edt-user.doc

windows版本的emacs

File:  edt-user.doc  ---  EDT Emulation User Instructions

                                For GNU Emacs 19

Copyright (C) 1986, 1992, 1994, 1995, 1999, 2000 Free Software Foundation, Inc.

Author: Kevin Gallagher <[e-mail]>
Maintainer: Kevin Gallagher <[e-mail]>
Keywords: emulations

This file is part of GNU Emacs.

GNU Emacs is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option) any later version.

GNU Emacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A
PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for more details.

You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
GNU Emacs; see the file COPYING.  If not, write to the Free Software
Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.

============================================================================

I.    OVERVIEW:

This is Version 4.0 of the EDT Emulation for Emacs 19 and above.
It comes with special functions which replicate nearly all of EDT's
keypad mode behavior.  It sets up default keypad and function key
bindings which closely match those found in EDT.  Support is
provided so that users may reconfigure most keypad and function key
bindings to their own liking.

NOTE: Version 4.0 contains several enhancements.  See the
Enhancements section below for the details.


Quick Start:

To start the EDT Emulation, first start Emacs and then enter 

   M-x edt-emulation-on
   
to begin the emulation.  After initialization is complete, the
following message will appear below the status line informing you
that the emulation has been enabled: "Default EDT keymap active".

   You can have the EDT Emulation start up automatically, each time
you initiate a GNU Emacs session, by adding the following line to
your .emacs file:

   (add-hook term-setup-hook 'edt-emulation-on)

IMPORTANT: Be sure to read the rest of this file.  It contains very
           useful information on how the EDT Emulation behaves and how
           to customize it to your liking.

The EDT emulation consists of the following files:

edt-user.doc     - User Instructions and Sample Customization File
edt.el           - EDT Emulation Functions and Default Configuration
edt-lk201.el     - Built-in support for DEC LK-201 Keyboards
edt-vt100.el     - Built-in support for DEC VT-100 (and above) terminals
edt-pc.el        - Built-in support for PC 101 Keyboards under MS-DOS
edt-mapper.el    - Create an EDT LK-201 Map File for Keyboards Without 
                     Built-in Support

Enhancements:

Version 4.0 contains the following enhancements:

 1.  Scroll margins at the top and bottom of the window are now
     supported.  (The design was copied from tpu-extras.el.)  By
     default, this feature is enabled with the top margin set to
     10% of the window and the bottom margin set to 15% of the
     window.  To change these settings, you can invoke the function
     edt-set-scroll-margins in your .emacs file.  For example, the
     following line

          (edt-set-scroll-margins "20%" "25%")
      
     sets the top margin to 20% of the window and the bottom margin
     to 25% of the window.  To disable this feature, set each
     margin to 0%.  You can also invoke edt-set-scroll-margins
     interactively while EDT Emulation is active to change the
     settings for that session.

     NOTE: Another way to set the scroll margins is to use the
     Emacs customization feature (not available in Emacs 19) to set
     the following two variables directly:
      
          edt-top-scroll-margin and edt-bottom-scroll-margin

     Enter the Emacs `customize' command.  First select the Editing
     group and then select the Emulations group.  Finally, select
     the Edt group and follow the directions.
      
 2.  The SUBS command is now supported and bound to GOLD-Enter by
     default.  (This design was copied from tpu-edt.el.)  Note, in
     earlier versions of EDT Emulation, GOLD-Enter was assigned to
     the Emacs function `query-replace'.  The binding of
     `query-replace' has been moved to GOLD-/.  If you prefer to
     restore `query-replace' to GOLD-Enter, then use an EDT user
     customization file, edt-user.el, to do this.  See edt-user.doc
     for details.

 3.  EDT Emulation now also works in XEmacs, including the
     highlighting of selected text.

 4.  If you access a workstation using an X Server, observe that
     the initialization file generated by edt-mapper.el will now
     contain the name of the X Server vendor.  This is a
     convenience for those who have access to their Unix account
     from more than one type of X Server.  Since different X
     Servers typically require different EDT emulation
     initialization files, edt-mapper.el will now generate these
     different initialization files and save them with different
     names.  Then, the correct initialization file for the
     particular X server in use is loaded correctly automatically.

