sunflower.hlp

是一个经济学管理应用软件 很难找的 但是经济学学生又必须用到

{smcl}
{* 22mar2005}{...}
{cmd:help sunflower}{right:dialog:  {bf:{dialog sunflower}}}
{hline}

{title:Title}

{p2colset 5 22 24 2}{...}
{p2col:{hi:[R] sunflower} {hline 2}}Density-distribution sunflower plots{p_end}
{p2colreset}{...}


{title:Syntax}

{p 8 18 2}
{cmd:sunflower} {it:yvar} {it:xvar}
{ifin}
{weight}
[{cmd:,} {it:{help sunflower##sunflower_options:sunflower_options}}]

{synoptset 32 tabbed}{...}
{marker sunflower_options}{...}
{synopthdr:sunflower_options}
{synoptline}
{syntab:Main}
{synopt:{opt binw:idth(#)}}width of the hexagonal bins{p_end}
{synopt:{opt binar(#)}}aspect ratio of the hexagonal bins{p_end}
{synopt:{opt li:ght(#)}}minimum observations for a light sunflower; default is {cmd:light(3)}{p_end}
{synopt:{opt da:rk(#)}}minimum observations for a dark sunflower; default is {cmd:dark(13)}{p_end}
{synopt:{opt xcen:ter(#)}}{it:x}-coordinate of the reference bin{p_end}
{synopt:{opt ycen:ter(#)}}{it:y}-coordinate of the reference bin{p_end}
{synopt:{opt petalw:eight(#)}}observations in a dark sunflower petal{p_end}
{synopt:{opt petall:ength(#)}}length of sunflower petal as a percentage{p_end}
{synopt:{opt flower:sonly}}show petals only; do not render bins{p_end}
{synopt:{opt nosingle:petal}}suppress single petals{p_end}
{synopt:{it:{help sunflower##sunflower_style_options:sunflower_style_options}}}affect rendition of hexagonal bins and sunflower petals{p_end}
{synopt:{it:{help marker_options:marker_options}}}affect rendition markers
	plotting points{p_end}
{synopt:{opt notab:le}}do not show summary table; implied when {opt by()} is specified{p_end}
{synopt:{opt nograph}}do not show graph{p_end}

{syntab:Add plot}
{synopt:{opth "addplot(addplot_option:plot)"}}add other plots to generated
graph{p_end}

{syntab:Y-Axis, X-Axis, Caption, Legend, Overall, By}
{synopt:{it:{help twoway_options}}}any options documented in
{bind:{bf:[G]} {it:twoway_options}}{p_end}
{synoptline}

{marker sunflower_style_options}{...}
{synopthdr:sunflower_style_options}
{synoptline}
{synopt:[{cmdab:l:}{c |}{cmdab:d:}]{opth bsty:le(areastyle)}}overall look of hexagonal bins
{p_end}
{synopt:[{cmdab:l:}{c |}{cmdab:d:}]{opth bc:olor(colorstyle)}}outline and fill color
{p_end}
{synopt:[{cmdab:l:}{c |}{cmdab:d:}]{opth bf:color(colorstyle)}}fill color
{p_end}
{synopt:[{cmdab:l:}{c |}{cmdab:d:}]{opth bl:style(linestyle)}}overall look of outline
{p_end}
{synopt:[{cmdab:l:}{c |}{cmdab:d:}]{opth bl:color(colorstyle)}}outline color
{p_end}
{synopt:[{cmdab:l:}{c |}{cmdab:d:}]{opth bl:width(linewidthstyle)}}thickness of outline
{p_end}
{synopt:[{cmdab:l:}{c |}{cmdab:d:}]{opth fls:tyle(linestyle)}}overall style of sunflower petals
{p_end}
{synopt:[{cmdab:l:}{c |}{cmdab:d:}]{opth flc:olor(colorstyle)}}color of sunflower petals
{p_end}
{synopt:[{cmdab:l:}{c |}{cmdab:d:}]{opth flw:idth(linewidthstyle)}}thickness of sunflower petals
{p_end}
{synoptline}
{p2colreset}{...}
{p 4 6 2}
All options are {it:rightmost}; see {it:{help repeated_options}}.
{p_end}
{p 4 6 2}
{opt fweight}s are allowed; see {help weight}.
{p_end}


{title:Description}

{pstd}
{opt sunflower} draws density-distribution sunflower plots.  These plots are
useful for displaying bivariate data whose density is too great for
conventional scatter plots to be effective.

