symbolstyle.hlp

是一个经济学管理应用软件 很难找的 但是经济学学生又必须用到

{smcl}
{* 04mar2005}{...}
{cmd:help symbolstyle}
{hline}
{* index symbolstyle it}{...}

{title:Title}

{p2colset 5 24 26 2}{...}
{p2col :{hi:[G] {it:symbolstyle}} {hline 2}}Choices for the shape of markers{p_end}
{p2colreset}{...}


{title:Syntax}

			synonym
	{it:symbolstyle}     (if any)     description
	{hline 55}
	{cmd:circle}             {cmd:O}         solid
	{cmd:diamond}            {cmd:D}         solid
	{cmd:triangle}           {cmd:T}         solid
	{cmd:square}             {cmd:S}         solid
	{cmd:plus}               {cmd:+}
	{cmd:x}                  {cmd:X}

	{cmd:smcircle}           {cmd:o}         solid
	{cmd:smdiamond}          {cmd:d}         solid
	{cmd:smsquare}           {cmd:s}         solid
	{cmd:smtriangle}         {cmd:t}         solid
	{cmd:smplus} {cmd:smx}         {cmd:x}

	{cmd:circle_hollow}      {cmd:Oh}        hollow
	{cmd:diamond_hollow}     {cmd:Dh}        hollow
	{cmd:triangle_hollow}    {cmd:Th}        hollow
	{cmd:square_hollow}      {cmd:Sh}        hollow

	{cmd:smcircle_hollow}    {cmd:oh}        hollow
	{cmd:smdiamond_hollow}   {cmd:dh}        hollow
	{cmd:smtriangle_hollow}  {cmd:th}        hollow
	{cmd:smsquare_hollow}    {cmd:sh}        hollow

	{cmd:point}              {cmd:p}         a very small dot
	{cmd:none}               {cmd:i}         a symbol that is invisible
	{hline 55}

{pin}
For a symbol palette displaying each of the above symbols, type

{phang3}
	    {cmd:.} {bf:{stata palette symbolpalette}}
			[{cmd:,} {cmdab:sch:eme:(}{it:schemename}{cmd:)}]

{pmore}
	Other {it:symbolstyles} may be available; type

	    {cmd:.} {bf:{stata graph query symbolstyle}}

{pmore}
to obtain the complete list of {it:symbolstyles} installed on your computer.


{title:Description}

{pstd}
Markers are the ink used to mark where points are on a plot;
see {it:{help marker_options}}.
{it:symbolstyle} specifies the shape of the marker.

{pstd}
You specify the {it:symbolstyle} inside the
{cmd:msymbol()} option allowed with many of the {cmd:graph}
commands:

{phang2}
	{cmd:. graph twoway} ...{cmd:, msymbol(}{it:symbolstyle}{cmd:)} ...

{pstd}
In some cases, you will see that a {it:symbolstylelist} is allowed:

{phang2}
	{cmd:. scatter} ...{cmd:, msymbol(}{it:symbolstylelist}{cmd:)} ...

{pstd}
A {it:symbolstylelist} is a sequence of {it:symbolstyles} separated by
spaces.  Shorthands are allowed to make specifying the list easier;
see {it:{help stylelists}}.


{title:Remarks}

{pstd}
Remarks are presented under the headings

	{help symbolstyle##remarks1:Typical use}
	{help symbolstyle##remarks2:Filled and hollow symbols}
	{help symbolstyle##remarks3:Size of symbols}


{marker remarks1}{...}
{title:Typical use}

{pstd}
{cmd:msymbol(}{it:symbolstyle}{cmd:)} is one of the more commonly specified
options.  For instance, you may not be satisfied with the default rendition
of{cmd}

	. scatter mpg weight if foreign ||
	  scatter mpg weight if !foreign

{pstd}
{txt}and prefer{cmd}

	. scatter mpg weight if foreign, msymbol(oh) ||
	  scatter mpg weight if !foreign, msymbol(x)

