upunix.hlp

是一个经济学管理应用软件 很难找的 但是经济学学生又必须用到

{smcl}
{* 17mar2005}{...}
{cmd:help upunix}
{hline}

{title:Title}

    Writing to the official Stata directory (Unix only}


{title:Remarks}

{pstd}
In other help files, we have recommended you type

{p 8 24 2}{cmd:. update from http://www.stata.com} {space 1} (to install
		official updates)

    and

{p 8 24 2}{cmd:. net from http://www.stata.com} {space 1} (to install
		user-written programs)

{pstd}
You do not need special write permissions to use {cmd:net} because
user-written programs are written into your personal directory, but you do
need special write permissions to use {cmd:update}.

{pstd}
Actually, any user, privileged or not, can type "{cmd:update from} {it:...}"
because all that does is compare what is installed with what is available and
issues a recommendation about what to do next.  That recommendation will be to
type

{phang2}1.  "{cmd:update ado}" or{p_end}
{phang2}2.  "{cmd:update executable}" or{p_end}
{phang2}3.  "{cmd:update all}" or{p_end}
{phang2}4.  to type nothing because you are already up to date.

{pstd}
For (1), (2), or (3) to work, you will need write access to the Stata
directory.  {cmd:update} checks that you have such access, so there is no harm
in trying the commands.

{pstd}
If you do *NOT* have such access, you will need to reinvoke Stata as
superuser to install the update.  Here is what you should do:

{p 6 10 2}1.  Find out where Stata is installed.  Type:

		{cmd:. sysdir}

{p 10 10 2}Stata is installed in the directory listed opposite to STATA in the
output.  That will be either /usr/local/stata/ or /usr/local/stata9/.  In
what follows, we will pretend it is /usr/local/stata9/.

{p 6 10 2}2.  Exit Stata.  Type:

		{cmd:. exit}

{p 6 10 2}3.  Become superuser.  Type:

		% {cmd:su}
		Password: {cmd:XXXXXXXX}

{p 6 10 2}4.  Invoke Stata.  Type:

		# {cmd:/usr/local/stata9/stata}

{p 10 10 2}Specify the path because the superuser path may not include the Stata
directory.

{p 6 10 2}5.  Use {cmd:update} just as you ordinarily would:

		{cmd:. update from} {it:...}

{p 10 10 2}Type what Stata recommends:

		{cmd:. update all}

{p 10 10 2}Be sure to read any instructions that are printed after you
update Stata.  There may be additional steps you need to take, either
in or out of Stata, to complete the update.

{p 6 10 2}6.  Exit Stata

		{cmd:. exit}

{p 6 10 2}7.  Stop being superuser

		# {cmd:exit}


{pstd}
By the way, there is a way to fix Stata so that you do not have to be
superuser to install updates.  This works if you would like to appoint a
person to be in charge of Stata who does not have superuser access.  All you
have to do is change the ownership of /usr/local/stata/ or
/usr/local/stata9/ to that person.

{pstd}
We recommend this because becoming superuser is always nerve racking.  Even
experienced superusers make mistakes.  (Stata is safe to run as superuser, but
outside of Stata, as superuser, you can type literally anything and the system
will obey.)

{pstd}
If you follow our recommendation the absolute worst that can happen is the
person in charge will wipe out the Stata installation -- they can do no other
damage to the Unix system -- and that is not so bad.  Stata is easy to install
and, since the updates are available over the net, getting the freshly
installed Stata back up to date is easy:  just type {cmd:update all}.

{pstd}
If you want to change the ownership of Stata to the user with login id MARY:

{p 6 10 2}1.  Become superuser.  Type

		% {cmd:su}
		Password: {cmd:XXXXXXXX}

{p 6 10 2}2.  Change to where Stata is installed.  Type

		# {cmd:cd /usr/local/stata}
          or
		# {cmd:cd /usr/local/stata9}


{p 6 10 2}3.  Change the owner of the directory to MARY.  Type

		# {cmd:chown MARY .}

{p 6 10 2}4.  Change the owner of all files and subdirectories to MARY:

{p 16 24 2}# {cmd:find . -exec chown MARY {c -(}{c )-} \;}

{p 6 10 2}5.  Stop being superuser

		# {cmd:exit}


{pstd}
From now on, MARY can use the {cmd:update} command whenever she wishes.


{title:Also see}

{psee}
Online:  {helpb update}, {help updates}
{p_end}