{pstd}
A sunflower is a number of line segments of equal length, called petals, that
radiate from a central point.  There are two varieties of sunflowers: light
and dark.  Each petal of a light sunflower represents one observation.  Each
petal of a dark sunflower represents a number of observations.
Dark and light sunflowers represent high- and medium-density regions of the
data, and marker symbols represent individual observations in low-density
regions.

{pstd}
The plane defined by the variables {it:yvar} and {it:xvar} is divided into
contiguous hexagonal bins.  The number of observations contained within a bin
determines how the bin will be represented.

{phang}
1.  When there are fewer than {opt light(#)} observations in a bin,
    each point is plotted using the usual marker symbols in a scatter plot.

{phang}
2.  Bins with at least {opt light(#)} but fewer than
    {opt dark(#)} observations are represented by a light sunflower.

{phang}
3.  Bins with at least {opt dark(#)} observations are represented by
    a dark sunflower.


{title:Options}

{dlgtab:Main}

{phang}
{opt binwidth(#)} specifies the horizontal width of the hexagonal
bins in the same units as {it:xvar}.  By default,

{pin2}
{it:binwidth} = {cmd:max(}rbw,nbw{cmd:)}

{pmore}
where

{pin2}
rbw = range of {it:xvar} / 40

{pin2}
nbw = range of {it:xvar} / {cmd:max(1,}nb{cmd:)}

{pmore}
and

{pin2}
nb = {cmd:int(min(sqrt(}{it:n}{cmd:),10*}{cmd:log10(}{it:n}{cmd:)}{cmd:)}{cmd:)}

{pmore}
where 

{pin2}
{it:n} = the number of observations in the dataset

{phang}
{opt binar(#)} specifies the aspect ratio for the hexagonal bins.
The height of the bins is given by

{pin2}
{it:binheight} = {it:binwidth} * {it:#} * sqrt(3)

{pmore}
The default is {opt binar(r)}, where {it:r} results in the rendering of
regular hexagons.

{phang}
{opt light(#)} specifies the minimum number of observations needed
for a bin to be represented by a light sunflower.  The default is
{cmd:light(3)}.

{phang}
{opt dark(#)} specifies the minimum number of observations needed
for a bin to be represented by a dark sunflower.  The default is
{cmd:dark(13)}.

{phang}
{opt xcenter(#)} and {opt ycenter(#)} specify the center
of the reference bin.  The default values are the median values of {it:xvar}
and {it:yvar}, respectively.  The centers of the other bins are implicitly
defined by the location of the reference bin together with the common bin
width and height.

{phang}
{marker petalweight}{...}
{opt petalweight(#)} specifies the number of observations
represented by each petal of a dark sunflower.  The default value is chosen so
that the maximum number of petals on a dark sunflower is 14.

{phang}
{opt petallength(#)} specifies the length of petals in the
sunflowers.  The value specified is interpreted as a percentage of half the
bin width.  The default is 100 percent.

{phang}
{opt flowersonly} suppresses rendering of the bins.  This option is
equivalent to specifying {cmd:lbcolor(none)} and {cmd:dbcolor(none)}.

{phang}
{opt nosinglepetal} suppresses flowers from being drawn in light bins that
contain only one observation and dark bins that contain as many observations
as the petal weight (see the {helpb sunflower##petalweight:petalweight()}
option).

{phang}
{it:sunflower_style_options} affect how the hexagonal bins and sunflower
petals are rendered.

