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.\" @(#) kermit.1 8.0.211 2004/04/10 Columbia University
.TH KERMIT 1 "APRIL 2004" "User Manuals"
.na
.SH NAME
kermit \-
.B C-Kermit 8.0:
transport- and platform-independent
interactive and scriptable communications software.
.IP

This document is intended to give the beginner sufficient information to make
basic (if not advanced) use of C-Kermit 8.0.  Although it might be rather long
for a Unix manual page, it's still far shorter than the C-Kermit manual, which
should be consulted for advanced topics such as customization, character-sets,
scripting, etc. We also attempt to provide a clear structural overview of
C-Kermit's many capabilities, functional areas, states, and modes and their
interrelation, that should be helpful to beginners and veterans alike, as well
as to those upgrading to version 8.0 from earlier releases.
.PP
This document is also available as a Web page at:
.IP
http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html
.SH DESCRIPTION
C-Kermit is an all-purpose communications software package from the Kermit
Project at Columbia University that:
.PP
.nf
\(bu	Is portable to many platforms, Unix and non-Unix alike.
.br
\(bu	Can make both serial and network connections.
.br
\(bu	Can conduct interactive terminal sessions over its connection.
.br
\(bu	Can transfer text or binary files over the same connection.
.br
\(bu	Can convert character sets in the terminal session.
.br
\(bu	Can convert character sets during text-file file transfer.
.br
\(bu	Is customizable in every aspect of its operation.
.fi
.PP
C-Kermit is a modem program, a Telnet client, an Rlogin client, an FTP
client, an HTTP client, and on selected platforms, also an X.25 client. It
can make its own secure Internet connections using IETF-approved security
methods including Kerberos IV, Kerberos V, SSL/TLS, and SRP and it can also
make SSH connections through your external SSH client application. It can
be the far-end file-transfer or client/server partner of your desktop
Kermit client. It can also accept incoming dialed and network connections.
It can even be installed as an Internet service on its own standard TCP
socket, 1649 [RFC2839, RFC2840].
.PP
And perhaps most important, everything you can do "by hand" (interactively)
with C-Kermit, can be "scripted" (automated) using its built-in
cross-platform transport-independent script programming language, which
happens to be identical to its interactive command language.
.PP
This manual page offers an overview of C-Kermit 8.0 for Unix ("Unix" is an
operating system family that includes AIX, DG/UX, FreeBSD, HP-UX, IRIX,
Linux, Mac OS X, NetBSD, OpenBSD, Open Server, Open Unix, QNX, Solaris,
SunOS, System V R3, System V R4, Tru64 Unix, Unixware, Xenix, and many
others). For thorough coverage, please consult the published C-Kermit
manual and supplements (see DOCUMENTATION below). For further information
about C-Kermit, Kermit software for other platforms, and Kermit manuals,
visit the Kermit Project website:
.PP
  http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/
.PP
This is a longer-than-average manual page, and yet it barely scratches the
surface. Don't be daunted. C-Kermit is a large and complex package,
evolving over decades of practice and experience, but that doesn't mean
it's hard to learn or use. Its most commonly used functions are explained
here with pointers to additional information elsewhere.
.SH SYNOPSIS
.B kermit [
.I filename
.B ] [
.I options
.B ] [ {=,--,+}
.I text
.B ] ]
.PP
or:
.PP
.B kermit 
.I URL
.PP
If the first command-line argument is the name of a file, interactive-mode
commands are executed from the file. The '=' (or "--") argument tells
Kermit not to parse the remainder of the command line, but to make the
words following '=' available as \e%1, \e%2, ... \e%9. The "+" argument is
like "=" but for use in "kerbang scripts" (explained below). A second
command-line format allows the one and only argument to be a Telnet, FTP,
HTTP, or IKSD URL.
.PP
Order of execution:
.TP
 1.
The command file (if any).
.TP
.nf
 2.
The initialization file, if any, unless suppressed with -Y.
.fi
.TP
 3.
The customization file (if it is executed by the initialization file).
.TP
 4.
The command-line URL (if any, and if so, execution stops here).
.TP
 5.
Command-line options (if any).
.TP
 6.
