onews

windows版本的emacs

** Changes to Version Control (VC)

*** General changes (all backends).

VC directory listings (C-x v d) are now kept up to date when you do a
vc-next-action (C-x v v) on the marked files.  The `g' command updates
the buffer properly.  `=' in a VC dired buffer produces a version
control diff, not an ordinary diff.

*** CVS changes.

Under CVS, you no longer need to type C-x C-q before you can edit a
file.  VC doesn't write-protect unmodified buffers anymore; you can
freely change them at any time.  The mode line keeps track of the
file status.

If you do want unmodified files to be write-protected, set your
CVSREAD environment variable.  VC sees this and behaves accordingly;
that will give you the behaviour of Emacs 19.29, similar to that under
RCS and SCCS.  In this mode, if the variable vc-mistrust-permissions
is nil, VC learns the modification state from the file permissions.
When setting CVSREAD for the first time, you should check out the
whole module anew, so that the file permissions are set correctly.

VC also works with remote repositories now.  When you visit a file, it
doesn't run "cvs status" anymore, so there shouldn't be any long delays.

Directory listings under VC/CVS have been enhanced.  Type C-x v d, and
you get a list of all files in or below the current directory that are
not up-to-date.  The actual status (modified, merge, conflict, ...) is
displayed for each file.  If you give a prefix argument (C-u C-x v d),
up-to-date files are also listed.  You can mark any number of files,
and execute the next logical version control command on them (C-x v v).

*** Starting a new branch.

If you try to lock a version that is not the latest on its branch, 
VC asks for confirmation in the minibuffer.  If you say no, it offers
to lock the latest version instead.

*** RCS non-strict locking.

VC can now handle RCS non-strict locking, too.  In this mode, working
files are always writable and you needn't lock the file before making
changes, similar to the default mode under CVS.  To enable non-strict
locking for a file, use the "rcs -U" command.

*** Sharing RCS master files.

If you share RCS subdirs with other users (through symbolic links),
and you always want to work on the latest version, set
vc-consult-headers to nil and vc-mistrust-permissions to `t'.
Then you see the state of the *latest* version on the mode line, not
that of your working file.  When you do a check out, VC overwrites
your working file with the latest version from the master.

*** RCS customization.

There is a new variable vc-consult-headers.  If it is t (the default),
VC searches for RCS headers in working files (like `$Id: ONEWS,v 1.5 2001/01/31 15:19:32 gerd Exp $') and
determines the state of the file from them, not from the master file.
This is fast and more reliable when you use branches.  (The variable
was already present in Emacs 19.29, but didn't get mentioned in the
NEWS.)

** Calendar changes.

*** New calendars supported: Chinese, Coptic, Ethiopic

Here are the commands for converting to and from these calendars:

   gC: calendar-goto-chinese-date
   gk: calendar-goto-coptic-date
   ge: calendar-goto-ethiopic-date

   pC: calendar-print-chinese-date
   pk: calendar-print-coptic-date
   pe: calendar-print-ethiopic-date

*** Printed calendars

Calendar mode now has commands to produce fancy printed calendars via
LaTeX.  You can ask for a calendar for one or more days, weeks, months
or years.  The commands all start with `t'; see the manual for a list
of them.

*** New sexp diary entry type

Reminders that apply in the days leading up to an event. 

** The CC-mode package now provides the default C and C++ modes.
See the manual for documentation of its features.

** The uniquify package chooses buffer names differently when you
visit multiple files with the same name (in different directories).

** RMAIL now always uses the movemail program when it renames an
inbox file, so that it can interlock properly with the mailer
no matter where it is delivering mail.

** tex-start-of-header and tex-end-of-header are now regular expressions,
not strings.

** To enable automatic uncompression of compressed files,
type M-x auto-compression-mode.  (This command used to be called
toggle-auto-compression, but was not documented before.)  In Lisp,
you can do

   (auto-compression-mode 1)

to turn the mode on.

** The new pc-select package emulates the key bindings for cutting and
pasting, and selection of regions, found in Windows, Motif, and the
Macintosh.

