ckututor.txt

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C-KERMIT 8.0 UNIX MANUAL PAGE AND TUTORIAL

     Frank da Cruz, Christine M. Gianone
     [1]The Kermit Project, [2]Columbia University
     
   [ [3]PDF version ] [ [4]Nroff version ]
   
     This document is intended to give the beginner sufficient
     information to make basic (if not advanced) use of C-Kermit 8.0.
     Although it might be rather long for a Unix manual page (about 1600
     lines), it's still far shorter than the C-Kermit manual, which
     should be consulted for advanced topics such as customization,
     character-sets, scripting, etc. We also attempt to provide a clear
     structural overview of C-Kermit's many capabilities, functional
     areas, states, and modes and their interrelation, that should be
     helpful to beginners and veterans alike, as well as to those
     upgrading to the new release. 
     
   Most recent update: 24 October 2002
    ________________________________________________________________________
  
  CONTENTS
     * [5]DESCRIPTION
     * [6]SYNOPSIS
     * [7]OPTIONS
     * [8]COMMAND LANGUAGE
     * [9]INITIALIZATION FILE
     * [10]MODES OF OPERATION
     * [11]MAKING CONNECTIONS
     * [12]TRANSFERRING FILES WITH KERMIT
     * [13]KERMIT CLIENT/SERVER CONNECTIONS
     * [14]KERMIT'S BUILT-IN FTP AND HTTP CLIENTS
     * [15]INTERNET KERMIT SERVICE
     * [16]SECURITY
     * [17]ALTERNATIVE COMMAND-LINE PERSONALITIES
     * [18]LICENSE
     * [19]OTHER TOPICS
     * [20]DOCUMENTATION AND UPDATES
     * [21]FILES
     * [22]AUTHORS
     _________________________________________________________________
   
   DESCRIPTION [ [23]Top ] [ [24]Contents ] [ [25]Next ]
   
   [26]C-Kermit is an all-purpose communications software package from
   the [27]Kermit Project at [28]Columbia University that:
   
     * Is portable to many platforms, Unix and non-Unix alike.
     * Can make both serial and network connections.
     * Can conduct interactive terminal sessions over its connection.
     * Can transfer text or binary files over the same connection.
     * Can convert text-file character sets in terminal mode or file
       transfer.
     * Is customizable in every aspect of its operation.
       
   C-Kermit is a modem program, a Telnet client, an Rlogin client, an FTP
   client, an HTTP client, and on selected platforms, also an X.25
   client. It can make its own secure Internet connections using
   IETF-approved security methods including Kerberos IV, Kerberos V,
   SSL/TLS, and SRP and it can also make SSH (Secure Shell) connections
   through your external SSH client application. It can be the far-end
   file-transfer or client/server partner of your desktop Kermit client.
   It can also accept incoming dialed and network connections. It can
   even be installed as an Internet service on its own standard TCP
   socket, 1649 [[29]RFC2839, [30]RFC2840].
   
   And perhaps most important, everything you can do "by hand"
   (interactively) with C-Kermit, can be "scripted" (automated) using its
   built-in cross-platform transport-independent script programming
   language, which happens to be identical to its interactive command
   language.
   
   This manual page offers an overview of C-Kermit 8.0 for Unix ("Unix"
   is an operating system family that includes AIX, DG/UX, FreeBSD,
   HP-UX, IRIX, Linux, Mac OS X, NetBSD, OpenBSD, Open Server, Open Unix,
   QNX, Solaris, SunOS, System V R3, System V R4, Tru64 Unix, Unixware,
   Xenix, and many others). For thorough coverage, please consult the
   published C-Kermit manual and supplements (see [31]DOCUMENTATION
   below). For further information about C-Kermit, Kermit software for
   other platforms, and Kermit manuals, visit the Kermit Project website:
   
  [32]http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/

   This is a longer-than-average manual page, and yet it barely scratches
   the surface. Don't be daunted. C-Kermit is a large and complex
   package, evolving over decades of practice and experience, but that
   doesn't mean it's hard to learn or use. Its most commonly used
   functions are explained here with pointers to additional information
   elsewhere.
   
   [ [33]Kermit Home ] [ [34]C-Kermit Home ] [ [35]C-Kermit FAQ ]
    ________________________________________________________________________
  
  SYNOPSIS [ [36]Top ] [ [37]Contents ] [ [38]Next ] [ [39]Previous ]
  
   Usage:  kermit [filename] [-x arg [-x arg]...[-yyy]..] [ {=,--,+} text
   ] ]
   Or:    kermit URL
   
     * -x is an option requiring an argument;
     * -y is an option with no argument.
       
