graph_combine.hlp

是一个经济学管理应用软件 很难找的 但是经济学学生又必须用到

{smcl}
{* 07mar2005}{...}
{cmd:help graph combine} {right:dialog:  {bf:{dialog graph_combine:graph combine}}}
{hline}
{* index ycommon tt option}{...}
{* index xcommon tt option}{...}

{title:Title}

{p2colset 5 26 28 2}{...}
{p2col :{hi:[G] graph combine} {hline 2}}Combine multiple graphs into one{p_end}
{p2colreset}{...}


{title:Syntax}

{p 8 23 2}
{cmdab:gr:aph}
{cmd:combine}
{it:name}
[{it:name} ...]
[{cmd:,}
{it:options}]

	{it:name}{col 40}description
	{hline 65}
	{it:simplename}{...}
{col 40}name of graph in memory
	{it:name}{cmd:.gph}{...}
{col 40}name of graph stored on disk
	{cmd:"}{it:name}{cmd:"}{...}
{col 40}name of graph stored on disk
	{hline 65}

	{it:options}{col 40}description
	{hline 65}
	{cmdab:colf:irst}{...}
{col 40}display down columns
	{cmdab:r:ows:(}{it:#}{cmd:)} | {cmdab:c:ols:(}{it:#}{cmd:)}{...}
{col 40}display in {it:#} rows or {it:#} columns
	{cmdab:hol:es:(}{it:{help numlist}}{cmd:)}{...}
{col 40}positions to leave blank
	{cmd:iscale(}[{cmd:*}]{it:#}{cmd:)}{...}
{col 40}size of text and markers
	{cmd:altshrink}{...}
{col 40}alternate scaling of text, etc.
	{cmd:imargin(}{it:{help marginstyle}}{cmd:)}{...}
{col 40}margins for individual graphs

	{cmdab:ycom:mon}{...}
{col 40}give {it:y} axes common scales
	{cmdab:xcom:mon}{...}
{col 40}give {it:x} axes common scales

	{cmdab:cop:ies}{...}
{col 40}place copies of memory graphs

	{it:{help title_options}}{...}
{col 40}titles to appear on combined graph
	{it:{help region_options}}{...}
{col 40}outlining, shading, aspect ratio

	{cmdab:com:monscheme}{...}
{col 40}put graphs on common scheme
	{cmdab:sch:eme:(}{it:schemename}{cmd:)}{...}
{col 40}overall look
	{help nodraw_option:{bf:nodraw}}{...}
{col 40}suppress display of combined graph
	{help name_option:{bf:name(}{it:name}{bf:, ...)}}{...}
{col 40}specify name for combined graph
	{help saving_option:{bf:saving(}{it:filename}{bf:, ...)}}{...}
{col 40}save combined graph in file
	{hline 65}


{title:Description}

{pstd}
{cmd:graph} {cmd:combine} arrays separately drawn graphs into one.


{title:Options}

{phang}
{cmd:colfirst},
{cmd:rows(}{it:#}{cmd:)},
{cmd:cols(}{it:#}{cmd:)},
and
{cmd:holes(}{it:numlist}{cmd:)}
    specify how the resulting graphs are arrayed.  These are the same
    options described in {it:{help by_option}}.

{phang}
{cmd:iscale(}{it:#}{cmd:)}
and
{cmd:iscale(*}{it:#}{cmd:)}
    specify a size adjustment (multiplier) to be used to scale the text and
    markers used in the individual graphs.

{pmore}
    By default, {cmd:iscale()} gets smaller and smaller the larger is
    {it:G}, the number of graphs being combined.
    The default is parameterized as a multiplier
    f({it:G}){hline 2}0<f({it:G})<1,
    f'({it:G})<0{hline 2}that is used to multiply {cmd:msize()},
    {c -(}{cmd:y}|{cmd:x}{c )-}{cmd:label(,labsize())}, etc., in the
    individual graphs.

{pmore}
    If you specify {cmd:iscale(}{it:#}{cmd:)}, the number you specify is
    substituted for f({it:G}).  {cmd:iscale(1)} means that text and markers
    should appear the same size that they were originally.  {cmd:iscale(.5)}
    displays text and markers at half that size.  We recommend that you
    specify a number between 0 and 1, but you are free to specify numbers
    larger than 1.

{pmore}
    If you specify {cmd:iscale(*}{it:#}{cmd:)}, the number you specify is
    multiplied by f({it:G}), and that product is used to scale the text and
    markers.  {cmd:iscale(*1)} is the default.  {cmd:iscale(*1.2)} means that
    text and markers should appear at 20% larger than {cmd:graph}
    {cmd:combine} would ordinarily choose.  {cmd:iscale(*.8)} would make them
    20% smaller.