** Help buffers now use a special major mode, Help mode.  This mode
normally turns on View mode; it also provides a hook, help-mode-hook,
which you can use for other customization.

** Apropos now uses faces for enhanced legibility.  It now describes
symbol properties as well as their function definitions and variable
values.  You can use Mouse-2 or RET to get more information about a
function definition, variable, or property.

** Font Lock mode

*** Supports Scheme, TCL and Help modes

For example, to automatically turn on Font Lock mode in the *Help*
buffer, put:

 (add-hook 'help-mode-hook 'turn-on-font-lock)

in your ~/.emacs.

*** Enhanced fontification

The structure of font-lock-keywords is extended to allow "anchored" keywords.
Typically, a keyword item of font-lock-keywords comprises a regexp to search
for and information to specify how the regexp should be highlighted.  However,
the highlighting information is extended so that it can be another keyword
item.  This keyword item, its regexp and highlighting information, is processed
before resuming with the keyword item of which it is part.

For example, a typical keyword item might be:

 ("\\<anchor\\>" (0 anchor-face))

which fontifies each occurrence of the discrete word "anchor" in the value of
the variable anchor-face.  However, the highlighting information can be used to
fontify text that is anchored to the word "anchor".  For example:

 ("\\<anchor\\>" (0 anchor-face) ("\\=[ ,]*\\(item\\)" nil nil (1 item-face)))

which fontifies each occurrence of "anchor" as above, but for each occurrence
of "anchor", each occurrence of "item", in any following comma separated list,
is fontified in the value of the variable item-face.  Thus the "item" text is
anchored to the "anchor" text.  See the variable documentation for further
information.

This feature is used to extend the level and quality of fontification in a
number of modes.  For example, C/C++ modes now have level 3 decoration that
includes the fontification of variable and function names in declaration lists.
In this instance, the "anchor" described in the above example is a type or
class name, and an "item" is a variable or function name.

*** Fontification levels

The variables font-lock-maximum-decoration and font-lock-maximum-size are
extended to specify levels and sizes for specific modes.  The variable
font-lock-maximum-decoration specifies the preferred level of fontification for
modes that provide multiple levels (typically from "subdued" to "gaudy").  The
variable font-lock-maximum-size specifies the buffer size for which buffer
fontification is suppressed when Font Lock mode is turned on (typically because
it would take too long).

These variables can now specify values for individual modes, by supplying
lists of mode names and values.  For example, to use the above mentioned level
3 decoration for buffers in C/C++ modes, and default decoration otherwise, put:

 (setq font-lock-maximum-decoration '((c-mode . 3) (c++-mode . 3)))

in your ~/.emacs.  Maximum buffer size values for individual modes are
specified in the same way with the variable font-lock-maximum-size.

*** Font Lock configuration

The mechanism to provide default settings for Font Lock mode are the variables
font-lock-defaults and font-lock-maximum-decoration.  Typically, you should
only need to change the value of font-lock-maximum-decoration.  However, to
support Font Lock mode for buffers in modes that currently do not support Font
Lock mode, you should set a buffer local value of font-lock-defaults for that
mode, typically via its mode hook.

These variables are used by Font Lock mode to set the values of the variables
font-lock-keywords, font-lock-keywords-only, font-lock-syntax-table,
font-lock-beginning-of-syntax-function and font-lock-keywords-case-fold-search.

You need not set these variables directly, and should not set them yourself
since the underlining mechanism may change in future.

** Archive mode is now the default mode for various sorts of
archive files (files whose names end with .arc, .lzh, .zip, and .zoo).

** You can automatically update the years in copyright notice by
means of (add-hook 'write-file-hooks 'copyright-update).
Optionally it can update the GPL version as well.

** Scripts of various languages (Shell, AWK, Perl, makefiles ...) can
be automatically provided with a magic number and be made executable
by their respective modes under control of various user variables.
The mode must call (executable-set-magic "perl") or
(executable-set-magic "make" "-f").  The latter for example has no
effect on [Mm]akefile.

