard is my much promised rewrite. The code is cleaner 
and it hopefully addresses much of the previous short comings of xkbd.


Building
===

Do the usual autotool jig of ./configure, make, make install. ( If
building from SVN you'll need to run ./autogen.sh before this).

matchbox-keyboard needs xlibs, xft, libfakekey and expat to build -
The configure script will detect these. Also optionally there is
experimental cairo support for rendering the keys and example
embeddeding code.


Running
===

Do;

  matchbox-keyboard [Options..] [optional variant name]

and start typing. The config file will be selected based on locale
setting and supplied variant name. The onlu current option is -xid,
used for embedding ( see below ).

The following Environmental Variables are also used, if set;

 * MB_KBD_CONFIG
 
   Set to full path of a alternate layout file to use overriding any other
   selection mechanisms.

 * MB_KBD_VARIANT

   Same as the first argument to binary. If both set argument overrides.

 * LANG, MB_KBD_LANG 

   The value up to the first '.' ( i.e en_GB ) is used to build up 
   the config file name based on locale. MB_KBD_LANG can be used to
   override the systems LANG var ( E.g, for the case of a Dutch person
   wanting a Dutch keyboard but an English locale - or the other way 
   round ).

Embedding
===

You can embed matchbox-keyboard into other applications with toolkits
that support the XEMBED protocol ( GTK2 for example ). 

See examples/matchbox-keyboard-gtk-embed.c for how its done. 

Making your own keyboard layouts
===

Keyboard layout files are UTF8 XML files ( Make sure they are saved
with this encoding! ). They are loaded from the directory
$PREFIX/share/matchbox-keyboard and are named in the format
keyboard[-locale][-variant].xml. This can be overridden by setting
MB_KBD_CONFIG environment variable to a valid config file path or by
creating $HOME/.matchbox/keyboard.xml.

The basic layout of the file looks like;

    <keyboard>

    <options>
    </options>

    <layout>
      <row>
        <key ...>
	  <default .. >
	  <shifted .. >
	  <mod1 .. >
          ....
	<key>
        .... more keys ...
	<space width="1000" />
      </row>
      <row>
      ...
      </row>
    </layout>

    </keyboard>

A number of layouts can be defined ( though currently only 1 is
supported ) each with any number of rows of keys, defining the
keyboard from top to bottom.

The most important tag to know about is the <key> tag and its
children. A key tag can optionally have the following attributes;

  * obey-caps=true|false ( defaults to false if not declared )

  Specifies if the key obeys the Caps Lock key - Its shifted state
  is shown when the Caps key is held.

  * width=1000th's of a 'base' key width.

  Override the automatically calculated key width in 1000th's of 
  a base key width ( The average width of a key with a single glyph ).

  * fill=true|false ( defaults to false )

  If set, the keys width is set to fill all available free space. 

  * extended=true|false ( defaults to false )

  Keys set with this extended attribute set to true will *only*
  be shown if the display is landscape, rather than portrait.
  The rational for this is to better adapt to screen rotations.
  ( Note: the <space> tag can also use this. )
  

The <key> then has sub tags specifies the appearance and action for
the five possible key states; <default>,<shifted>,<mod1>,<mod2>,<mod3>.

There are two possible attributes for each of these state tags;

  * display=UTF8 String

  Sets what is displayed on the key face for the particular case.
  If this is not set the key will be blank.

  * action=action string.

  The specifies the action of the key. For most (all?) single glyph keys
  the action is deduced automatically. For 'special' function keys, it
  can be set to any of the following. 

    backspace, tab, linefeed, clear, return, pause, scrolllock,
    sysreq, escape, delete, home, left, up, right, down, prior,
    pageup, next, pagedown, end, begin, space, f1, f2, f3, f4, f5, f6,
    f7, f8, f9, f10, f11, f12

  By prefixing the value with 'xkeysym:', a a xkeysym can be defined to
  be 'pressed' as the action.
  
  If the key is a 'modifier' key, the action value is prefixed with 
  'modifier:' and then one of the following;

  Shift, Alt, Ctrl, mod1, mod2, mod3, Caps


Rows can also contain a <space> tags which denote blank space. They
simply take a width attribute specifying the base in 1000th's of a base
key width.

See the various keyboard.xml files included in the distribution for
example setups.


Misc Notes
===

 * matchbox-keyboard attempts to detect the window manager and set up its
   window 'hints' based on that. This is experimental, YMMV.

   matchbox-keyboard never wants to get keyboard focus itself, if the
   window manager gives it focus ( matchbox-keyboard requests the 
   w-m doesn't ), it wont work. 

 * It shouldn't't be too hard to make the keyboard use GTK or another toolkit
   ( possibly even Non X11 ) just by hacking matchbox-keyboard-ui.c . 
   ( If you do either of these, please send patches ). 


Todo
===

 * Fix layout engine on small on displays.

 * Images on keys

 Only text on key faces is currently supported. Probably do this via XRender
 and libPNG ( or just cairo for cairo backend ).

 * Themeing.

 Needs thought... 



Matthew Allum 2005.
<[e-mail]>