 5.  Also, edt-mapper.el is now capable of binding an ASCII key
     sequence, providing the ASCII key sequence prefix is already
     known by Emacs to be a prefix.  As a result of providing this
     support, some terminal/keyboard/window system configurations,
     which don't have a complete set of sensible function key
     bindings built into Emacs in `function-key-map', can still be
     configured for use with EDT Emulation.  (Note: In a few rare
     circumstances this does not work properly.  In particular, it
     does not work if a subset of the leading ASCII characters in a
     key sequence are recognized by Emacs as having an existing
     binding.  For example, if the keypad 7 (KP-7) key generates
     the sequence \"<ESC>Ow\" and \"<ESC>O\" is already bound to a
     function, pressing KP-7 when told to do so by edt-mapper.el
     will result in edt-mapper.el incorrectly mapping \"<ESC>O\" to
     KP-7 and \"w\" to KP-8.  If something like this happens to
     you, it is probably a bug in the support for your keyboard
     within Emacs OR a bug in the Unix termcap/terminfo support for
     your terminal OR a bug in the terminal emulation software you
     are using.)

 6.  The edt-quit function (bound to GOLD-q by default) has been
     modified to warn the user when file-related buffer
     modifications exist.  It now cautions the user that those
     modifications will be lost if the user quits without saving
     those buffers.


Goals:

        1.  Emulate EDT Keypad Mode commands closely so that current EDT users
            will find that it easy and comfortable to use GNU Emacs with a
            small learning curve;
   
        2.  Make it easy for a user to customize EDT emulation key bindings
            without knowing much about Emacs Lisp;

        3.  Make it easy to switch between the original EDT default bindings
            and the user's customized EDT bindings, without having to exit
            Emacs.

        4.  Provide support for some TPU/EVE functions not supported in EDT.

        5.  Provide an easy way to restore ALL original Emacs key bindings,
            just as they existed before the EDT emulation was first invoked.
   
        6.  Support GNU Emacs 19 and higher.  (GNU Emacs 18 and below is no
	        longer supported.)  XEmacs 19, and above, is also supported.

        7.  Supports highlighting of marked text within the EDT emulation on
            all platforms on which Emacs supports highlighting of marked text.

        8.  Handle terminal configuration interactively for most terminal
            configurations, when the emulation is invoked for the first time.

        9.  Support a PC AT keyboard under MS-DOS.


II.   TERMINALS/KEYBOARDS SUPPORTED:

Keyboards used under a Window System are supported via the edt-mapper function.
The first time you invoke the emulation under a window system, the edt-mapper
function is run automatically and the user is prompted to identify which keys
the emulation is to use for the standard keypad and function keys EDT expects
(e.g., PF1, PF2, KP0, KP1, F1, F2, etc.).  This configuration is saved to disk
read each time the emulation is invoked.

In character oriented connections not running a window manager, built-in
support for the following terminals/keyboards is provided:

  (1) DEC VT-100 series and higher.  This includes well behaved VT clones and
      emulators.  If you are using a VT series terminal, be sure that the term
      environment variable is set properly before invoking emacs. 

  (2) PC AT keyboard under MS-DOS.  

Be sure to read the SPECIAL NOTES FOR SOME PLATFORMS sections to see if those
notes apply to you.


III.  STARTING THE EDT EMULATION:

Start up GNU Emacs and enter "M-x edt-emulation-on" to begin the emulation.
After initialization is complete, the following message will appear below the
status line informing you that the emulation has been enabled:

                         Default EDT keymap active

You can have the EDT Emulation start up automatically, each time you initiate
a GNU Emacs session, by adding the following line to your .emacs file:

                  (add-hook term-setup-hook 'edt-emulation-on)

A reference sheet is included (later on) listing the default EDT Emulation key
bindings.  This sheet is also accessible on line from within Emacs by pressing
PF2, GOLD H, or HELP (when in the EDT Default Mode).