Interactive commands.
.PP
Some command-line options can cause actions (such as -s to send a file);
others just set parameters. If any action options are included on the
command line, Kermit exits when finished unless also given the -S ("stay")
option. If no action options are given, no initialization or command files
contained an EXIT or QUIT command, and no fatal errors occurred, Kermit
issues its prompt and waits for you to type commands.
.IP
Bear in mind that C-Kermit can be built with selected features
disabled, and also that certain features are not available on all
platforms. For example, C-Kermit can't be built with TCP/IP
support on a platform that does not have TCP/IP header files and
libraries (and even if Kermit does include TCP/IP support, it
can't be used to make TCP/IP connections on a computer that does
not have a TCP/IP stack installed). If your version of lacks
C-Kermit a feature mentioned here, use its SHOW FEATURES command to
see what might have been excluded.
.PP
C-Kermit has three kinds of commands: regular single-letter command-line
options, extended-format command-line options, and interactive commands.
.PP
Like most Unix commands, C-Kermit can be be given options on the command
line. But C-Kermit also can be used interactively by giving it commands
composed of words, which are more intuitive than cryptic command-line
options, and more flexible too. In other words, you don't have to use
C-Kermit's command-line options, but they are available if you want to. (By
the same token, you don't have to use its interactive commands either --
you can use either or both in any combination.)
.PP
C-Kermit is generally installed in the PATH as "kermit", and therefore is
invoked by typing the word "kermit" (lowercase) at the shell prompt, and
then pressing the Return or Enter key. If you wish to include command-line
options, put them after the word "kermit" but before pressing Return or
Enter, separated by spaces, for example:
.PP
  $ kermit -s ckermit.tar.gz
.PP
('$' is the shell prompt; "kermit -s ckermit.tar.gz" is what you type,
followed by Return or Enter.)
.SH OPTIONS
Here is a list of C-Kermit's single-letter command-line options, which
start with a single dash (-), in ASCII ("alphabetical") order. Alphabetic
case is significant (-A is not the same as -a).  Action options are 
tagged "ACTION".
.TP
-0
(digit zero)  100% transparent Connect state for
"in-the-middle" operation: 8 bits, no parity, no
escape character, everything passes through.
.TP
-8
(digit eight)  Connection is 8-bit clean (this is the
default in C-Kermit 8.0). Equivalent to the EIGHTBIT
command, which in turn is a shortcut for SET TERMINAL
BYTESIZE 8, SET COMMAND BYTESIZE 8, SET PARITY NONE.
.TP
-9 arg
(digit nine)  Make a connection to an FTP server.
Equivalent to the FTP OPEN command.
Argument: IP-address-or-hostname[:optional-TCP-port].
NOTE: C-Kermit also has a separate FTP command-line
personality, with regular FTP-like command-line
syntax. More about this below.
.TP
-A
Kermit is to be started as an Internet service (IKSD)
(only from inetd.conf).
.TP
-B
Kermit is running in Batch or Background (no
controlling terminal). To be used in case Kermit
doesn't automatically sense its background status.
Equivalent to the SET BACKGROUND ON command.
.TP
-C arg
Interactive-mode Commands to be executed.
Argument: Commands separated by commas, list in
doublequotes.
.TP
-D arg
Delay before starting to send in Remote mode.
Equivalent to the SET DELAY command.
Argument: Number of seconds.
.TP
-E
Exit automatically when connection closes. Equivalent
to SET EXIT ON-DISCONNECT ON.
.TP
-F arg
Use an open TCP connection.
Argument: Numeric file descriptor of open TCP
connection.
Also see: -j, -J.
.TP
-G arg
(ACTION) Get file(s) from server, send contents to standard
output, which normally would be piped to another
process.
Argument: Remote file specification, in quotes if it
contains metacharacters.
Also see: -g, -k.
.TP
-H
Suppress program startup Herald and greeting.
.TP
-I
Tell Kermit it has a reliable connection, to force streaming to be used where
it normally would not be.  Equivalent to the SET RELIABLE ON command.
