edt-user.doc

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     turning it on or off, as the case may be, then try again.  If this doesn't
     solve your problem, you may have to modify the X keysym mappings with
     xmodmap.

     On one distribution on an Intel PC, the following .xmodmaprc set things up
     nicely.  

         ! File:  .xmodmaprc
         !
         ! Set up PC keypad under GNU/Linux for the GNU Emacs EDT Emulation 
         !
	 clear  mod2
	 keycode  77 = F12
	 keycode  96 = Num_Lock Pointer_EnableKeys
	 add mod2 = Num_Lock

     In this example, after feeding the file to the xmodmap command, the PC
     NumLock keypad key will be configurable for the emulation of the PF1 key.
     The PC keypad can now emulate an LK-201 keypad (less the comma key), the
     standard keyboard supplied with DEC terminals VT-200 and above.  This
     .xmodmaprc file switches the role of the F12 and NumLock keys.  It has
     been tested on RedHat GNU/Linux 5.2.  Other versions of GNU/Linux may
     require different keycodes.  (See the "General Notes on Using NumLock for
     the PF1 Key on a Unix System" section below for further help on how to do
     this.)

     NOTE: Remember, it may be necessary to have NumLock in one position (ON)
     or the other (OFF) for the PC keypad to emulate the LK-201 keypad
     properly.

  General Notes on Using NumLock for the PF1 Key on a Unix System:

     Making the physical NumLock key available for use in the EDT
     Emulation requires some modification to the default X Window
     settings.  Since the keycode assignments vary from system to
     system, some investigation is needed to see how to do this on
     a particular system.

     You will need to look at the output generated by xmodmap invoked with the
     "-pm" switch.  examined.  For example, on RedHat GNU/Linux 5.2 on a PC, we
     get the following output when running xmodmap.

     "xmodmap -pm"  yields:

          xmodmap:  up to 2 keys per modifier, (keycodes in parentheses):

          shift       Shift_L (0x32),  Shift_R (0x3e)
          lock        Caps_Lock (0x42)
          control     Control_L (0x25),  Control_R (0x6d)
          mod1        Alt_L (0x40),  Alt_R (0x71)
          mod2        Num_Lock (0x4d)
          mod3
          mod4
          mod5        Scroll_Lock (0x4e)


     Note that Num_Lock is assigned to the modifier mod2.  This is
     what hides Num_Lock from being seen by Emacs.

     Now, "xmodmap -pke" yields:

             .
             .
             .
          keycode  77 = Num_Lock Pointer_EnableKeys
             .
             .
             .
          keycode  96 = F12
             .
             .
             .

     So, in RedHat GNU/Linux 5.2 on a PC, Num_Lock generates keycode
     77.  The following steps are taken:

         1.  clear the assignment of Num_Lock to mod2;
         2.  swap the keycodes assigned to F12 and Num_Lock;
         3.  assign Num_Lock back to mod2.

     The .xmodmaprc file looks like this:

         ! File:  .xmodmaprc
         !
         ! Set up PC keypad under GNU/Linux for the GNU Emacs EDT Emulation 
         !
	 clear  mod2
	 keycode  77 = F12
	 keycode  96 = Num_Lock Pointer_EnableKeys
	 add mod2 = Num_Lock

     So, after executing "xmodmap .xmodmaprc", a press of the physical
     F12 key looks like a Num_Lock keypress to X.  Also, a press of the
     physical NumLock key looks like a press of the F12 key to X.

     Now, edt-mapper.el will see "f12" when the physical NumLock key
     is pressed, allowing the NumLock key to be used as the EDT PF1
     (Gold) key. 

V.    HOW DOES THIS EDT EMULATION DIFFER FROM REAL EDT?:

In general, you will find that this emulation of EDT replicates most, but not
all, of EDT's most used Keypad Mode editing functions and behavior.  It is not
perfect, but most EDT users who have tried the emulation agree that it is
quite good enough to make it easy for die-hard EDT users to move over to using
GNU Emacs.  

Here's a list of the most important differences between EDT and this GNU Emacs
EDT Emulation.  The list is short but you must be aware of these differences
if you are to use the EDT Emulation effectively.

1.  Entering repeat counts works a little differently than in EDT.

    EDT allows users to enter a repeat count before entering a command that
    accepts repeat counts.  For example, when using the real EDT, pressing
    these three keys in sequence, GOLD 5 KP1, will move the cursor in the
    current direction 5 words.  This does NOT work in Emacs!