{pstd}
{txt}When you are graphing multiple {it:y} variables in the same plot, you
can specify a list of {it:symbolstyles} inside the {cmd:msymbol()} option:

	{cmd:. scatter mpg1 mpg2 weight, msymbol(oh x)}

{pstd}
The result is the same as typing{cmd}

	. scatter mpg1 weight, msymbol(oh) ||
	  scatter mpg2 weight, msymbol(x){txt}

{pstd}
Also note that in the above, we specified the symbol-style synonyms.
Whether you type

	{cmd}. scatter mpg1 weight, msymbol(oh) ||
	  scatter mpg2 weight, msymbol(x){txt}

{pstd}
or

	{cmd}. scatter mpg1 weight, msymbol(smcircle_hollow) ||
	  scatter mpg2 weight, msymbol(smx){txt}

{pstd}
makes no difference.


{marker remarks2}{...}
{title:Filled and hollow symbols}

{pstd}
The {it:symbolstyle} specifies the {it:shape} of the symbol, and in that
sense, one of the styles {cmd:circle} and {cmd:hcircle}{hline 2}and
{cmd:diamond} and {cmd:hdiamond}, etc.{hline 2}is unnecessary in that each is
a different rendition of the same shape.  The option
{cmd:mfcolor(}{it:colorstyle}{cmd:)} (see {it:{help marker_options}})
specifies how the inside of the symbol is to be filled.  {cmd:hcircle()},
{cmd:hdiamond}, etc., are included for convenience and are equivalent to
specifying

	{cmd:msymbol(Oh)}:  {cmd:msymbol(O) mfcolor(none)}

	{cmd:msymbol(dh)}:  {cmd:msymbol(d) mfcolor(none)}

	etc.

{pstd}
Using {cmd:mfcolor()} to fill the inside of a symbol with different colors
in some cases creates what are effectively new symbols.
For instance, if you take {cmd:msymbol(O)} and fill its interior with a lighter
shade of the same color used to outline the shape, you obtain a very pleasing
result.  For instance, you might try

	{cmd:msymbol(O) mlcolor(yellow) mfcolor(.5*yellow)}

{pstd}
or

	{cmd:msymbol(O) mlcolor(gs12) mfcolor(gs5)}

{pstd}
as in

{phang2}
	{cmd:. scatter mpg weight, msymbol(O) mlcolor(gs5) mfcolor(gs14)}
{p_end}
	  {it:({stata "gr_example auto: scatter mpg weight, msymbol(O) mlcolor(gs5) mfcolor(gs14)":click to run})}
{* graph symstyle1}{...}


{marker remarks3}{...}
{title:Size of symbols}

{pstd}
Just as {cmd:msymbol(O)} and {cmd:msymbol(Oh)} differ only in
{cmd:mfcolor()}, {cmd:msymbol(O)} and
{cmd:msymbol(o)}{hline 2}symbols {cmd:circle} and
{cmd:smcircle}{hline 2}differ only in {cmd:msize()}.  In particular,

	{cmd:msymbol(O)}:  {cmd:msymbol(O) msize(medium)}

	{cmd:msymbol(o)}:  {cmd:msymbol(O) msize(small)}

{pstd}
and the same is true for all the other large and small symbol pairs.

{pstd}
{cmd:msize()} is interpreted as being relative to the size of the
graph region (see {it:{help region_options}}), so the same
symbol size will in fact be a little different in

	{cmd:. scatter mpg weight}

{pstd}
and

	{cmd:. scatter mpg weight, by(foreign total)}


{title:Also see}

{psee}
Manual:  {bf:[G] {it:symbolstyle}}

{psee}
Online:  
{it:{help marker_options}};
{it:{help markersizestyle}},
{it:{help colorstyle}},
{it:{help linepatternstyle}},
{it:{help linewidthstyle}},
{it:{help linestyle}},
{it:{help markerstyle}}
{p_end}