   If the first command-line argument is the name of a file,
   interactive-mode commands are executed from the file. The '=' (or
   "--") argument tells Kermit not to parse the remainder of the command
   line, but to make the words following '=' available as \%1, \%2, ...
   \%9. The "+" argument is like "=" but for use in "kerbang scripts"
   (explained [40]below). A second command-line format allows the one and
   only argument to be a [41]Telnet, FTP, HTTP, or IKSD URL.
   
   Order of execution:
   
    1. [42]The command file (if any).
    2. [43]The initialization file, if any, unless suppressed with -Y.
    3. [44]The customization file (if it is executed by the
       initialization file).
    4. [45]The command-line URL (if any, and if so, execution stops
       here).
    5. [46]Command-line options (if any).
    6. [47]Interactive commands.
       
   Some command-line options can cause actions (such as -s to send a
   file); others just set parameters. If any action options are included
   on the command line, Kermit exits when finished unless also given the
   -S ("stay") option. If no action options are given, no initialization
   or command files contained an EXIT or QUIT command, and no fatal
   errors occurred, Kermit issues its prompt and waits for you to type
   commands.
   
     Bear in mind that C-Kermit can be built with selected features
     disabled, and also that certain features are not available on all
     platforms. For example, C-Kermit can't be built with TCP/IP support
     on a platform that does not have TCP/IP header files and libraries
     (and even if Kermit does include TCP/IP support, it can't be used
     to make TCP/IP connections on a computer that does not have a
     TCP/IP stack installed). If your version of C-Kermit lacks a
     feature mentioned here, use its SHOW FEATURES command to see what
     might have been excluded. 
     
   C-Kermit has three kinds of commands: regular single-letter
   command-line options, extended-format command-line options, and
   interactive commands.
   
   [ [48]Kermit Home ] [ [49]C-Kermit Home ] [ [50]C-Kermit FAQ ]
    ________________________________________________________________________
  
  OPTIONS [ [51]Top ] [ [52]Contents ] [ [53]Next ] [ [54]Previous ]
  
   Like most Unix commands, C-Kermit can be be given options on the
   command line. But C-Kermit also can be used interactively by giving it
   [55]commands composed of words, which are more intuitive than cryptic
   command-line options, and more flexible too. In other words, you don't
   have to use C-Kermit's command-line options, but they are available if
   you want to. (By the same token, you don't have to use its interactive
   commands either -- you can use either or both in any combination.)
   
   C-Kermit is generally installed in the PATH as "kermit", and therefore
   is invoked by typing the word "kermit" (lowercase) at the shell
   prompt, and then pressing the Return or Enter key. If you wish to
   include command-line options, put them after the word "kermit" but
   before pressing Return or Enter, separated by spaces, for example:
   
  $ kermit -s ckermit.tar.gz

   ('$' is the shell prompt; "kermit -s ckermit.tar.gz" is what you type,
   followed by Return or Enter.)
   