    Emacs provides two ways to enter repeat counts and neither involves using
    the GOLD key.  First, repeat counts can be entered in Emacs by using the
    ESC key.  For example, pressing these keys in sequence, ESC 1 0 KP1, will
    move the cursor in the current direction 10 words.  Second, Emacs provides
    another command called universal-argument that can be used to do the same
    thing.  Normally, in Emacs has this bound to C-u.

2.  EDT's line mode commands and nokeypad mode commands are NOT supported
    (with one important exception; see item 8 in the Highlights section
    below).  Although, at first, this may seem like a big omission, the set of
    built-in Emacs commands provides a much richer set of capabilities which
    more than make up for this omission.

    To enter Emacs commands not bound to keys, you can press GOLD KP7 or the DO
    key.  Emacs will display its own command prompt "M-x".  This stands for the
    keypress Meta-x, where Meta is a special shift key.  The Alt key is often
    mapped to behave as a Meta key.  So, you can also invoke this prompt by
    pressing Meta-x.  Typing the sequence "ESC x" will also invoke the prompt.

3.  Selected text is highlighted ONLY on systems where Emacs supports the
    highlighting of text.

4.  Just like in TPU/EVE, the ENTER key is NOT used to terminate input when the
    editor prompts you for input.  The RETURN key is used, instead.  (KP4 and
    KP5 (the direction keys) do terminate input for the FIND command, just like
    in EDT, however.)




VI.   SOME HIGHLIGHTS IN THIS EDT EMULATION, AND SOME COMPARISONS TO THE
      ORIGINAL GNU EMACS EDT EMULATION:

1.  The EDT define key command is supported (edt-define-key) and is bound to
    C-k in the default EDT mode when EDT control sequence bindings are enabled
    or one of the sample edt-user.el customization files is used.  The TPU/EVE
    learn command is supported but not bound to a key in the default EDT mode
    but is bound in the sample edt-user.el file.

    Unlike the TPU/EVE learn command, which uses one key to begin the learn
    sequence, C-l, and another command to remember the sequence, C-r, this
    version of the learn command (edt-learn) serves as a toggle to both begin
    and to remember the learn sequence.

    Many users who change the meaning of a key with the define key and the
    learn commands, would like to be able to restore the original key binding
    without having to quit and restart emacs.  So a restore key command is
    provided to do just that.  When invoked, it prompts you to press the key
    to which you wish the last replaced key definition restored.  It is bound
    to GOLD C-k in the default EDT mode when EDT control sequence bindings are
    enabled or one of the sample edt-user.el customization files is used.

2.  Direction support is fully supported.  

3.  All original Emacs bindings are fully restored when EDT emulation is turned
    off.  So, if a fellow worker comes over to your terminal to help you with a
    software problem, for example, and is completely confused by your EDT
    emulation bindings, just enter the command, edt-emulation-off, at the M-x
    prompt and the original Emacs bindings will be restored.  To resume the EDT
    emulation, just enter edt-emulation-on.

4.  User custom EDT bindings are kept separate from the default EDT bindings.
    One can toggle back and forth between the custom EDT bindings and default
    EDT bindings.

5.  The Emacs functions in edt.el attempt to emulate, where practical, the
    exact behavior of the corresponding EDT keypad mode commands.  In a few
    cases, the emulation is not exact, but we hope you will agree it is close
    enough.  In a very few cases, we chose to use the Emacs way of handling
    things.  As mentioned earlier, we do not emulate the EDT SUBS command.
    Instead, we chose to use the Emacs query-replace function, which we find
    to be easier to use.

6.  Emacs uses the regexp assigned to page-delimiter to determine what marks a
    page break.  This is normally "^\f", which causes the edt-page command to
    ignore form feeds not located at the beginning of a line.  To emulate the
    EDT PAGE command exactly, page-delimiter is set to "\f" when EDT emulation
    is turned on, and restored to "^\f" when EDT emulation is turned off.
    But, since some users prefer the Emacs definition of a page break, or may
    wish to preserve a customized definition of page break, one can override
    the EDT definition by placing

            (setq edt-keep-current-page-delimiter t)

    in your .emacs file.  Or, you can used the Emacs customize command
    to change its setting.

7.  The EDT definition of a section of a terminal window is hardwired to be 16
    lines of its one-and-only 24-line window (the EDT SECT command bound to
    KP8).  That's two-thirds of the window at a time.  Since Emacs, like
    TPU/EVE, can handle multiple windows of sizes of other than 24 lines, the
    definition of section used here has been modified to two-thirds of the
    current window.  (There is also an edt-scroll-window function which you
    may prefer over the SECT emulation.)