{phang2}
{opt lbstyle(areastyle)} and {opt dbstyle(areastyle)}
    specify the look of the light and dark hexagonal bins, respectively.  The
    options listed below allow you to change each attribute, but
    {opt lbstyle()} and {opt dbstyle()} provide the starting points.  See
    {it:{help areastyle}} for a list of available area styles.

{phang2}
{opt lbcolor(colorstyle)} and {opt dbcolor(colorstyle)}
    specify a single color to be used both to outline the shape
    and to fill the interior of the light and dark hexagonal bins,
    respectively.
    See {it:{help colorstyle}} for a list of color choices.

{phang2}
{opt lbfcolor(colorstyle)} and {opt dbfcolor(colorstyle)}
    specify the color to be used to fill the interior of the light and dark
    hexagonal bins, respectively.
    See {it:{help colorstyle}} for a list of color choices.

{phang2}
{opt lblstyle(linestyle)} and {opt dblstyle(linestyle)}
    specify the overall style of the line used to outline the area, which
    includes its pattern (solid, dashed, etc.), thickness, and color.
    The other options listed below allow you to change the line's attributes,
    but {opt lblstyle()} and {opt lblstyle()} are the starting points.
    See {it:{help linestyle}} for a list of choices.

{phang2}
{opt lblcolor(colorstyle)} and {opt dblcolor(colorstyle)}
    specify the color to be used to outline the light and dark hexagonal bins,
    respectively.
    See {it:{help colorstyle}} for a list of color choices.

{phang2}
{opt lblwidth(linewidthstyle)} and {opt dblwidth(linewidthstyle)}
    specify the thickness of the line to be used to outline the light and dark
    hexagonal bins, respectively.
    See {it:{help linewidthstyle}} for a list of choices.

{phang2}
{opt lflstyle(linestyle)} and {opt dflstyle(linestyle)}
	specify the overall style of the light and dark sunflower petals,
	respectively.

{phang2}
{opt lflcolor(colorstyle)} and {opt dflcolor(colorstyle)}
	specify the color of the light and dark sunflower petals,
	respectively.

{phang2}
{opt lflwidth(linewidthstyle)} and {opt dflwidth(linewidthstyle)}
	specify the width of the light and dark sunflower petals,
	respectively.

{phang}
{it:marker_options}
    affect the rendition of markers drawn at the plotted points, including
    their shape, size, color, and outline; see {it:{help marker_options}}.

{phang}
{opt notable} prevents the summary table from being displayed.  This option is
implied when the {opt by()} option is specified.

{phang}
{opt nograph} prevents the graph from being generated.

{dlgtab:Add plot}

{phang}
{opth addplot(plot)} provides a way to add other plots to the generated
graph; see {it:{help addplot_option}}.

{dlgtab:Y-Axis, X-Axis, Title, Caption, Legend, Overall, By}

{phang}
{it:twoway_options} are any of the options documented in
{it:{help twoway_options}}.  These include options for titling the graph
(see {it:{help title_options}}), options for saving the graph to disk
(see {it:{help saving_option}}), and the {opt by()} option (see
{it:{help by_option}}).


{title:Examples}

	{cmd:. sysuse auto, clear}
	{cmd:. sunflower mpg displ}
	  {it:({stata "gr_example auto: sunflower mpg displ":click to run})}

{p 8 10 2}
{cmd:. sunflower mpg displ, xcenter(100) ycenter(100) binwid(20)}{break}
{it:({stata "gr_example auto: sunflower mpg displ, xcenter(100) ycenter(100) binwid(20)":click to run})}

{p 8 10 2}
{cmd:. sunflower mpg weight, binwid(500) petalw(2) dark(8)}{break}
{it:({stata "gr_example auto: sunflower mpg weight, binwid(500) petalw(2) dark(8)":click to run})}


{title:Also see}

{psee}
Manual:  {bf:[R] sunflower}

{psee}
Online:  {helpb graph}
{p_end}