   Here is a list of C-Kermit's single-letter command-line options, which
   start with a single dash (-), in ASCII ("alphabetical") order.
   Alphabetic case is significant (-A is not the same as -a). The Action?
   column contains Y for action options and N for non-action options.
   Option Action? Description
   -0 N (digit zero) 100% transparent Connect state for "in-the-middle"
   operation: 8 bits, no parity, no escape character, everything passes
   through.
   -8 N (digit eight) Connection is 8-bit clean (this is the default in
   C-Kermit 8.0). Equivalent to the EIGHTBIT command, which in turn is a
   shortcut for SET TERMINAL BYTESIZE 8, SET COMMAND BYTESIZE 8, SET
   PARITY NONE.
   -9 arg N (digit nine) Make a connection to an FTP server. Equivalent
   to the FTP OPEN command.
   Argument: IP-address-or-hostname[:optional-TCP-port].
   NOTE: C-Kermit also has a separate FTP command-line personality, with
   regular FTP-like command-line syntax. [56]More about this below.
   -A N Kermit is to be started as an Internet service (IKSD) (only from
   inetd.conf).
   -B N Kermit is running in Batch or Background (no controlling
   terminal). To be used in case Kermit doesn't automatically sense its
   background status. Equivalent to the SET BACKGROUND ON command.
   -C arg N Interactive-mode Commands to be executed.
   Argument: Commands separated by commas, list in doublequotes.
   -D arg N Delay before starting to send in Remote mode. Equivalent to
   the SET DELAY command.
   Argument: Number of seconds.
   -E N Exit automatically when connection closes. Equivalent to SET EXIT
   ON-DISCONNECT ON.
   -F arg N Use an open TCP connection.
   Argument: Numeric file descriptor of open TCP connection.
   Also see: -j, -J.
   -G arg Y Get file(s) from server, send contents to standard output,
   which normally would be piped to another process.
   Argument: Remote file specification, in quotes if it contains
   metacharacters.
   Also see: -g, -k.
   -H N Suppress program startup Herald and greeting.
   -I N Tell Kermit it has a reliable connection, to force streaming to
   be used where it normally would not be. Equivalent to the SET RELIABLE
   ON command.
   -J arg N "Be like Telnet." Like -j but implies -E.
   Argument: IP hostname/address optionally followed by service.
   NOTE: C-Kermit also has a separate Telnet command-line personality,
   with regular Telnet-like command-line syntax. [57]More about this
   below.
   -L N Recursive directory descent for files in -s option.
   -M arg N My user name (for use with Telnet, Rlogin, FTP, etc).
   Equivalent to the SET LOGIN USER command.
   Argument: Username string.
   -O Y (Uppercase letter O) Be a server for One command only. Also see:
   -x.
   -P N Don't convert file (Path) names of transferred files. Equivalent
   to SET FILE NAMES LITERAL.
   -Q N Quick Kermit protocol settings. Equivalent to the FAST command.
   This is the default in C-Kermit 7.0 and later.
   -R N Remote-only (this just makes IF REMOTE true).
   -S N Stay (enter command parser after action options).
   -T N Force Text mode for file transfer; implies -V. Equivalent to SET
   TRANSFER MODE MANUAL, SET FILE TYPE TEXT.
   -V N Disable automatic per-file text/binary switching. Equivalent to
   SET TRANSFER MODE MANUAL.
   -Y N Skip (don't execute) the initialization file.
   -a arg N As-name for file(s) in -s, -r, or -g.
   Argument: As-name string (alternative filename). When receiving files,
   this can be a directory name.
   -b arg N Speed for serial device. Equivalent to SET SPEED.
   Argument: Numeric Bits per second for serial connections.
   -c Y Enter Connect state before transferring files.
   -d N Create a debug.log file with detailed debugging information (a
   second -d adds timestamps). Equivalent to LOG DEBUG but takes effect
   sooner.
   -e arg N Maximum length for incoming Kermit file-transfer packets.
   Equivalent to SET RECEIVE PACKET-LENGTH.
   Argument: Length in bytes.
   -f Y Send a FINISH command to a Kermit server.
   -g arg N Get file(s) from a Kermit server.
   Argument: File specification on other computer, in quotes if it
   contains metacharacters. Equivalent to GET.
   Also see: -a, -G, -r.
   -h Y Print Help text for single-letter command-line options (pipe thru
   'more' to prevent scrolling).
   -i N Force binary (Image) mode for file transfer; implies -V.
   Equivalent to SET TRANSFER MODE MANUAL, SET FILE TYPE BINARY.
   -j arg N Make a TCP/IP connection.
   Argument: IP host name/address and optional service name or number.
   Equivalent to the TELNET command.
   Also see: -J, -F.
   -k Y Receive file(s) to standard output, which normally would be piped
   to another process.
   Also see: -r, -G.
   -l arg N (Lowercase letter L) Make a connection on the given serial
   communications device. Equivalent to the SET LINE (SET PORT) command.
   Argument: Serial device name, e.g. /dev/ttyS0.
   -m arg N Modem type for use with the -l device. Equivalent to the SET
   MODEM TYPE command.
   Argument: Modem name as in SET MODEM TYPE command, e.g. "usrobotics".
   -n Y Enter Connect state after transferring files (historical).
   -p arg N Parity. Equivalent to the SET PARITY command.
   Argument: One of the following: e(ven), o(dd), m(ark), n(one),
   s(pace).
   -q N Quiet (suppress most messages). Equivalent to SET QUIET ON.
   -r Y Receive file(s). Equivalent to the RECEIVE command.
   Argument: (none, but see -a)
   -s arg N Send file(s).
   Argument: One or more local file specifications. Equivalent to the
   SEND command.
   Also see: -a.
   -t N (Historical) Xon (Ctrl-Q) Turnaround character for half-duplex
   connections (used on serial linemode connections to old mainframes).