8.  Cursor movement and deletion involving word entities is identical to EDT.
    This, above all else, gives the die-hard EDT user a sense of being at
    home.  Also, an emulation of EDT's SET ENTITY WORD command is provided,
    for those users who like to customize movement by a word at a time to
    their own liking.

9.  EDT's FIND and FNDNXT are supported.

10. EDT's APPEND, REPLACE, and SUBS commands are supported.

11. CHNGCASE is supported.  It works on individual characters or selected
    text, if SELECT is active.  In addition, two new commands are provided:
    edt-lowercase and edt-uppercase.  They work on individual WORDS or
    selected text, if SELECT is active.

12. Form feed and tab insert commands are supported.

13. A new command, edt-duplicate-word, is provided.  If you experiment with
    it, you might find it to be surprisingly useful and may wonder how you
    ever got along without it!  It is assigned to C-j in the sample
    edt-user.el customization files.

14. TPU/EVE's Rectangular Cut and Paste functions (originally from the EVE-Plus
    package) are supported.  But unlike the TPU/EVE versions, these here
    support both insert and overwrite modes.  The seven rectangular functions
    are bound to F7, F8, GOLD-F8, F9, GOLD-F9, F10, and GOLD-F10 in the
    default EDT mode.

15. The original EDT emulation package set up many default regular and GOLD
    bindings.  We tried to preserve most (but not all!) of these, so users of
    the original emulation package will feel more at home.  

    Nevertheless, there are still many GOLD key sequences which are not bound
    to any functions.  These are prime candidates to use for your own 
    customizations.  
    
    Also, there are several commands in edt.el not bound to any key.  So, you
    will find it worthwhile to look through edt.el for functions you may wish
    to add to your personal customized bindings.

16. The VT200/VT300 series terminals steal the function keys F1 to F5 for
    their own use.  These do not generate signals which are sent to the host.
    So, edt.el does not assign any default bindings to F1 through F5.

    In addition, our VT220 terminals generate an interrupt when the F6 key is
    pressed (^C or ^Y, can't remember which) and not the character sequence
    documented in the manual.  So, binding emacs commands to F6 will not work
    if your terminal behaves the same way.

17. The VT220 terminal has no ESC, BS, nor LF keys, as does a VT100.  So the
    default EDT bindings adopt the standard DEC convention of having the F11,
    F12, and F13 keys, on a VT200 series (and above) terminal, assigned to the
    same EDT functions that are bound to ESC, BS, and LF on a VT100 terminal.

18. Each user, through the use of a private edt-user.el file, can customize,
    very easily, personal EDT emulation bindings.

19. The EDT SELECT and RESET functions are supported.  However, unlike EDT,
    pressing RESET to cancel text selection does NOT reset the existing
    setting of the current direction.

    We also provide a TPU/EVE like version of the single SELECT/RESET
    function, called edt-toggle-select, which makes the EDT SELECT function
    into a toggle on/off switch.  That is, if selection is ON, pressing SELECT
    again turns selection off (cancels selection).  This function is used in
    the sample edt-user.el customization files.

20. EDT scroll margins are supported, but are disabled by default.  (See
    CUSTOMIZING section below for instructions on how to enable them.)


VII.  CUSTOMIZING:

Most EDT users, at one time or another, make some custom key bindings, or
use someone else's custom key bindings, which they come to depend upon just as
if they were built-in bindings.  This EDT Emulation for GNU Emacs is designed
to make it easy to customize bindings.

If you wish to customize the EDT Emulation to use some of your own key
bindings, you need to make a private version of edt-user.el in your own
private lisp directory.  There are two sample files edt-user.el1 and
edt-user.el2 for you to use as templates and for ideas.  Look at
edt-user.el1 first.  Unless you will be using two or more very different
types of terminals on the same system, you need not look at edt-user.el2.

First, you need to have your own private lisp directory, say ~/lisp, and
you should add it to the GNU Emacs load path.

NOTE:  A few sites have different load-path requirements, so the above
       directions may need some modification if your site has such special
       needs. 


Creating your own edt-user.el file:

A sample edt-user.el file is attached to the end of this user documentation.
You should use it as a guide to learn how you can customize EDT emulation
bindings to your own liking.  Names used to identify the set of LK-201
keypad and function keys are:

Keypad Keys:   
                PF1 PF2 PF3 PF4
                KP7 KP8 KP9 KP-
                KP4 KP5 KP6 KP,
                KP1 KP2 KP3 
                KP0     KPP KPE

Arrow Keys:
                LEFT RIGHT DOWN UP

Function Keys:
                F1 F2 F3 F4 F5  F6 F7 F8 F9 F10  F11 F12 F13 F14
                HELP DO  F17 F18 F19 F20

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