.TP
-J arg
(ACTION) "Be like Telnet." Like -j but implies -E.  Argument: IP
hostname/address optionally followed by service.  NOTE: C-Kermit also has a
separate Telnet command-line personality, with regular Telnet-like
command-line syntax. More about this below.
.TP
-L
Recursive directory descent for files in -s option.
.TP
-M arg
My user name (for use with Telnet, Rlogin, FTP, etc).
Equivalent to the SET LOGIN USER command.
Argument: Username string.
.TP
-O
(ACTION) (Uppercase letter O) Be a server for One command only.
Also see: -x.
.TP
-P
Don't convert file (Path) names of transferred files.
Equivalent to SET FILE NAMES LITERAL.
.TP
-Q
Quick Kermit protocol settings. Equivalent to the FAST
command. This is the default in C-Kermit 7.0 and later.
.TP
-R
Remote-only (this just makes IF REMOTE true).
.TP
-S
Stay (enter command parser after action options).
.TP
-T
Force Text mode for file transfer; implies -V.
Equivalent to SET TRANSFER MODE MANUAL, SET FILE TYPE TEXT.
.TP
-V
Disable automatic per-file text/binary switching.
Equivalent to SET TRANSFER MODE MANUAL.
.TP
-Y
Skip (don't execute) the initialization file.
.TP
-a arg
As-name for file(s) in -s, -r, or -g.
Argument: As-name string (alternative filename). When
receiving files, this can be a directory name.
.TP
-b arg
Speed for serial device. Equivalent to SET SPEED.
Argument: Numeric Bits per second for serial
connections.
.TP
-c
(ACTION) Enter Connect state before transferring files.
.TP
-d
Create a debug.log file with detailed debugging
information (a second -d adds timestamps). Equivalent
to LOG DEBUG but takes effect sooner.
.TP
-e arg
Maximum length for incoming Kermit file-transfer
packets. Equivalent to SET RECEIVE PACKET-LENGTH.
Argument: Length in bytes.
.TP
-f
(ACTION) Send a FINISH command to a Kermit server.
.TP
-g arg
Get file(s) from a Kermit server.
Argument: File specification on other computer, in
quotes if it contains metacharacters. Equivalent to
GET. Also see: -a, -G, -r.
.TP
-h
(ACTION) Print Help text for single-letter command-line options
(pipe thru 'more' to prevent scrolling).
.TP
-i
Force binary (Image) mode for file transfer; implies
-V. Equivalent to SET TRANSFER MODE MANUAL, SET FILE
TYPE BINARY.
.TP
-j arg
Make a TCP/IP connection.
Argument: IP host name/address and optional service
name or number. Equivalent to the TELNET command.
Also see: -J, -F.
.TP
-k
(ACTION) Receive file(s) to standard output, which normally 
would be piped to another process.
Also see: -r, -G.
.TP
-l arg
(Lowercase letter L) Make a connection on the given
serial communications device. Equivalent to the SET
LINE (SET PORT) command.
Argument: Serial device name, e.g. /dev/ttyS0.
.TP
-m arg
Modem type for use with the -l device. Equivalent to
the SET MODEM TYPE command.
Argument: Modem name as in SET MODEM TYPE command,
e.g. "usrobotics".
.TP
-n
(ACTION) Enter Connect state after transferring files (historical).
.TP
-p arg
Parity. Equivalent to the SET PARITY command.
Argument: One of the following: e(ven), o(dd), m(ark),
n(one), s(pace).
.TP
-q
Quiet (suppress most messages). Equivalent to SET QUIET ON.
.TP
-r
(ACTION) Receive file(s). Equivalent to the RECEIVE command.
Argument: (none, but see -a)
.TP
-s arg
Send file(s).
Argument: One or more local file specifications.
Equivalent to the SEND command.
Also see: -a.
.TP
-t
(Historical) Xon (Ctrl-Q) Turnaround character for
half-duplex connections (used on serial linemode
connections to old mainframes). Equivalent to SET
DUPLEX HALF, SET HANDSHAKE XON.
.TP
-v arg
Window size for Kermit protocol (ignored when
streaming). Equivalanet to SET WINDOW-SIZE.
Argument: Number, 1 to 32.
.TP
-w
Incoming files Write over existing files. Equivalent