{phang}
{cmd:altshrink}
    specifies an alternate method of determining the size of text, markers,
    line thicknesses, and line patterns.  The size of everything drawn on each
    individual graph is as though the graph were drawn at full size, but at the
    aspect ratio of the combined individual graph, and then the individual graph
    and everything on it were shrunk to the size shown in the combined graph.

{phang}
{cmd:imargin(}{it:marginstyle}{cmd:)}
    specifies margins to be put around the individual graphs.
    See {it:{help marginstyle}}.

{phang}
{cmd:ycommon}
and
{cmd:xcommon}
    specify that the individual graphs previously drawn by {cmd:graph}
    {cmd:twoway}, and for which the {cmd:by()} option was not specified,
    be put on common {it:y} or {it:x} axes scales.  See
    {help graph combine##remarks3:Combining twoway graphs} under {hi:Remarks}
    below.

{pmore} These options have no effect when applied to the categorical axes of
{cmd:bar}, {cmd:box}, and {cmd:dot} graphs.  Also, when {cmd:twoway} graphs
are combined with {cmd:bar}, {cmd:box}, and {cmd:dot} graphs, the options
affect only those graphs of the same type as the first graph combined.

{phang}
{cmd:copies}
    specifies that copies of memory graphs be inserted into the combined graph
    rather than the default of inserting references to the existing graphs.
    When graphs are inserted by reference (the default), any changes made by
    options such as {cmd:iscale()}, {cmd:ycommon}, or {cmd:xcommon} will also
    be made to the graph being combined.  Specifying {cmd:copies} prevents
    changes to the original graph because any changes are made only to the
    copies that are combined.

{pmore}
    This option has no effect when combining graphs from disk.

{phang}
{it:title_options}
    allow you to specify titles, subtitles, notes, and captions
    to be placed on the combined graph; see {it:{help title_options}}.

{phang}
{it:region_options}
    allow you to control the aspect ratio, size, etc. of the combined graph;
    see {it:{help region_options}}.  Important among these options are
    {cmd:ysize(}{it:#}{cmd:)} and {cmd:xsize(}{it:#}{cmd:)}, which specify the
    overall size of the resulting graph.  It is sometimes desirable to make
    the combined graph wider or longer than usual.

{phang}
{cmd:commonscheme} and {cmd:scheme()}
    are for use when combining graphs that use different schemes.  By default,
    each subgraph will be drawn according to its own scheme.

{pmore}
    {cmd:commonscheme} specifies that all subgraphs be drawn using the same
    scheme and, by default, that scheme will be your default scheme;
    see {help schemes}.

{pmore}
    {cmd:scheme(}{it:schemename}{cmd:)} specifies that the
    {it:schemename} be used instead.

{phang}
{cmd:nodraw}
    causes the combined graph to be constructed but not displayed;
    see {it:{help nodraw_option}}.

{phang}
{cmd:name(}{it:name}[{cmd:, replace}]{cmd:)}
    specifies the name of the resulting combined graph.
    {cmd:name(Graph, replace)} is the default.
    See {it:{help name_option}}.

{phang}
{cmd:saving(}{it:filename}[{cmd:, asis replace}]{cmd:)}
    specifies that the combined graph be saved as {it:filename}.  If
    {it:filename} is specified without an extension, {cmd:.gph} is assumed.
    {cmd:asis} specifies that the graph be saved in as-is format.
    {cmd:replace} specifies that, if the file already exists, it is okay to
    replace it.  See {it:{help saving_option}}.


{title:Remarks}

{pstd}
Remarks are presented under the headings

	{help graph combine##remarks1:Typical use}
	{help graph combine##remarks2:Typical use with memory graphs}
	{help graph combine##remarks3:Combining twoway graphs}
	{help graph combine##remarks4:Advanced use}
	{help graph combine##remarks5:Controlling the aspect ratio of subgraphs}


{marker remarks1}{...}
{title:Typical use}

{pstd}
We have previously drawn

	{cmd:. sysuse uslifeexp, clear}

	{cmd:. line le_male   year, saving(male)}

	{cmd:. line le_female year, saving(female)}

{pstd}
We now wish to combine these two graphs:

	{cmd:. gr combine male.gph female.gph}
	  {it:({stata "gr_example2 combine1":click to run})}
{* graph combine1}{...}

{pstd}
This graph would look better combined into a single column and if we 
specified {cmd:iscale(1)} to prevent the font from shrinking:

	{cmd:. gr combine male.gph female.gph, col(1) iscale(1)}
	  {it:({stata "gr_example2 combine2":click to run})}
{* graph combine2}{...}


{marker remarks2}{...}
{title:Typical use with memory graphs}

{pstd}
Note that in both the above examples, we explicitly typed
the {cmd:.gph} suffix on the ends of the filenames:

	{cmd:. gr combine male.gph female.gph}