** Shell script mode now supports over 15 different shells.  The new
command C-c ! executes the region, and optionally beginning of script
as well, by passing them to the shell.

Cases such as `sh' being a `bash' are now accounted for.
Fontification now also does variables, the magic number and all
builtin commands.  Shell script mode no longer mingles `tab-width' and
indentation style.  The variable `sh-tab-width' has been renamed to
`sh-indentation'.  Empty lines are now indented like previous
non-empty line, rather than just previous line.

The annoying $ variable prompting has been eliminated.  Instead, shell
script mode uses `comint-dynamic-completion' for commands, variables
and filenames.

** Two-column mode now automatically scrolls both buffers together,
which makes it possible to eliminate the special scrolling commands
that used to do so.

The commands that operate in two-column mode are no longer bound to
keys outside that mode.  f2 o will now position at the same point in
associated buffer.

the new command f2 RET inserts a newline in both buffers, at point and
at the corresponding position in the associated buffer.

** Skeleton commands now work smoothly as abbrev definitions.  The
element < no longer exists, ' is a new element.

** The autoinsert insert facility for prefilling empty files as soon
as they are found has been extended to accommodate skeletons or calling
functions.  See the function auto-insert.

** TPU-edt Changes

Loading tpu-edt no longer turns on tpu-edt mode.  In fact, it is no
longer necessary to explicitly load tpu-edt.  All you need to do to
turn on tpu-edt is run the tpu-edt function.  Here's how to run
tpu-edt instead of loading the file:
  
  Running Emacs:   Type      emacs -f tpu-edt
                    not      emacs -l tpu-edt

  Within Emacs:    Type      M-x tpu-edt <ret>
                    not      M-x load-library <ret> tpu-edt <ret>
  
  In .emacs:       Use       (tpu-edt)
                   not       (load "tpu-edt")
  
The default name of the tpu-edt X key definition file has changed from
~/.tpu-gnu-keys to ~/.tpu-keys.  If you don't rename the file yourself,
tpu-edt will offer to rename it the first time you invoke it under
x-windows.

** MS-DOS Enhancements:

*** Better mouse control by adding the following functions [in dosfns.c]
msdos-mouse-enable, msdos-mouse-disable, msdos-mouse-init.

*** If another foreground/background color than the default is setup in
your ~/_emacs, then the screen briefly flickers with the default
colors before changing to the colors you have specified.  To avoid
this, the EMACSCOLORS environment variable exists.  It shall be
defined as a string with the following elements:
  
    set EMACSCOLORS=fb;fb
  
The first set of "fb" defines the initial foreground and background
colors using standard dos color numbers (0=black,.., 7=white).
If specified, the second set of "fb" defines the colors which are
restored when you leave emacs.
  
*** The new SUSPEND environment variable can now be set as the shell to
use when suspending emacs.  This can be used to override the stupid
limitation on the environment of sub-shells in MS-DOS (they are just
large enough to hold the currently defined variables, not leaving
room for more); to overcome this limitation, add this to autoexec.bat:
  
    set SUSPEND=%COMSPEC% /E:2000

** The escape character can now be displayed on X frames.  Try
this:
    (aset standard-display-table 27 (vector 27))
after first creating a display table (you can do that by loading
the disp-table library).

** The new command-line option --eval specifies an expression to evaluate
from the command line.

** etags has now the ability to tag Perl files.  They are recognised
either by the .pm and .pl suffixes or by a first line which starts
with `#!' and specifies a Perl interpreter.  The tagged lines are
those beginning with the `sub' keyword.

New suffixes recognised are .hpp for C++; .f90 for Fortran; .bib,
.ltx, .TeX for TeX (.bbl, .dtx removed); .ml for Lisp; .prolog for
prolog (.pl is now Perl).

** The files etc/termcap.dat and etc/termcap.ucb have been replaced
with a new, merged, and much more comprehensive termcap file.  The
new file should include all the special entries from the old one.
This new file is under active development as part of the ncurses
project.  If you have any questions about this file, or problems with
an entry in it, email [e-mail].

* Lisp changes in Emacs 19.30.

** New Data Types