stormyinning.java

java的异常部分ppt

//: c10:StormyInning.java
// From 'Thinking in Java, 2nd ed.' by Bruce Eckel
// www.BruceEckel.com. See copyright notice in CopyRight.txt.
// Overridden methods may throw only the 
// exceptions specified in their base-class 
// versions, or exceptions derived from the 
// base-class exceptions.

class BaseballException extends Exception {}
class Foul extends BaseballException {}
class Strike extends BaseballException {}

abstract class Inning {
  Inning() throws BaseballException {}
  void event () throws BaseballException {
   // Doesn't actually have to throw anything
  }
  abstract void atBat() throws Strike, Foul;
  void walk() {} // Throws nothing
}

class StormException extends Exception {}
class RainedOut extends StormException {}
class PopFoul extends Foul {}

interface Storm {
  void event() throws RainedOut;
  void rainHard() throws RainedOut;
}

public class StormyInning extends Inning 
    implements Storm {
  // OK to add new exceptions for 
  // constructors, but you must deal 
  // with the base constructor exceptions:
  StormyInning() throws RainedOut, 
    BaseballException {}
  StormyInning(String s) throws Foul, 
    BaseballException {}
  // Regular methods must conform to base class:
//! void walk() throws PopFoul {} //Compile error
  // Interface CANNOT add exceptions to existing
  // methods from the base class:
//! public void event() throws RainedOut {}
  // If the method doesn't already exist in the
  // base class, the exception is OK:
  public void rainHard() throws RainedOut {}
  // You can choose to not throw any exceptions,
  // even if base version does:
  public void event() {}
  // Overridden methods can throw 
  // inherited exceptions:
  void atBat() throws PopFoul {}
  public static void main(String[] args) {
    try {
      StormyInning si = new StormyInning();
      si.atBat();
    } catch(PopFoul e) {
      System.err.println("Pop foul");
    } catch(RainedOut e) {
      System.err.println("Rained out");
    } catch(BaseballException e) {
      System.err.println("Generic error");
    }
    // Strike not thrown in derived version.
    try {
      // What happens if you upcast?
      Inning i = new StormyInning();
      i.atBat();
      // You must catch the exceptions from the
      // base-class version of the method:
    } catch(Strike e) {
      System.err.println("Strike");
    } catch(Foul e) {
      System.err.println("Foul");
    } catch(RainedOut e) {
      System.err.println("Rained out");
    } catch(BaseballException e) {
      System.err.println(
        "Generic baseball exception");
    }
  }
} ///:~