It is easy to customize key bindings in the EDT Emulation.  (See CUSTOMIZING
section, below.)  Customizations are placed in a file called edt-user.el.  (A
sample edt-user.el file can be found in the CUSTOMIZING section.)  If
edt-user.el is found in your GNU Emacs load path during EDT Emulation
initialization, then the following message will appear below the status line
indicating that the emulation has been enabled, enhanced by your own
customizations:

                       User EDT custom keymap active

Once enabled, it is easy to switch back and forth between your customized EDT
Emulation key bindings and the default EDT Emulation key bindings.  (See the
sample edt-user.el file below.  Look at the binding to GOLD Z.)  It is also
easy to turn off the emulation (via the command edt-emulation-off).  Doing so
completely restores the original key bindings in effect just prior to invoking
the emulation.

Emacs binds keys to ASCII control characters and so does the real EDT.  Where
EDT key bindings and GNU Emacs key bindings conflict, the default GNU Emacs key
bindings are retained by the EDT emulation by default.  If you are a diehard
EDT user you may not like this.  The CUSTOMIZING section explains how to change
this so that the EDT bindings to ASCII control characters override the default
Emacs bindings.


IV.   SPECIAL NOTES FOR SOME PLATFORMS:

  Sun Workstations running X:

     Some earlier Sun keyboards do not have arrow keys separate from the keypad
     keys.  It is difficult to emulate the full EDT keypad and still retain use
     of the arrow keys on such keyboards.

     The Sun Type 5 and other more recent Sun keyboards, however, do have
     separate arrow keys.  This makes them candidates for setting up a
     reasonable EDT keypad emulation.  

     Depending upon the configuration of the version of X installed on your
     system, you may find the default X keynames for the keypad keys don't
     permit Emacs to interpret some or all the keypad keys as something other
     than arrow keys, numeric keys, Home, PgUP, etc.  Both Sun and HP have been
     particularly guilty of making bizarre keysym assignments to the keypad
     keys. 

     In most cases, the X Windows command, xmodmap, can be used to correct the
     problem.  Here's a sample .xmodmaprc file which corrects this problem on
     one Sun workstation configuration using an older SunOS release configured
     with a Sun Type 5 keyboard:

         ! File:  .xmodmaprc
         !
         ! Set up Sun Type 5 keypad for use with the GNU Emacs EDT Emulation
         !
         keycode  53 = KP_Divide
         keycode  54 = KP_Multiply
         keycode  57 = KP_Decimal
         keycode  75 = KP_7
         keycode  76 = KP_8
         keycode  77 = KP_9
         keycode  78 = KP_Subtract
         keycode  97 = KP_Enter
         keycode  98 = KP_4
         keycode  99 = KP_5
         keycode 100 = KP_6
         keycode 101 = KP_0
         keycode 105 = F24
         keycode 119 = KP_1
         keycode 120 = KP_2
         keycode 121 = KP_3
         keycode 132 = KP_Add

     If edt-mapper.el does not recognize your keypad keys as unique keys, use
     the command

	 xmodmap -pke

     to get a listing of the actual key codes and the keysyms mapped to them
     and then generate you own custom .xmodmaprc similar to the one above.

     Next, feed .xmodmaprc to the xmodmap command and all the Sun Type 5 keypad
     keys will now be configurable for the emulation of an LK-201 keypad (less
     the comma key).  In this example, the line

         keycode 105 = F24

     changes the X Windows name of the keypad NumLock key to be known
     internally as the F24 key.  Doing so permits it to be configured to behave
     as the PF1 (Gold) key.  

     The side effect of this change is that you will no longer have a NumLock
     key.  If you are using other software under X which requires a NumLock
     key, then examine your keyboard and look for one you don't use and
     redefine it to be the NumLock key.  Basically, you need to clear the
     NumLock key from being assigned as a modifier, assign it to the key of
     your choice, and then add it back as a modifier.  (See the "General Notes
     on Using NumLock for the PF1 Key on a Unix System" section below for
     further help on how to do this.)

  PC users running MS-DOS:

     By default, F1 is configured to emulate the PF1 (GOLD) key.  But NumLock
     can be used instead if you load a freeware TSR distributed with MS-Kermit,
     call gold.com.  This was once distributed in a file called gold22.zip and
     came with the source code as well as a loadable binary image.  (See
     edt-pc.el in the Emacs lisp/emulation directory for more information.)

  PC users running GNU/Linux:

     The default X server configuration varies from distribution to
     distribution and release to release of GNU/Linux.  If your system fails to
     recognize the keypad keys as distinct keys, change the NumLock state,