describe.hlp

是一个经济学管理应用软件 很难找的 但是经济学学生又必须用到

{smcl}
{* 09mar2005}{...}
{cmd:help describe}{right:dialogs:  {bf:{dialog descdata:describe varlist}}}
{right:{bf:{dialog descusing:describe using}}  }
{hline}

{title:Title}

{p2colset 5 21 23 2}{...}
{p2col :{hi:[D] describe} {hline 2}}Describe data in memory or in file{p_end}
{p2colreset}{...}


{title:Syntax}

{phang}
Describe data in memory

{p 8 17 2}
{cmdab:d:escribe} [{varlist}] [{cmd:,}
 {it:{help describe##describe_m_options:describe_m_options}}]

{phang}
Describe data in file

{p 8 17 2}
{cmdab:d:escribe} [{varlist}] {bf:{help using}} {it:filename}
 [{cmd:,} {it:{help describe##describe_f_options:describe_f_options}}]

{synoptset 20}{...}
{marker describe_m_options}{...}
{synopthdr :describe_m_options}
{synoptline}
{synopt :{opt si:mple}}display only variable names{p_end}
{synopt :{opt s:hort}}display only general information{p_end}
{synopt :{opt d:etail}}display additional details{p_end}
{synopt :{opt f:ullnames}}do not abbreviate variable names{p_end}
{synopt :{opt n:umbers}}display variable number along with name{p_end}
{synoptline}
{p2colreset}{...}

{synoptset 20 tabbed}{...}
{marker describe_f_options}{...}
{synopthdr :describe_f_options}
{synoptline}
{synopt :{opt s:hort}}display only general information{p_end}
{p2coldent:+ {opt var:list}}save {cmd:r(varlist)} and {cmd:r(sortlist)} in addition to usual saved results; programmer's option{p_end}
{synoptline}
{p2colreset}{...}
{p 4 6 2}+ {cmd:varlist} is not shown in the dialog box.


{title:Description}

{pstd}
{cmd:describe} produces a summary of the dataset in memory or of the data
stored in a Stata-format dataset.

{pstd}
For a compact listing of variable names, use {cmd:describe, simple}.

{pstd}
The {it:varlist} in the {cmd:describe using} syntax differs from standard
Stata {help varlist:varlists} in two ways.
First, you cannot abbreviate variable 
names; that is, you have to type {cmd:displacement} rather than {cmd:displ}.
However, you can use the wildcard character ({cmd:~}) to indicate
abbreviations, e.g., {cmd:displ~}.  Second, you may not refer to a range
of variables; specifying {cmd:age-income} is considered an error.


{title:Options to describe data in memory}

{phang}
{opt simple} displays only the variable names in a compact format.
This list of variable names is stored in {cmd:r(varlist)}.  {opt simple} may
not be combined with other options.

{phang}
{opt short} suppresses the specific information for each variable.  Only the
general information (number of observations, number of variables, size, and
sort order) is displayed.

{phang}
{opt detail} includes information on the width of a single observation,
the maximum number of observations holding the number of variables constant,
the maximum number of variables holding the numbers of observations constant,
the maximum width for a single observation, and the maximum size of the dataset.

{phang}
{opt fullnames} specifies that {cmd:describe} display the full
names of the variables.  The default is to present an abbreviation when the
variable name is longer than 15 characters.  {cmd:describe using} always shows
the full names of the variables, so {opt fullnames} may not be specified with
{cmd:describe using}.

{phang}
{opt numbers} specifies that {cmd:describe} present the variable number with
the variable name.  If {opt numbers} is specified, variable names are
abbreviated when the name is longer than 8 characters.  Options {opt numbers}
and {opt fullnames} may not be specified together.  {opt numbers} may not be
specified with {cmd:describe using}.


{title:Options to describe data in file}

{phang}
{opt short} suppresses the specific information for each variable.  Only the 
general information (number of observations, number of variables, size, and
sort order) is displayed.

{pstd}
The following option is available with {cmd:describe} but is not shown 
in the dialog box:

{phang} 
{opt varlist}, an option for programmers, specifies that, in addition to the
usual saved results, {cmd:r(varlist)} and {cmd:r(sortlist)} be saved, too.
{cmd:r(varlist)} will contain the names of the variables in the dataset.
{cmd:r(sortlist)} will contain the names of the variables by which the data
are sorted.

{pmore} 
Because {help specialedition:Stata/SE} can create truly large datasets, it is
possible that there might be too many variables in a dataset for their names
to be stored in {cmd:r(varlist)}, given the current maximum length of macros,
as determined by {helpb maxvar:set maxvar}.  Should that occur,
{cmd:describe using} will issue the error message "too many variables",
r(103).


{title:Examples}

    {cmd}. describe
    . describe, short
    . describe, simple
    . describe, fullnames
    . describe, numbers
    . describe using mydata
    . describe using mydata, short{txt}


{title:Also see}

{psee}
Manual:  {bf:[D] describe}

{psee}
Online:  {helpb cf}, {helpb codebook}, {helpb compare}, 
{helpb compress}, {helpb ds}, {helpb format}, {helpb label}, 
{helpb lookfor}, {helpb notes}, {helpb order}, 
{helpb rename}, {helpb sysdescribe}
{p_end}